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Characteristics of orthorhombic anisotropic seismic response induced by horizontal in situ stress in vertical transversely isotropic media

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2291-2310页

作者： Xinpeng PAN Chengxu LU Zhizhe ZHAO jianxin liu School of Geoscience and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Key LabraoryofNonferrous Resoures and Gelogical Dsaster Exloration Central Souh Unvers Changsha 4o03China Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring(Central South University) Ministry of EducationChangsha 410083China PowerChina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Limited Changsha 410014China

Sedimentary strata typically exhibit the characteristics of transverse isotropy(VTI)with a vertical axis of symmetry.However,fractures in sedimentary strata tend to produce anisotropic closure due to horizontal in situ stress,resulting in pronounced orthorhombic anisotropy in VTI media under such stress conditions and influencing the propagation behavior of seismic waves.Previous studies have primarily focused on the elastic wave velocity anisotropy induced by applied stress in isotropic background media,neglecting the impact of VTI background media on the anisotropy induced by horizontal in situ stress and the response characteristics of seismic wave propagation.To address these gaps,we first establish the effective elastic stiffness tensor of VTI media under horizontal in situ stress using nonlinear acoustoelastic theory.Then,we derive the accurate and linearized approximate equations for P-wave seismic reflectivity of VTI media under horizontal in situ stress,based on wave equations and scattering theory,respectively.Finally,we compare and analyze the characteristics of orthorhombic anisotropic seismic response induced by horizontal in situ stress at various types of elastic reflection interfaces.Our results demonstrate that the linearized approximation of the seismic reflection response characteristics closely aligns with the accurate equations under conditions of small stress below 10 MPa,effectively capturing the azimuth-dependent orthorhombic anisotropy induced by horizontal in situ stress in VTI media.The results of this study also provide a novel theoretical approach and valuable insights into the seismic prediction of in situ stress.

关键词： Horizontal in situ stress Nonlinear acoustoelastic theory Linear slip theory Orthorhombic anisotropy Stress seismic prediction

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A Research Progress of CO_(2)-Responsive Plugging Channeling Gels

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Energy Engineering 2024年第7期121卷 1759-1780页

作者： Yang Xiong jianxin liu Xianhao Yi Bangyan Xiao Dan Wu Biao Wu Chunyu Gao Key Laboratory of Drilling and Production Engineering for Oil and Gas Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China

In the heterogeneous reservoirs,CO_(2) flooding easily leads to CO_(2) gas channeling,which can seriously affect sweeping efficiency and reduce oil recovery.After thoroughly investigating the advantages and shortcomings of various CO_(2) plugging technologies,this paper focuses on the feasibility of improving conventional water-alternating gas(WAG)through CO_(2)-responsive gel materials.Based on the different chemical reaction mechanisms between the unique chemical structure and CO_(2),changes in the material’s physical and chemical properties can respond to CO_(2).The feasibility of utilizing these property changes for CO_(2)-responsive plugging is explored.Various CO_(2)-responsive gels and gel nanoparticles have been extensively researched in different fields,such as energy,medicine,and biology.This paper surveys the molecular structures,chemical compositions,response mechanisms,and changes of these CO_(2)-responsive gels,aiming to draw insights into the carbon dioxide-enhanced oil recovery(CO_(2)-EOR)field.Finally,the key issues and future development direction of CO_(2)-responsive plugging gels were analyzed.

关键词： Gas channeling sweep efficiency CO_(2)-responsive gel CO_(2)-EOR

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Alloy design for laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing:a critical review

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 29-63页

作者： Zhuangzhuang liu Qihang Zhou Xiaokang Liang Xiebin Wang Guichuan Li Kim Vanmeensel jianxin Xie Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing(MOE) Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Capital Aerospace Machinery Corporation Limited Beijing 100076People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong UniversityJingshi Road 17923Jinan 250061People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Engineering KU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium

Metal additive manufacturing(AM)has been extensively studied in recent decades.Despite the significant progress achieved in manufacturing complex shapes and structures,challenges such as severe cracking when using existing alloys for laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)AM have persisted.These challenges arise because commercial alloys are primarily designed for conventional casting or forging processes,overlooking the fast cooling rates,steep temperature gradients and multiple thermal cycles of L-PBF.To address this,there is an urgent need to develop novel alloys specifically tailored for L-PBF technologies.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the strategies employed in alloy design for L-PBF.It aims to guide future research on designing novel alloys dedicated to L-PBF instead of adapting existing alloys.The review begins by discussing the features of the L-PBF processes,focusing on rapid solidification and intrinsic heat treatment.Next,the printability of the four main existing alloys(Fe-,Ni-,Al-and Ti-based alloys)is critically assessed,with a comparison of their conventional weldability.It was found that the weldability criteria are not always applicable in estimating printability.Furthermore,the review presents recent advances in alloy development and associated strategies,categorizing them into crack mitigation-oriented,microstructure manipulation-oriented and machine learning-assisted approaches.Lastly,an outlook and suggestions are given to highlight the issues that need to be addressed in future work.

