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Experimental study on seismic reinforcement of bridge foundation on silty clay landslide with inclined interlayer

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第1期23卷 193-207页

作者： Lei Da xiao Hanmo Ran jianhua Luo Bin Jiang Guanlu Xue Tianlang College of Civil Engineering Sichuan Agricultural UniversityDujiangyan 611830China Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction Dujiangyan 611830China School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

A shaking table test for a bridge foundation reinforced by anti-slide piles on a silty clay landslide model with an inclined interlayer was performed.The deformation characteristics of the bridge foundation piles and anti-slide piles were analyzed in different loading conditions.The dynamic response law of a silty clay landslide with an inclined interlayer was summarized.The spacing between the rear anti-slide piles and bridge foundation should be reasonably controlled according to the seismic fortification requirements,to avoid the two peaks in the forced deformation of the bridge foundation piles.The“blocking effect”of the bridge foundation piles reduced the deformation of the forward anti-slide piles.The stress-strain response of silty clay was intensified as the vibration wave field appeared on the slope.Since the vibration intensified,the thrust distribution of the landslide underwent a process of shifting from triangle to inverted trapezoid,the difference in the acceleration response between the bearing platform and silty clay landslide tended to decrease,and the spectrum amplitude near the natural vibration frequency increased.The rear anti-slide piles were able to slow down the shear deformation of the soil in front of the piles and avoid excessive acceleration response of the bridge foundation piles.

关键词： silty clay landslide inclined interlayer shaking table test anti-slide pile bridge foundation pile

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Numerical simulation on sand sedimentation and erosion characteristics around HDPE sheet sand barrier under different wind angles

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 538-554页

作者： ZHANG Kai ZHANG Peili ZHANG Hailong TIAN Jianjin WANG Zhenghui xiao jianhua College of Civil Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

For the safety of railroad operations,sand barriers are utilized to mitigate wind-sand disaster effects.These disasters,characterized by multi-directional wind patterns,result in diverse angles among the barriers.In this study,using numerical simulations,we examined the behavior of High Density Polyethylene(HDPE)sheet sand barriers under different wind angles,focusing on flow field distribution,windproof efficiency,and sedimentation erosion dynamics.This study discovered that at a steady wind speed,airflow velocity varies as the angle between the airflow and the HDPE barrier changes.Specifically,a 90°angle results in the widest low-speed airflow area on the barrier’s downwind side.If the airflow is not perpendicular to the barrier,it prompts a lateral airflow movement which decreases as the angle expands.The windproof efficiency correlates directly with this angle but inversely with the wind’s speed.Notably,with a wind angle of 90°,wind speed drops by 81%.The minimum wind speed is found at 5.1H(the sand barrier height)on the barrier’s downwind side.As the angle grows,the barrier’s windproof efficiency improves,extending its protective reach.Sedimentation is most prominent on the barrier’s downwind side,as the wind angle shifts from 30°to 90°,the sand sedimentation area on the barrier’s downwind side enlarges by 14.8H.As the angle grows,sedimentation intensifies,eventually overtakes the forward erosion and enlarges the sedimentation area.

关键词： Multi-wind direction HDPE sheet sand barrier Numerical simulation Windproof efficiency Sedimentation erosion

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Flow field, sedimentation, and erosion characteristics around folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence: Numerical simulation study

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 113-130页

作者： ZHANG Kai ZHANG Hailong TIAN Jianjin QU Jianjun ZHANG Xingxin WANG Zhenghui xiao jianhua College of Civil Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Wind and sand hazards are serious in the Milan Gobi area of the Xinjiang section of the Korla Railway. In order to ensure the safe operation of railroads, there is a need for wind and sand protection in heavily sandy areas. The wind and sand flow in the region is notably bi-directional. To shield railroads from sand, a unique sand fence made of folded linear high-density polyethylene(HDPE) is used, aligning with the principle that the dominant wind direction is perpendicular to the fence. This study employed field observations and numerical simulations to investigate the effectiveness of these HDPE sand fences in altering flow field distribution and offering protection. It also explored how these fences affect the deposition and erosion of sand particles. Findings revealed a significant reduction in wind speed near the fence corner;the minimum horizontal wind speed on the leeward side of the first sand fence(LSF) decreased dramatically from 3 m/s to 0.64 m/s. The vortex area on the LSF markedly impacted horizontal wind speeds. Within the LSF, sand deposition was a primary occurrence. As wind speeds increased, the deposition zone shrank, whereas the positive erosion zone expanded. Close to the folded corners of the HDPE sand fence, there was a notable shift from the positive erosion zone to a deposition zone. Field tests and numerical simulations confirmed the high windproof efficiency(WE) and sand resistance efficiency(SE) in the HDPE sand fence. Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence can effectively slow down the incoming flow and reduce the sand content, thus achieving good wind and sand protection. This study provides essential theoretical guidance for the design and improvement of wind and sand protection systems in railroad engineering.

