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A hybrid sterile locus leads to the linkage drag of interspecific hybrid progenies

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Plant Diversity 2020年第5期42卷 370-375页

作者： Mianmian Wang Jun Yang Jinpeng Wan Dayun Tao jiawu zhou Diqiu Yu Peng Xu Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650223YunnanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Center of Economic Botany Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMengla666303YunnanChina Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement Food Crops Research InstituteYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming650200YunnanChina

Interspecific hybridization plays an important role in rice breeding by broadening access to desirable traits such as disease resistance and improving ***,interspecific hybridization is often hindered by hybrid sterility,linkage drag,and distorted *** mine for favorable genes from Oryza glaberrima,we cultivated a series of BC4 introgression lines(ILs)of *** in the japonica rice variety background(Dianjingyou 1)in which the IL-2769(BC4F10)showed longer sterile lemmas,wider grains and spreading panicles compared with its receptor parent,suggesting that linkage drag may have *** on the BC5F2 population,a hybrid sterility locus,S20,a long sterile lemma locus,G1-g,and a new grain width quantitative trait locus(QTL),qGW7,were mapped in the linkage region about 15 centimorgan(cM)from the end of the short arm of chromosome *** hybrid sterility locus S20 from *** eliminated male gametes of Oryza sativa,and male gametes carrying the alleles of *** in the heterozygotes were aborted *** addition,the homozygotes presented a genotype of ***,and homozygous *** were not ***,the linked traits G1-g and qGW7 showed similar segregation *** results indicate that S20 was responsible for the linkage *** a large number of detected hybrid sterility loci are widely distributed on rice chromosomes,we suggest that hybrid sterility loci are the critical factors for the linkage drag in interspecific and subspecific hybridization of rice.

关键词： Interspecific hybridization Linkage drag Hybrid sterility Segregation distortion

Several basic problems in plastic theory of geomaterials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 81-84页

作者： Yuanxue LIU jiawu zhou Zhongyou LI Chen CHEN Yingren ZHENG The Institute of Geotechnical Engineering Department of Architecture and Civil EngineeringLogistical Engineering UniversityChongqing 400041China

Based on the basic mechanical properties of geomaterials,it was proven that the Drucker Postulate and the classical theory of plasticity can not be applied to ***,several basic problems of plastic theory of geomaterials were *** on the strict theoretical analysis,the following have been proven:the single yield surface model based on the classical theory of plasticity is unsuitable for geomaterials whether the rule of associated flow is applied or not;the yield surface of geomaterials is not unique,and its number is the same as the freedoms of plastic strain increment;the yield surface is not convex;and the rule of associated flow is unsuitable for geomaterials.

关键词： constitutive relation geomaterials classial plastic theory Drucker Postulate yield surface flow rule

Natural alleles of a uridine 5'-diphospho-glucosyltransferase gene responsible for differential endosperm development between upland rice and paddy rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第1期64卷 135-148页

作者： Zihao Wu Xiao Zhang Guimei Chang Jun Yang Jinpeng Wan Feijun Wang Dayun Tao jiawu zhou Lianguang Shang Peng Xu Diqiu Yu School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Gardenthe Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement Food Crops Research InstituteYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650200China The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Center of Economic Botany Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMergla 666303China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

Traditional upland rice generally exhibits insufficient grains resulting from abnormal endosperm development compared to paddy rice. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of this trait is poorly understood. Here,we cloned the uridine 5’-diphospho(UDP)-glucosyltransferase gene EDR1(Endosperm Development in Rice) responsible for differential endosperm development between upland rice and paddy rice by performing quantitative trait loci analysis and map-based cloning. EDR1 was highly expressed in developing seeds duringgrain filling. Natural variations in EDR1 significantly reduced the UDP-glucosyltransferase activity of EDR1 YZNcompared to EDR1 YD1,resulting in abnormal endosperm development in the near-isogenic line, accompanied by insufficient grains and changes in grain *** analyzing the distribution of the two alleles EDR1 YD1 and EDR1 YZNamong diverse paddy rice and upland rice varieties, we discovered that EDR1 was conserved in upland rice, but segregated in paddy rice. Further analyses of grain chalkiness in the alleles of EDR1 YD1 and EDR1 YZNvarieties indicated that rice varieties harboring EDR1 YZNand EDR1 YD1 preferentially showed high chalkiness, and low chalkiness,respectively. Taken together, these results suggest that the UDP-glucosyltransferase gene EDR1 is an important determinant controlling differential endosperm development between upland rice and paddy rice.

