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XOR spin logic operated by unipolar current based on field-free spin-orbit torque switching induced by a lateral interface

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3868-3875页

作者： Yan-Ru li Mei-Yin Yang Guo-Qiang Yu Bao-Shan Cui jin-Biao liu Yong-liang li Qi-Ming Shao Jun Luo Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices and Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of Sciences(IMECAS)Beijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) Beijing 100049China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China

Spin logics have emerged as a promising avenue for the development of logic-in-memory *** particular,the realization of XOR spin logic gates using a single spin-orbit torque device shows great potential for low-power stateful logic circuits in the next *** this study,we successfully obtained the XOR logic gate by utilizing a spin-orbit torque device with a lateral interface,which was created by local ion implantation in the Ta/Pt/Co/Ta Hall device exhibiting perpendicular magnetic *** angle of the lateral interface is set at 45°relative to the current direction,leading to the competition between symmetry breaking and current-driven Néel-type domain wall ***,the field-free magnetic switching reversed is realized by the same sign of current amplitude at this *** on this field-free magnetic switching behavior,we successfully proposed an XOR logic gate that could be implemented using only a single spin-orbit torque Hall *** study provides a potentially viable approach toward efficient spin logics and in-memory computing architectures.

关键词： Filed-free magnetic switching Spin-orbit torque XOR logic gate Lateral interface

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Design and performance investigation of modified dual reflector parabolic trough collector with double planar mirrors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 902-918页

作者： li Peijing liu TaiXiu QIN YuanLong li JiChao liu QiBin School of Energy Powerand Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power University Beijing 226China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

In a typical parabolic trough collector(PTC), sunlight is concentrated at the bottom of the absorber tube. This concentrated solar flux leads to uneven heat distribution, resulting in high local temperatures and significant thermal stress on the absorber *** limitations have restricted the application of PTCs in solar thermochemistry and other fields and have impacted their safe operation. In this study, a new PTC with dual planar mirrors(DPMS) is proposed to homogenize the circumferential solar flux distribution of the absorber tube. A design method and single-objective optimization of the new PTC with a DPMS are proposed,and an uncertainty analysis of the operational and structural parameters is performed. A coupled light-heat-structure numerical model was developed to study the heat transfer performance and structural mechanical properties. The thermodynamic properties of the PTC with DPMS under different boundary conditions were analyzed. The results show that the circumferential temperature difference of the new PTC is within 2.6 K, and the circumferential thermal deformation is within 0.9 mm under typical working conditions(the inlet velocity of the heat transfer fluid is 3 m/s, inlet temperature is 573.15 K, and the direct normal irradiance is 1000 W/m^(2)). Compared with conventional PTCs, the circumferential temperature difference is reduced by 74%–90%, and the maximum thermal deformation along the y-axis is reduced by more than 95% under all working conditions(1–5 m/s, 373.5–675.15 K, 200–1000 W/m^(2)). The new PTC maintains the uniformity of the circumferential solar flux distribution for different operating parameters(sun incident angle of 0°–3°) and installation errors(±3 mm), is suitable for solar energy applications in various fields, and has the potential for large-scale applications.

关键词： solar thermal energy parabolic trough collector secondary reflector solar flux distribution optical optimization

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D-Psicose intake exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice through alteration in the gut microbiota and dysfunction of mucosal barrier

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 173-182页

作者： Xuejiao Zhang Ang li Yuanyifei Wang jin Wang Bowei Zhang Yan Zhang jingmin liu Shuo Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Food Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China

D-Psicose,as a low-calorie rare sugar,has attracted a lot of attention in recent years for alternating to *** anti-obesity effect of D-psicose has been extensively confirmed in previous studies,however,the impact of D-psicose on colitis remains ***,we firstly evaluated the effect of the D-psicose prophylactic intervention on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL/6 *** pathological symptoms,inflammatory cytokines levels,gut microbiota composition,short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)production and colonic barrier integrity were comprehensively *** results confirmed that D-psicose intervention aggravated colitis,characterized by the exacerbation of colon shortening,increase of colonic inflammatory infiltration,and marked exaltation of disease activity indices and IL-6,IL-1βand TNF-α***,the dysfunction of gut microbiota was identified in the psicose *** abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group was significantly up-regulated while the abundance of probiotics Akkermansia and Lactobacillus were significantly down-regulated in the psicose group compared to the model ***,the production of SCFAs was suppressed in the psicose group,accompanied by a decrease in the level of mucin 2(Muc-2).Collectively,the underlying mechanism of the exacerbation of colitis by D-psicose intervention might be attributed to microbiota dysfunction accompanied by the reduction of SCFAs,which leads to the damage of the mucosal barrier and the intensifi cation of inflammatory invasion.

