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Inter-observer Reliability of Indicators and Decision of Pattern Identification Using Diagnostic Flowchart with Traditional Korean Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第5期23卷 338-344页

作者： Ju ah lee Jeeyoun Jung Mi Mi Ko Myeong Soo lee Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon 305-811 Republic of Korea Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon 305-811 Republic of Korea

Objective： To evaluate the consistency of patterns and pattern identification（PI）, and the improvement in the diagnosis of blood stasis after the standard operating procedures（SOPs） were enhanced by using a diagnostic flowchart. Methods： A total of 358 subjects who were admitted by the Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine between June 2013 and December 2014 were included in the study. Each patient was independently diagnosed by two experts from the same department. In 2014, the SOPs included the use of a diagnostic flowchart for each indicator. Inter-observer consistency was assessed by simple percent agreement and by the kappa and AC1 statistics. Results： The improvements in inter-observer agreement for the indicators（for al patients） and PI were greater in 2014 than in 2013. In 2013, the j-value measure of agreement between the two experts ranged from ＂poor＂（κ=–0.051） to ＂good＂（κ=0.968）. The AC1 measure of agreement between the experts was generally high for the indicators and ranged from –0.010 to 0.978. In most cases, agreement was considerably lower when it was assessed by the j-values compared with the AC1 values. In 2014, the j-value measure of agreement on the indicators（for the subjects） general y ranged from poor to good, with the values ranging from –0.007 to 0.994. Moreover, the AC1 measure of agreement between the experts was general y high for al of the indicators and ranged from ＂moderate＂（AC1=0.408） to ＂excel ent＂（AC1=0.996）. Conclusions： In four examinations, there was moderate agreement between the clinicians on the PI indicators of blood stasis. To improve clinician consistency（e.g., in the diagnostic criteria used）, it is necessary to analyse the reasons for inconsistency and to improve clinician training.（Trial registration No. KCT0000916）

关键词： blood stasis inter-observer reliability pattern identification traditional Chinese medicine traditional Korean medicine

Recognition of Association Between Blood Stasis Syndrome and Traumatic Injury among Doctors of Korean Medicine:A Cross-Sectional Observation Study

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期24卷 254-259页

作者： Jeeyoun Jung Mi Mi Ko Ju ah lee Myeong Soo lee Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To investigate the diagnostic indicators and herbal treatments for blood stasis syndrome（BSS） patients with traumatic injuries and to identify the association between BSS and traumatic injury in Korea. Methods： Two-hundred and four patients with traumatic injury were recruited from the Gangnam and Daejeon branches of Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine between June 2014 and December 2014. Two independent doctors of Korean medicine（DKMs） determined the diagnosis of BSS or non-BSS based on the subjects＇ signs and symptoms. The scores assigned to BSS symptoms and DKMs＇ reasons for diagnosing BSS in patients with traumatic injury were investigated. Both medication and herbal prescription records from a 3-month period were collected for all patients diagnosed with BSS by both DKMs. Results： A total of 169 of 204（82.8%） patients received consistent diagnosis related to BSS by two DKMs. Among them, 54.4%（92 cases） were diagnosed with BSS, and 45.6%（77 cases） were not diagnosed with BSS. DKMs most frequently cited symptoms of recent traumatic injury as justifications for BSS diagnoses, and also selected pain-related indicators such as abdominal pain, sharp pain and nocturnal pain as important reasons in diagnosing BSS. In addition, an inconsistency in the pattern identification theory with respect to traumatic injury was observed. Although only 92 cases（54.4%） of patients were diagnosed with BSS, 77.6% of them were prescribed decoctions for BSS. Conclusions： DKMs considered traumatic injury could cause BSS, and utilized decoction for BSS in patients with traumatic injury without confirming a diagnosis of BSS because they assumed the main symptoms or pathologies of traumatic injury to be closely related to BSS.