关键词： Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence Numerical simulation Flow field characteristics Protection benefits

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Flavonoids from mulberry leaves inhibit fat production and improve fatty acid distribution in adipose tissue in finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 147-157页

作者： Yingying Liu Yinglin Peng Chen Chen Huibo Ren Ji Zhu Yuan Deng Qingming Cui Xionggui Hu jianhua He Huali Li Xinghui Zhu Yulong Yin Jun He Yi xiao College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science Key Laboratory of Conservation and Genetic Analysis of Local Pig Breed Germplasm Resources College of Information and Intelligence Hunan Agricultural University Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study evaluated the effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves (FML) on plasma biochemical indices,serum activities of lipid metabolism-related enzymes,fat morphology,fatty acid composition,and lipid metabolism in different adipose tissues of finishing pigs.We used 120 Chinese hybrid barrows of Berkshire and Bama mini-pigs with an average initial body weight of 45.11±4.23 kg.The pigs were randomly assigned to five treatment groups and fed a control diet based on corn,soybean meal,and wheat bran or a control diet supplemented with 0.02%,0.04%,0.08%,or 0.16%FML.Each experimental group had six replicates (pens),with four pigs per pen.After a 7-d adaptation period,the feeding trial was conducted for 58 d.Blood and adipose tissue samples were collected from 30 pigs (one pig per pen)at the end of the test.The results showed that FML supplementation significantly decreased the feed intake to body gain ratio,the plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and free fatty acids,and the serum activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (linear or quadratic effects,P<0.05),and decreased the plasma triglyceride concentration (quadratic,P=0.07).Increasing FML supplementation increased the average daily gain and serum activities of lipoprotein lipase (linear and quadratic effects,P<0.05) and adipose triglyceride lipase (linear,P<0.05).Dietary FML supplementation decreased the adipocyte area in the dorsal subcutaneous adipose (DSA) tissue of finishing pigs (linear,P=0.05) and increased the adipocyte area in the visceral adipose tissue (quadratic,P<0.01).Increasing FML supplementation decreased the C20:1 content in DSA,abdominal subcutaneous adipose,and visceral adipose tissues of finishing pigs (P<0.05) and increased the C18:3n3 and n-3 PUFA contents(P<0.05).The lipid metabolism genes were regulated by the PPARγ-LXRa-ABCA1 signaling pathway,and their expressions differed in different adipose tissues.These findings suggest that FML improved growth performance,regulated lipid metabolism,inhibited fat production

关键词： Finishing pig Mulberry leaf Flavonoid Lipid metabolism Fatty acid Lard

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The response of roots and the rhizosphere environment to integrative cultivation practices in paddy rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1879-1896页

作者： Hanzhu Gu Xian Wang Minhao Zhang Wenjiang Jing Hao Wu Zhilin xiao Weiyang Zhang Junfei Gu Lijun Liu Zhiqin Wang jianhua Zhang Jianchang Yang Hao Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Agricultural College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Taizhou Institute of Agricultural Science Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesTaizhou 225300China State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology School of Life SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong 999077China Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHong Kong 999077China