关键词： D-Psicose Colitis Gut microbiota Short chain fatty acids Mucin 2

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Impact of volcanism on the formation and hydrocarbon generation of organic-rich shale in the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1539-1551页

作者： Jia-Hong Gao Xin-Ping liang Zhi-Jun jin Quan-You liu Chang-Rong li Xiao-Wei Huang Ju-Ye Shi Peng li State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Efficient Development Institute of EnergyPeking University Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing100871 China School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing100083 China

Globally,most organic-rich shales are deposited with volcanic ash *** ash,a source for many sedimentary basins,can affect the sedimentary water environment,alter the primary productivity,and preserve the organic matter(OM)through physical,chemical,and biological *** an increasing number of breakthroughs in shale oil exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin in recent years,less attention has been paid to the crucial role of volcanic impact especially its influence on the OM enrichment and hydrocarbon ***,we studied the petrology,mineralogy,and geochemical characteristics of the organic-rich shale in the upper submember of the fourth member(Es_(4)^(1))and the lower submember of the third member(Es_(3)^(3))of the Shahejie Formation,aiming to better understand the volcanic impact on organic-rich shale *** results show that total organic carbon is higher in the upper shale intervals rich in volcanic ash with enriched light rare earth elements and moderate Eu *** indicates that volcanism promoted OM formation before or after the *** positive correlation between Eu/Eu*and Post-Archean Australian Shale indicates hydrothermal activity before the volcanic *** plane graph of the hydrocarbon-generating intensity(S1+S2)suggests that the heat released by volcanism promoted hydrocarbon ***,the nutrients carried by volcanic ash promoted biological blooms during Es_(4)^(1 )and Es_(3)^(3) deposition,yielding a high primary *** blooms consume large amounts of oxygen and form anoxic environments conducive to the burial and preservation of ***,this study helps to further understand the organic-inorganic interactions caused by typical geological events and provides a guide for the next step of shale oil exploration and development in other lacustrine basins in China.

关键词： Volcanic ash Hydrocarbon generation Organic-rich shale Shahejie Formation Jiyang Depression

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Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2522-2531页

作者： Shaojun Wang Siti Tong Xin jin Na li Pingxiu Dang Yang Sui Ying liu Dajiang Wang Division of Ophthalmology The Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Rehabilitation HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

High intraocular pressure causes retinal ganglion cell injury in primary and secondary glaucoma diseases,yet the molecular landscape characteristics of retinal cells under high intraocular pressure remain *** models of acute hypertension ocular pressure were established by injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid hydrogel(Healaflow■).Single-cell RNA sequencing was then used to describe the cellular composition and molecular profile of the retina following high intraocular *** results identified a total of 12 cell types,namely retinal pigment epithelial cells,rod-photoreceptor cells,bipolar cells,Müller cells,microglia,cone-photoreceptor cells,retinal ganglion cells,endothelial cells,retinal progenitor cells,oligodendrocytes,pericytes,and *** single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the retina under acute high intraocular pressure revealed obvious changes in the proportions of various retinal cells,with ganglion cells decreased by 23%.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and TUNEL staining confirmed the damage to retinal ganglion cells under high intraocular *** extracted data from retinal ganglion cells and analyzed the retinal ganglion cell cluster with the most distinct *** found upregulation of the B3gat2 gene,which is associated with neuronal migration and adhesion,and downregulation of the Tsc22d gene,which participates in inhibition of *** study is the first to reveal molecular changes and intercellular interactions in the retina under high intraocular *** data contribute to understanding of the molecular mechanism of retinal injury induced by high intraocular pressure and will benefit the development of novel therapies.