关键词： laser powder bed fusion alloy design printability crack mitigation

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The ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 mediates the regulation of PepT2 by mTORC1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 12-18页

作者： Caihong Wang Fengqi Zhao jianxin liu Hongyun liu College of Animal Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Sciences University of VermontBurlingtonVT05405USA

Peptide transporter 2(PepT2)transports short peptides from the blood into bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMEC)to stimulate milk protein synthesis.Despite the fact that the effect of PepT2 is acknowledged in BMEC,little is known about its regulation.This study was completed to investigate the role of mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)signaling in regulating the expression and function of PepT2 in BMEC.The regulation of PepT2 by mTOR in BMEC was studied in vitro using peptide transport assay,gene silencing,Western blot.The membrane expression of PepT2 and the uptake of b-Ala-Lys-N-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid(b-Ala-Lys-AMCA),a model dipeptide,in BMEC were reduced by rapamycin(a mTOR inhibitor)and silencing of either mTOR complex 1(mTORC1)or mTOR complex 2(mTORC2),stimulated by DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein(DEPTOR,endogenous inhibitor of mTORC1 and mTORC2)silencing.The trafficking of PepT2 to the membrane and the uptake of b-Ala-Lys-AMCA was promoted by neuronal precursor cell-expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 isoform 2(Nedd4-2)silencing.The effects of knockdown of mTORC1,but not mTORC2,on cell membrane expression and transport activity of PepT2 was abolished by Nedd4-2 silencing.With immunofluorescence staining,PepT2 was identified to be interacting with Nedd4-2.The Nedd4-2 expression and the interaction between PepT2 and Nedd4-2 was increased through mTORC1 knockdown,indicating an increased ubiquitination of PepT2.The results revealed that mTORC1 can regulate the expression and function of PepT2 through Nedd4-2 in BMEC.

关键词： mTORC1 mTORC2 Nedd4-2 PepT2 Peptide uptake BMEC

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A novel integrated microfluidic chip for on-demand electrostatic droplet charging and sorting

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 31-42页

作者： Jinhui Yao Chunhua He jianxin Wang Canfeng Yang Ye Jiang Zhiyong liu Guanglan Liao Tielin Shi State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

On-demand droplet sorting is extensively applied for the efficient manipulation and genome-wide analysis of individual cells.However,state-of-the-art microfluidic chips for droplet sorting still suffer from low sorting speeds,sample loss,and labor-intensive preparation procedures.Here,we demonstrate the development of a novel microfluidic chip that integrates droplet generation,on-demand electrostatic droplet charging,and high-throughput sorting.The charging electrode is a copper wire buried above the nozzle of the microchannel,and the deflecting electrode is the phosphate buffered saline in the microchannel,which greatly simplifies the structure and fabrication process of the chip.Moreover,this chip is capable of high-frequency droplet generation and sorting,with a frequency of 11.757 kHz in the drop state.The chip completes the selective charging process via electrostatic induction during droplet generation.On-demand charged microdroplets can arbitrarilymove to specific exit channels in a three-dimensional(3D)-deflected electric field,which can be controlled according to user requirements,and the flux of droplet deflection is thereby significantly enhanced.Furthermore,a lossless modification strategy is presented to improve the accuracy of droplet deflection or harvest rate from 97.49% to 99.38% by monitoring the frequency of droplet generation in real time and feeding it back to the charging signal.This chip has great potential for quantitative processing and analysis of single cells for elucidating cell-to-cell variations.