关键词： blood stasis syndrome Korean medicine traumatic injury herbal medicine diagnosis pattern identification

Polyherbal formula SC-E3 inhibits rheumatoid arthritis activity in a mouse model of type-Ⅱcollagen-induced arthritis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第3期19卷 265-273页

作者： Ju-Yeon Park Young-Won Kwon Sun-ah Kim Sun-Dong Park Chang-Hyun Kim jin-Hee Kim Ju-Hee lee College of Korean Medicine Dongguk UniversityGoyang 10326Republic of Korea Department of Medicine College of MedicineDongguk UniversityGoyang 10326Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science College of Health ScienceCheongju UniversityCheongju 28503Republic of Korea

Objective:SC-E3 is a polyherbal formula that contains five medicinal herbs used frequently in traditional herbal *** our previous study,we demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of *** present study examined the effects of SC-E3 in a mouse model of type-II collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods:In vivo,male DBA/1 J mice were immunized by intradermal injection of bovine type-II collagen and complete or incomplete Freund’s adjuvant,to induce ***-E3 was orally administered daily for 23 *** vitro,bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were treated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF)and receptor activator of nuclear factor-j B ligand(RANKL)in the absence or presence of ***:Administrations of SC-E3 were found to have anti-arthritic effects in the joints of CIA mice,as evidenced by reduced paw swelling,bone erosion and deformation,inflammatory cell infiltration,and inflammation in synovial ***-E3 also reduced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-a,interleukin-1 b,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine ***,tartrateresistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast numbers in the joints were significantly lower in SC-E3-treated CIA mice than in CIA *** addition,the differentiations of BMMs to multinucleated osteoclasts induced by M-CSF and RANKL stimulation were dose-dependently reduced by ***:These results suggest that SC-E3 possesses substantial anti-arthritic activity because it inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclastogenesis,and that SC-E3 has potential therapeutic use for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

关键词： Herbal formula Anti-inflammatory Rheumatoid arthritis Collagen-induced arthritis Osteoclastogenesis

Advancements in hemostatic strategies for managing upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2087-2090页

作者： ah Young lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135Korea

Upper gastrointestinal(GI)hemorrhage presents a substantial clinical *** management typically involves resuscitation and endoscopy within 24 h,although the benefit of very early endoscopy(leeding,preventing rebleeding,and using a multimodal approach encompassing endoscopic,pharmacological,angiographic,and surgical *** agents such as vasopressin,prostaglandins,and proton pump inhibitors are effective,but the increase in antithrombotic use has increased GI bleeding *** hemostasis,particularly for nonvariceal bleeding,employs techniques such as electrocoagu-lation and heater probes,with concerns over tissue injury from monopolar *** methods such as Hemospray and Endoclot show promise in creating mechanical tamponades but have ***,the first-line therapy includes thermal probes and hemoclips,with over-the-scope clips emerging for larger ulcer *** gold probe,combining bipolar electrocoagulation and injection,offers targeted coagulation but has faced device-related *** advancements involve combining techniques and improving endoscopic imaging,with studies exploring combined approaches showing *** research is crucial for developing standardized and effective hemorrhage management strategies.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Hemostasis Endoscopy Probe Spray Clip

Diagnostic Indicators for Blood Stasis Syndrome Patients with Gynaecological Diseases

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第10期24卷 752-757页

作者： Jeeyoun Jung Mi Mi Ko Myeong Soo lee So Min lee Ju ah lee Korea Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To investigate the important diagnostic indicators for blood stasis syndrome （BSS） in patients of childbearing age with gynaecological diseases. Methods： A partial least squared-discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） were applied to BSS symptoms data of patients with gynaecological diseases, and the diagnostic indicators used by doctors of Korean medicine （DKMs） among BSS patients with gynaecological diseases were also investigated. Results： A total of 103 patients of childbearing age with gynaecological diseases and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Among the 103 patients, 63 （61.7%） and 40 （38.8%） were diagnosed with BSS and non-BSS, respectively, and BSS patients exhibited a more severe extent of disease. A score plot of PLS-DA showed clearly different patterns among the 3 groups. Based on the variable importance on projection of PLS-DA model, menstrual pains, dark lumps in the menstrual blood, ileocoecal tenderness and resistance, sharp pains, and sublingual varicosities were selected as the top five most important indicators. Moreover, more than 75% of DKMs chose dark lumps in menstrual blood, menstrual pain, and dark menstrual blood as the diagnostic indicators of BSS in patients with gynaecological diseases, and more than 49% of them also considered sharp pains, dark red tongue, sublingual varicosities, and tendency to bruise easily as diagnostic indicators of BSS. Conclusion： DKMs focused on menstrual symptoms and certain gynaecological symptoms to diagnose BSS patients of childbearing age with female diseases.