关键词： apoptosis axon degeneration high intraocular pressure microglia ocular hypertension photoreceptor cells retina retinal degeneration retinal ganglion cells single-cell RNA sequencing

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Valuation and comparison of the actual and optimal control strategy in an emerging infectious disease:Implication from a COVID-19 transmission model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 354-372页

作者： lili liu Xi Wang Ou liu Yazhi li Zhen jin Sanyi Tang Xia Wang Shanxi Key Laboratory of Mathematical Techniques and Big Data Analysis on Disease Control and Prevention Complex Systems Research CenterShanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China School of Mathematical Sciences Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan030006China School of Mathematics and Statistics Qiannan Normal University for NationalitiesGuizhouDuyun558000China School of Mathematics and Statistics Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China

To effectively combat emerging infectious diseases like COVID-19,it is crucial to adopt strict prevention and control measures promptly to effectively contain the spread of the *** this paper,we propose a transmission model to investigate the influence of two control strategies:reducing contact numbers and improving medical *** examine these strategies in terms of constant control and time-varying *** sensitivity analysis on two reproduction numbers of the model with constant control,we demonstrate that reducing contact numbers is more effective than improving medical ***,these two constant controls significantly influence the peak values and timing of ***,intensifying control measures can reduce peak values,albeit at the expense of delaying the peak *** the model with time-varying control,we initially explore the corresponding optimal control problem and derive the characteristic expression of optimal ***,we utilize real data from January 10th to April 12th,2020,in Wuhan city as a case study to perform parameter estimation by using our proposed improved *** findings illustrate that implementing optimal control measures can effectively reduce infections and deaths,and shorten the duration of the ***,we numerically explore that implementing control measures promptly and increasing intensity to reduce contact numbers can make actual control be more closer to optimized ***,we utilize the real data from October 31st to November 18th,2021,in Hebei province as a second case study to validate the feasibility of our proposed suggestions.

关键词： Emerging epidemic Transmission model Sensitivity analysis Actual control Optimal control

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Ginkgo biloba extract alleviates fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in laying hens via reshaping gut microbiota

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 277-294页

作者： Xinyue Yang Depeng li Meihong Zhang Yuqing Feng Xiaolu jin Dan liu Yuming Guo Yongfei Hu State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)is evidenced to be effective in the prevention and alleviation of metabolic disorders,including obesity,diabetes and fatty liver ***,the role of GBE in alleviating fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome(FLHS)in laying hens and the underlying mechanisms remain to be ***,we investigated the effects of GBE on relieving FLHS with an emphasis on the modulatory role of GBE in chicken gut *** The results showed that GBE treatment ameliorated biochemical blood indicators in high-fat diet(HFD)-induced FLHS laying hen model by decreasing the levels of TG,TC,ALT and *** lipid accumulation and pathological score of liver were also relieved after GBE ***,GBE treatment enhanced the antioxidant activity of liver and serum by increasing GSH,SOD,T-AOC,GSH-PX and reducing MDA,and downregulated the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis(FAS,LXRα,GPAT1,PPARγand Ch REBP1)and inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-6,TLR4 and NF-κB)in the *** profiling analysis revealed that GBE treatment reshaped the HFD-perturbed gut microbiota,particularly elevated the abundance of Megasphaera in the ***,targeted metabolomic analysis of SCFAs revealed that GBE treatment significantly promoted the production of total SCFAs,acetate and propionate,which were positively correlated with the GBE-enriched gut ***,we confirmed that the GBE-altered gut microbiota was sufficient to alleviate FLHS by fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).Conclusions We provided evidence that GBE alleviated FLHS in HFD-induced laying hens through reshaping the composition of gut *** findings shed light on mechanism underlying the anti-FLHS efficacy of GBE and lay foundations for future use of GBE as additive to prevent and control FLHS in laying hen industry.