关键词： EDR1 endosperm development grain quality UDP-glucosyltransferase upland rice

Effects of acid rain on forest ecosystem in Southwestern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1991年第2期3卷 27-36页

作者： Chen Chuying, Zhang jiawu, Xu Guangshan zhou Chonglian and Liao LipingInstitute of Applied Ecology,academyis Sinica,Shenyang 110015,China

The study of effects of acid rain in Southwestern China on forest ecosystems .has been inrestigated since 1984. The results have shown that the ecosystem of Pinus massoniana forest has been damaged severely by acid rain. Comparing the areas where the annual mean pH value is lower than 4.5 with that higher than 4.5, the productivity of the ecosystems decreased 50 percent. Both the percentages of the green leaves and the content of chlorophyll cut down; the acidity of soil increased a bit and the fertility showed the tendency to lower. The microbial population components in surface soil were changed and the total number of soil microbes reduced from 63.5 to 92.6 percent. Besides the direct effects of acid rain, the insect pest, especially, Blastophagus piniperdoz and Monochamus galloprovincialis, seized the opportunity to enter and reproduce in it so as to aggravate the forest dieback of *** in the areas where the annual average pH value is lower than ***, the simulation study on the symptoms of main tree species in Southwestern China damaged by acid rain has obtained the results in the resistibility of 30 tree species, which provided a foundation for selecting suitable tree species to cultivate in the polluted areas.

关键词： acid rain forest ecosystem Pinus massoniana forest soil destructive pest.

考虑风电波动不确定性的两阶段鲁棒优化分频调度方法

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电网技术 2020年第12期44卷 4530-4538页

作者：包广清周家武马明汪宁渤兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院甘肃省兰州市730050 国网甘肃省电力公司电力科学研究院甘肃省兰州市730070 甘肃省新能源并网运行控制重点实验室(国网甘肃省电力公司) 甘肃省兰州市730070

风电的随机波动性给现代新能源电力调度带来挑战,为此提出一种考虑风电波动不确定性的鲁棒优化分频调度方法。该方法首先利用小波包分解将发电计划与风电出力的差值功率划分成多个频段并选择相应机组,通过分析各频段功率波动置信概率,... 详细信息

风电的随机波动性给现代新能源电力调度带来挑战,为此提出一种考虑风电波动不确定性的鲁棒优化分频调度方法。该方法首先利用小波包分解将发电计划与风电出力的差值功率划分成多个频段并选择相应机组,通过分析各频段功率波动置信概率,构建考虑风电波动不确定性的两阶段鲁棒分频优化模型。该模型将系统所需备用容量按比例分配给各频段机组,分析各频段调节特性和调度成本,并采用基于数据驱动的多弧面不确定集方法来捕捉随机波动不确定分布以削减保守性,同时采用列和约束生成(columnandconstraint penetration,C&CG)算法对其求解。最后,通过30节点系统算例,验证了该模型和方法的正确性和有效性。

关键词：小波分频两阶段鲁棒优化风电不确定性 C&CG算法

大学生创业社会资本的测量及其培育——以长三角地区普通本科高校为例

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教育研究 2015年第5期36卷 64-72页

作者：朱玉红邵园园周甲武杭州电子科技大学自动化学院美国道富信息科技(浙江)有限公司杭州电子科技大学信息学院

结合大学生创业群体的特殊性,采用主观和客观综合测度法,综合选取结构和认知维度的指标来测量大学生创业社会资本水平。其中,客观维度的社会资本选取家庭背景、网络规模、网顶、网间密度这四个指标来全面衡量,主观维度的社会资本则包括... 详细信息

结合大学生创业群体的特殊性,采用主观和客观综合测度法,综合选取结构和认知维度的指标来测量大学生创业社会资本水平。其中,客观维度的社会资本选取家庭背景、网络规模、网顶、网间密度这四个指标来全面衡量,主观维度的社会资本则包括信任、互惠、参与、共享、规范等方面指标。实证结果表明,各高校学生创业社会资本各项指标值差异与高校的性质有很大关系,网间密度和网络规模是客观性指标差异的关键。高校应通过树立科学的创业教育观念、完善创业教育课程体系和创业教育社会支撑体系来培育大学生创业的社会资本。