关键词： Copper wire Droplet generation Droplet sorting Microfluidic chips On-demand charging

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O-glycosylation in viruses:A sweet tango

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 57-73页

作者： Annan Ming jianxin Zhao Yihan liu Yibo Wang Xiaohui Wang Jing Li Leiliang Zhang Shandong Provincial Hospital Afiliated to Shandong First Medical University JinanChina Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina Bejing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina Bejing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences BeijingChina

O-glycosylation is an ancient yet underappreciated protein posttranslational modification,on which many bacteria and viruses heavily rely to perform critical biological functions involved in numerous infectious diseases or even cancer.But due to the innate complexity of O-glycosylation,research techniques have been limited to study its exact role in viral attachment and entry,assembly and exit,spreading in the host cells,and the innate and adaptive immunity of the host.Recently,the advent of many newly developed methodologies(e.g.,mass spectrometry,chemical biology tools,and molecular dynamics simulations)has renewed and rekindled the interest in viral-related O-glycosylation in both viral proteins and host cells,which is further fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic.In this review,we summarize recent advances in viral-related O-glycosylation,with a particular emphasis on the mucin-type O-linkedα-N-acetylgalactosamine(O-GalNAc)on viral proteins and the intracellular O-linkedβ-N-acetylglucosamine(O-GlcNAc)modifications on host proteins.We hope to provide valuable insights into the development of antiviral reagents or vaccines for better prevention or treatment of infectious diseases.

关键词： immune response O-GalNAc O-GlcNAc O-glycosylation virus

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Constraints on the utilization of cereal straw in lactating dairy cows:A review from the perspective of systems biology

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 240-248页

作者： Bing Wang Huizeng Sun Diming Wang Hongyun liu jianxin liu Institute of Dairy Science MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Cereal straw,a human inedible crop byproduct,can be used as a roughage source in ruminants.However,the nutrition density and palatability are very low,limiting its efficient utilization in animal production.This review aims to systematically provide an overview of the limitations of cereal straws,which is crucial for developing new strategies to enhance the efficient use of cereal straws by lactating dairy cows.Evolutionary molecular biology makes it possible to comprehensively understand the limitations of using cereal straw as a roughage source in dairy cows by different techniques,e.g.,multi-omics.Main constraints for utilization of cereal straw and stover in lactating dairy cows include low contents of easily fermented carbohydrates(pectin)and essential amino acids(Met,Phe,and branched-chain amino acids),high content of lignin and silica,and low nutrient digestibility.These cause insufficient supply of the precursors for milk synthesis and result in increased loss of nutrients in feces and urine.Several molecular mechanisms are revealed by multi-omics techniques,including changed amino acid and glucose metabolism,altered rumen microbial composition and function,and differential expression of miRNAs,mRNA,and protein in multi-organs that are associated with milk synthesis.These can be targets of approaches to improve the utilization of cereal straw by dairy cows.In addition,much attention should be given to the efficient countermeasures,including pretreatments by fibrolytic enzymes or steam explosion,dietary formulations such as supplement of pectin,methionine,and branched-chain amino acids,and feeding with other functional feedstuffs,which may improve the feeding and economic value of cereal straw for lactating dairy cows.The newly revealed functional genes(such as BAG3 in the rumen,PC in the liver,CSN1S2 in the mammary gland)and biomarkers(hippuric acid)as well as the integrative signaling and metabolic pathways(phenylalanine metabolism)related to the shortages of cereal straws could be used as nutritional or

关键词： Amino acid metabolism Cereal straw Glucose utilization Metabolites Rumen microbiome

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Nano-flower spherical SnS2 combined with a special lithium storage mechanism as a multifunctional separator for lithium-sulfur batteries contributes to ultra-high initial discharge specific capacity

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 509-519页

作者： liu HuaZhong XIONG YaPing HUANG MouZhi CHEN ZongMin YANG Xiao ZHANG Ze YANG ZhenYu CAI jianxin School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

The critical factors that limit the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are mainly the“shuttle effect”of polysulfides and the slow redox reaction between lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).Herein,a nano-sphere-type material selfassembled from tin disulfide nanosheets is designed and applied to the Li-S cell separator in this work.The SnS_(2)@PP modified separator not only acts as a dual restriction for LiPSs by chemisorption and physical barrier.At the same time,it improves the catalytic activity of the redox reaction between LiPSs.The SnS_(2)has extremely high electrochemical activity.There,a portion of the lithium ions can be inserted into SnS_(2)to form Li_(x)SnS_(2)and contribute to the capacity during the first discharge of the battery.In addition,Li_(x)SnS_(2)possesses a high degree of stability,and it does not undergo further de-alloying reactions even at the high potential of the Li-S cell.The benefit is that the steady-state Li_(x)SnS_(2)acts as a lithium-containing substance.It can form special Li^(+)channels on the surface of the separator,thus greatly improving the efficiency of Li+transport.The results showed that the SnS_(2)@PP-based cell exhibited extremely high initial discharge specific capacity(1477 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.1 C)and excellent rate performance(631 m Ah g^(-1)at 5 C).Even after 1000 cycles at 2 C,the cell exhibited a low decay rate of 0.06%per cycle on average.In addition,the superior electrochemical performance was obtained even with a high sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm^(-2)and low electrolyte of E/S=8μL mg^(-1).