关键词： blood stasis syndrome diagnosis gynaecological disease pattern identification

siRNA targeting Livin decreases tumor in a xenograft model for colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第20期17卷 2563-2571页

作者： Bo-Young Oh Ryung-ah lee Kwang Ho Kim Department of Surgery Ewha Womans University School of Medicine

AIM： To evaluate the effect of silencing Livin gene expression with siRNA to apoptosis and proliferation in a colon cancer cell line. METHODS： To investigate the anticancer effect of silencing Livin gene expression, we established an siRNA transfected cell line using the HCT116 colon cancer cell line. After confirming the successful transfection, MTT assay, flow cytometry and annexin V staining were em- ployed to evaluate the antiapoptotic effect. To confirm the in vivo effect of Livin-siRNA, different doses of LivinsiRNA were injected into xenografted tumors in BALB/c nude mice model. RESULTS： Livin expression was dramatically decreased after siRNA transfection, especially at 25 umol/L of siRNA, but this suppression was not dose-dependent. The cell count at 18 h after transfection was significantly reduced as compared with controls （P 〈 0.01）, but tended not to decrease proportionally depending on transfected dose or time. MTT assay revealed that silencing the Livin gene suppressed cellular proliferation at 18 h after transfection （P = 0.04）; however, the inhibitory effect disappeared thereafter. Also, there was no significant difference in cellular proliferation depending on siRNA dose. The rate of apoptosis also increased with silencing of the Livin gene. In vivo, the tumor size significantly decreased after Livin- siRNA injection at 20 umol/L concentration （P = 0.03）. There were no significant body weight changes of mice after siRNA injection. Histologic examination revealed no significant toxic reaction in kidney, liver and brain of mice. CONCLUSION： siRNA-mediated downregulation of Livin expression can induce apoptosis in colon cancer in vitro and in vivo, which suggests the possibility of new cancer therapeutics using siRNA.

关键词： siRNA Livin Inhibitor of apoptosis Coloncancer

Agmatine reduces nitric oxide synthase expression and peroxynitrite formation in the cerebral cortex in a rat model of transient global cerebral ischemia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第23期5卷 1773-1781页

作者： Chin Hee Mun Won Taek lee Kyung ah Park Jong Eun lee Department of Anatomy Yonsei University College of Medicine Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine

Agmatine, an analog of L-arginine, is an endogenous substance synthesized by arginine decarboxylase, which has been shown to possess neuroprotective effects following brain ischemia. Nitric oxide is generated by sequential oxidation of the guanidinium group in L-arginine, and agmatine might protect the brain from ischemic injury by interfering with nitric oxide signaling. This study investigated the effects of agmatine on cerebral cortex neuronal injury following transient global cerebral ischemia and also detected nitric oxide synthase expression and peroxynitrite formation. Results demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of agmatine in global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion alleviated ischemia/reperfusion-induced cerebral cortical cortex neuronal injury and cellular apoptosis, decreased neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression at 24, 48, and 72 hours following global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, and greatly inhibited nitrotyrosine levels, which reflect the amount of peroxynitrite formed. These findings indicated that agmatine alleviates cerebral cortex neuronal injury following global cerebral ischemia and decreases nitric oxide synthase expression and peroxynitrite formation following ischemia/repeffusion.

关键词： agmatine global cerebral ischemia cerebral cortex nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase neuroprotection

Stimbiotic supplementation modulated intestinal inflammatory response and improved broilers performance in an experimentally-induced necrotic enteritis infection model

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 322-338页

作者： Ji Hwan lee Byongkon lee Xavière Rousseau Gilson A.Gomes Han jin Oh Yong Ju Kim Se Yeon Chang Jae Woo An Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Hyun ah Cho jin Ho Cho Department of Animal Science Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644South Korea. Cherrybro Co. Ltd.Jincheon‑Gun 27820South Korea. AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshireUK.