关键词： Antioxidation Fecal microbiota transplantation FLHS Ginkgo biloba extract Inflammation Megasphaera

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Silencing of early auxin responsive genes MdGH3-2/12 reduces the resistance to Fusarium solani in apple

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3012-3024页

作者： Qianwei liu Shuo Xu Lu jin Xi Yu Chao Yang Xiaomin liu Zhijun Zhang Yusong liu Chao li Fengwang Ma State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Apple replant disease(ARD)has led to severe yield and quality reduction in the apple *** solani(***)has been identified as one of the main microbial pathogens responsible for ***(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA),an endogenous hormone in plants,is involved in almost all plant growth and development processes and plays a role in plant immunity against *** Hagen3(GH3)is one of the early/primary auxin response *** aim of this study was to evaluate the function of MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 in the defense response of *** by treating MdGH3-2/12 RNAi plants with *** results show that under *** infection,RNAi of MdGH3-2/12 inhibited plant biomass accumulation and exacerbated root *** inoculation with ***,MdGH3-2/12 RNAi inhibited the biosynthesis of acid-amido *** led to the inhibition of free IAA combining with amino acids,resulting in excessive free IAA *** excessive free IAA altered plant tissue structure,accelerated fungal hyphal invasion,reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD and CAT),increased the reactive oxygen species(ROS)level,and reduced total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic ability,while regulating the expression of PR-related genes including PR1,PR4,PR5 and *** also changed the contents of plant hormones and amino acids,and ultimately reduced the resistance to *** conclusion,these results demonstrate that MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 play an important role in apple tolerance to *** and ARD.

关键词： Fusarium solani early auxin responsive gene apple replant disease plant hormone antioxidant

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Herb pair of Huangqi-Danggui exerts anti-tumor immunity to breast cancer by upregulating PIK3R1

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 234-258页

作者： Hai-Xin liu li lian li-li Hou Cai-Xia liu jin-Hong Ren Yuan-Biao Qiao Shi-Yuan Wen Qing-Shan li College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food EngineeringShanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanChina College of Basic Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina

Background:According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),drugs supplementing the vital energy,Qi,can eliminate tumors by restoring host *** objective of this study is to investigate the underlying immune mechanisms of anti-tumor activity associated with Qi-supplementing herbs,specifically the paired use of Huangqi and ***:Analysis of compatibility regularity was conducted to screen the combination of Qi-supplementing *** the MTT assay and a transplanted tumor mice model,the anti-tumor effects of combination TCMs were investigated in vitro and in *** content analysis and flow cytometry were then used to evaluate cellular immunity,followed by network pharmacology and molecular docking to dissect the significant active compounds and potential ***,the anti-tumor activity and the mechanism of the active ingredients were verified by molecular ***:There is an optimal combination of Huangqi and Danggui that,administered as an aqueous extract,can activate immunity to suppress tumor and is more effective than each drug on its own in vitro and in *** on network pharmacology analysis,PIK3R1 is the core target for the anti-tumor immunity activity of combined Huangqi and *** docking analysis shows 6 components of the combined Danggui and Huangqi extract(quercetin,jaranol,isorhamnetin,kaempferol,calycosin,and suchilactone)that bind to *** is the most important component against breast *** suchilactone/jaranol combination and,especially,the suchilactone/kaempferol combination are key for immunity enhancement and the anti-tumor effects of the ***:The combination of Huangqi and Danggui can activate immunity to suppress breast cancer and is more effective than the individual drugs alone.

关键词： anti-tumor Danggui Huangqi immunity

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Recent progress of Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2444-2468页

作者： Feng Zhan Kun-Song Hu jin-Hua Mai li-Sheng Zhang Zhen-Guo Zhang Huan He Xin-Hua liu School of Resources Environment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China IDTECH(Suzhou)Co.Ltd Suzhou 215217China Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

With the increasing consumption of fossil fuels,proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have attracted considerable attention as green and sustainable energy conversion *** slow kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)has a major impact on the performance of PEMFCs,and although platinum(Pt)can accelerate the reaction rate of the ORR,the scarcity and high cost of Pt resources still limit the development of ***,the development of low-cost high-performance ORR catalysts is essential for the commercial application and development of *** paper reviews the research progress of researchers on Pt-based ORR catalysts in recent years,including Pt/C catalysts,Pt-based alloy catalysts,Pt-based intermetallic compounds,and Pt-based single-atom catalysts(SACs),with a focus on Pt-based alloy catalysts with different *** described in detail the difficulties and solutions in the research process of various ORR catalysts and explained the principle of their activity enhancement with density functional theory(DFT).In addition,an outlook on the development of Pt-based catalysts is given,and reducing the amount of Pt used and improving the performance of catalysts are the directions to work on in the coming period.

关键词： Pt-based catalysts PEMFCs Pt-based intermetallic compounds Single-atom catalysts

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