关键词：大学生创业社会资本创业教育

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“均质空间”与“体积规划”的比较研究

建筑与文化 2016年第6期 226-227页

作者：周佳悟中国美术学院建筑艺术学院

作为同一建筑类别的范斯沃斯住宅和莫勒住宅的形象之间有着极端的反差,但是文章力图通过比较两种住宅操作系统中蕴含的密斯和路斯对传统和建构的认知,及其所引起的住宅-居住的关系,阐释建筑师密斯·凡·德·罗(1886-1969)和阿道夫·路斯... 详细信息

作为同一建筑类别的范斯沃斯住宅和莫勒住宅的形象之间有着极端的反差,但是文章力图通过比较两种住宅操作系统中蕴含的密斯和路斯对传统和建构的认知,及其所引起的住宅-居住的关系,阐释建筑师密斯·凡·德·罗(1886-1969)和阿道夫·路斯(1870-1933)各自的住宅操作系统"均质空间"和"体积规划"基于特殊性之上的碰撞。

关键词：均质空间体积规划住宅

Identification and mapping of a new blast resistance gene Pi67(t) in Oryza glaberrima

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Identification and mapping of a new blast resistance gene Pi...

中国植物病理学会2019年学术年会

作者： Dong Liying Liu Shufang Xu Peng Li Xundong zhou jiawu Li Jing Deng Wei Tao Dayun Yang Qinzhong Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Food Crops Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Oryza glabenima with strong resistance to biotic and abiotic stress was regarded as an excellent gene pool for Asian cultivated rice *** and utilization of favorable genes of *** would be important for broadening genetic basis of modern *** *** accessions showed highly resistance against Magnaporthe oryzae in natural blast nursery,indicating that *** could possess new blast resistance *** identify new blast resistant genes from ***,*** *** cultivar Dianjingyou 1 was crossed with accessions of ***,and then successively backcrossed with recurrent parent Dianjingyou 1 to breed introgression lines.A set of BC F introgression lines(ILs) was evaluated for blast resistance in natural blast *** resistant ILs in natural blast nursery were inoculated again with strong virulent to monogenic lines in *** resistant IL106 was selected for genetic and molecular *** a BC F population derived from a cross of IL106/Dianjingyou 1,a new dominant blast resistant gene,designated as Pi67(t),was identified and preliminarily mapped on chromosome 6 of rice flanked by SSR marker RM30 and RM345,and co-segregated with *** was found that Pi67(t) conferred a broadspectrum resistance to *** strains collected from different rice-growing *** new identified blast resistance gene Pi67(t) would be a promising gene for disease-resistant breeding.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae resistance gene Pi67(t) mapping Oryza glaberrima

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土体结构性损伤模型研究

地下空间与工程学报 2014年第4期10卷 783-788页

作者：吴和盛王威龙周家伍空军第六空防工程处湖南衡阳421001

结构性土体具有明显的损伤破损效应,结构性土体可看作是重塑土附含有一定的结构性。在荷载作用下,结构性土体的结构性逐渐消失,即土体的结构性发生损伤,直至结构性土体转化为重塑土。基于此认识,可将结构性土体的损伤变量与经典连续介... 详细信息

结构性土体具有明显的损伤破损效应,结构性土体可看作是重塑土附含有一定的结构性。在荷载作用下,结构性土体的结构性逐渐消失,即土体的结构性发生损伤,直至结构性土体转化为重塑土。基于此认识,可将结构性土体的损伤变量与经典连续介质损伤力学中关于损伤变量的定义一致,同时也是经典损伤力学的扩展。将损伤而耗散的能量定义为损伤耗散能,并引入到土体的能量平衡方程中。通过对结构体元的能量分析,推导了相应的损伤演化方程,并给出了模型参数的确定方法。最后将试验结果和本文方法的结果进行对比,结果表明本文方法能较好反映土体损伤演化规律。

关键词：土体本构关系损伤结构性