关键词： Li-S batteries modified separators polysulfides catalytic conversion high electrochemical activity

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Heat stress affects dairy cow health status through blood oxygen availability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2663-2673页

作者： Jia Zeng Jie Cai Diming Wang Hongyun liu Huizeng Sun jianxin liu Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Background Rises in global warming and extreme weather occurrence make the risk of heat stress(HS)induced by high ambient temperatures more likely in high-yielding dairy cows,resulting in low milk quality and yield.In ani-mals,oxygen is involved in many physiological and metabolic processes,but the effects of HS on oxygen metabolism remain unclear.Thus,the current study aimed to investigate how oxygen metabolism plays a role in health status of dairy cows by measuring the milk yield,milk composition,and blood biochemical variables of cows under different levels of HS:none(No-HS),mild(Mild-HS),and moderate HS(Mod-HS).Results The HS significantly increased rectal temperature(Ptreat<0.01)and respiration rate(Ptreat<0.01).Under Mod-HS,greater Na+(P<0.05)and lower total CO_(2),and pH(P<0.05)were observed relative to those under No-HS and Mild-HS.Oxygen concentrations in both coccygeal artery and mammary vein(Ptreat<0.01)were lower under Mod-HS than under No-HS.Coccygeal vein concentrations of heat shock protein 90(HSP90)(P<0.05)increased during Mod-HS compared with those in cows under No-HS.Malondialdehyde increased during Mod-HS,and glu-tathione peroxidase(P<0.01)increased during Mild-HS.Coccygeal vein concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor(P<0.01),heme oxygenase-1(P<0.01),and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(P<0.01)were greater in cows under Mod-HS than those under No-HS.Red blood cell count(P<0.01)and hemoglobin concentration(P<0.01)were lower in the coccygeal vein of dairy cows under Mild-and Mod-HS than those of cows under No-HS.Conclusions Exposure to HS negatively impacts the health status and lactation performance of dairy cows by limit-ing oxygen metabolism and transportation.However,the specific mechanism by which HS affects mammary function in cows remains unclear and requires further exploration.

关键词： Dairy cow Health status Heat stress Lactation performance Oxygen metabolism

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How neonatal diet affects the long-term development of rumination behavior, rumen fermentation and feed digestion in dairy calves fed a high milk level?

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 326-337页

作者： jianxin Xiao Tianyu Chen Rong Peng Gibson M. Alugongo Hui Yang Shuai liu Yulin Ma Jingjun Wang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding International Calf and Heifer Organization College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University

This study was to investigate growth performance, rumination development, rumen fermentation and feed digestion in young calves provided high volumes(about 20% of calf birth weight) of milk with or without forage inclusion and how these parameters correlate with each other. Immediately after birth,160 newborn Holstein female calves(41.6 ± 4.2 kg of initial BW) were randomly divided into 2 treatments: 1) starter(CON, only starter) and 2) starter and hay(HAY, both starter and hay). The calves were fed their respective experimental diets from d 4 to 84, after which they were all introduced to similar diets until the end of the experiment on d 196. Treatment had no effect on growth and structural measurements throughout the experimental period. However, treatment had an effect on the other parameters, mainly during the post-weaning period. Forage supplementation tended to reduce starter dry matter intake(P = 0.05), while increasing the forage intake(P < 0.01) and the feed-to-gain ratio(P < 0.01). HAY calves had increased neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and physically effective NDF(peNDF)intakes(P < 0.05) and tended to lower(P < 0.01) starch intake compared to CON calves. The HAY calves had a higher rumination time(P < 0.01), ruminal pH(P < 0.01), and acetate-to-propionate ratio(P = 0.05)compared to the CON calves. Spearman correlation analysis showed that rumination time was positively related to the ruminal p H at d 84(P = 0.01) and 196(P = 0.02). The HAY calves had similar apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter(DM), NDF and ether extract(EE), but lower digestibility of organic matter(OM, P = 0.03), crude protein(CP, P < 0.01) and starch(P < 0.01) compared to those of the CON calves at week 12. Furthermore, there were no positive relationships between rumination time and nutrient digestibility or between rumination time per kilogram DM and nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, feeding hay to calves fed a high milk level improved rumination during the post-weaning period only, without a concomitant effect on

关键词： Neonatal calf Early forage feeding Rumination Rumen fermentation Nutrient digestibility

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