Background:Two experiments were conducted to establish an optimal NE challenge model and evaluate the efficacy of stimbiotic(STB)supplementation in necrotic enteritis(NE)challenged *** Exp.1,a total of 120 Arbor Acres(AA)broilers(45.0±0.21 g)were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3×2 factorial *** treatments included non-challenge(0),×10 the recommended dose(×10)or×20 the recommended dose(×20)by the *** perfringens(CP)treatments were non-challenge(No)or 3 mL of 2.2×10^(7)CFU CP challenge(Yes).In Exp.2,a total of 72 AA broilers(40.17±0.27 g)were randomly assigned to 6 treatments in a 3×2 factorial *** treatments included non-additive(CON),100 mg/kg STB(STB)and 100 mg/kg STB on top of a typical commercial blend including an essential oil,probiotics,and enzyme(CB).Challenge treatments included non-NE challenge(No)and NE challenge(Yes)as established in ***:In Exp.1,CP and vaccine challenge decreased(P<0.05)body weight(BW),body weight gain(BWG)and feed intake(FI),and increased(P<0.05)the number of broilers with diarrhea and intestinal *** oral administration of×20 recommended dose of vaccines coupled with 3 mL of 2.2×10^(7)CFU CP resulted in(P<0.01)a significantly increased incidence of wet litter and intestinal ***,this treatment was chosen as the challenge model for the successful inducement of NE in *** Exp.2,the NE challenge negatively affected(P<0.01)growth performance,ileal morphology,immunoglobulin contents in blood,caecal microbiota in the caecum,footpad dermatitis,intestinal lesion scores,tumour necrosis factor(TNF-α)and endotoxin in the serum compared with the non-NE challenged *** supplementation of STB and CB in diets enhanced(P<0.05)growth performance,intestinal microbiota,and blood profiles by stimulating ileal morphology(VH and VH:CD)and propionate production in the cecum,and there were no differences in measured variables between STB and CB supplemented

关键词： Broiler chicken Clostridium perfringens Necrotic enteritis Xylanse Xylooligosaccharide

Novel methylxanthine derivative-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1127-1138页

作者： In-ah lee Alan Kamba Daren Low Emiko Mizoguchi Gastrointestinal Unit Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School

Family 18 chitinases have a binding capacity with chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. Recent studies strongly suggested that chitinase 3-like 1(CHI3L1, also known as YKL-40) and acidic mammalian chitinase, the two major members of family 18 chitinases, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), bronchial asthma and several other inflammatory disorders. Based on the data from highthroughput screening, it has been found that three methylxanthine derivatives, caffeine, theophylline, and pentoxifylline, have competitive inhibitory effects against a fungal family 18 chitinase by specifically interacting with conserved tryptophans in the active site of this protein. Methylxanthine derivatives are also known as adenosine receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inducers. Anti-in-flammatory effects of methylxanthine derivatives have been well-documented in the literature. For example, a beneficial link between coffee or caffeine consumption and type 2 diabetes as well as liver cirrhosis has been reported. Furthermore, theophylline has a long history of being used as a bronchodilator in asthma therapy, and pentoxifylline has an immuno-modulating effect for peripheral vascular disease. However, it is still largely unknown whether these methylxanthine derivativemediated anti-inflammatory effects are associated with the inhibition of CHI3L1-induced cytoplasmic signaling cascades in epithelial cells. In this review article we will examine the above possibility and summarize the biological significance of methylxanthine derivatives in intestinal epithelial cells. We hope that this study will provide a rationale for the development of methylxanthine derivatives, in particular caffeine,-based antiinflammatory therapeutics in the field of IBD and IBDassociated carcinogenesis.

关键词： Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli Chitinase 3-like 1 Chitinase inhibitors Intestinal epithelial cells Host-microbial interactions Inflammatory bowel disease