Integrative cultivation practices(ICPs)are essential for enhancing cereal yield and resource use efficiency.However,the effects of ICP on the rhizosphere environment and roots of paddy rice are still poorly understood.In this study,four rice varieties were produced in the field.Each variety was treated with six different cultivation techniques,including zero nitrogen application(0 N),local farmers’practice(LFP),nitrogen reduction(NR),and three progressive ICP techniques comprised of enhanced fertilizer N practice and increased plant density(ICP1),a treatment similar to ICP1 but with alternate wetting and moderate drying instead of continuous flooding(ICP2),and the same practices as ICP2 with the application of organic fertilizer(ICP3).The ICPs had greater grain production and nitrogen use efficiency than the other three methods.Root length,dry weight,root diameter,activity of root oxidation,root bleeding rate,zeatin and zeatin riboside compositions,and total organic acids in root exudates were elevated with the introduction of the successive cultivation practices.ICPs enhanced nitrate nitrogen,the activities of urease and invertase,and the diversity of microbes(bacteria)in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil,while reducing the ammonium nitrogen content.The nutrient contents(ammonium nitrogen,total nitrogen,total potassium,total phosphorus,nitrate,and available phosphorus)and urease activity in rhizosphere soil were reduced in all treatments in comparison with the non-rhizosphere soil,but the invertase activity and bacterial diversity were greater.The main root morphology and physiology,and the ammonium nitrogen contents in rhizosphere soil at the primary stages were closely correlated with grain yield and internal nitrogen use efficiency.These findings suggest that the coordinated enhancement of the root system and the environment of the rhizosphere under integrative cultivation approaches may lead to higher rice production.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) nitrogen use efficiency grain yield integrative cultivation practices roots

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Mechanisms of the formation of wind-blown sand hazards and the sand control measures in Gobi areas under extremely strong winds along the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第2期66卷 292-302页

作者： Jianjun QU Tao WANG Qinghe NIU Benli LIU Lihai TAN Qingjie HAN Yang GAO jianhua xiao Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification/Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou511458China

The Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway(HSR)traverses areas of the Gobi Desert where extremely strong winds are frequent.These strong winds cause sand/gravel hazards,an unaddressed issue that often seriously compromises the safe operation of the HSR.This paper studies the mechanisms leading to wind-blown sand hazards and the outcomes of sand control projects in these areas.The main findings are as follows:(1)Cold northern airflows over the Tian Shan mountain range are accelerated by the wind tunnels and downslope effect as they pass over complex terrain comprising passes,gullies,and proluvial fans.Consequently,the wind intensity often increases two-to threefold,creating frequent high-speed winds that lead to severe sand damage along the HSR.(2)In the Gobi areas with extremely strong winds,sand grains can be lifted as high as 9 m from the ground into the air,far higher than in other areas of the desert.The sand transport rate decreases exponentially with increasing height.Both wind speed and particle size determine saltation height.Coarser particles and stronger winds provide the particles with a higher kinetic energy as they collide with the ground.In the wind zones of Baili and Yandun,the analysed study areas,the saltation layer height of wind-blown sand/gravel exceeds 3 and 2 m,respectively.(3)Based on the above findings,recently emerging sand control materials,suitable for the areas of interest,were screened and developed.Furthermore,under the proposed principle of‘supplementing blocking with trapping’,a comprehensive sand control measure was established,featuring sandblocking belts comprised of multiple rows,and high,vertical sand-trapping installations with a large grids size.The installed system showed a high efficacy,reducing sand transport rate by 87.87%and significantly decreasing the deposition of sand along a trial section of the HSR.

关键词： Gobi areas with extremely strong winds Wind-blown sand hazards Complex terrain Sand/gravel flow Wind-blown sand control

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CVD growth of graphene on copper-plated scrap steel without external carbon source

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Nano Research 2023年第10期16卷 12263-12269页

作者： Tianyi Qi Qingguo Shao Hao Qi jianhua xiao Yuming Zhang Yang Wang Xin Jin Yanli Chen Dan Li xiaobei Zang Ning Cao School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Qingdao Fengdong Heat Treatment Company Qingdao 266108China

Chemical vapor deposition(CVD)using gaseous hydrocarbon sources has shown great promise for large-scale graphene growth,but high growth temperatures(typically 1000℃)require sophisticated and expensive equipment,which increases graphene production costs.Here,we demonstrate a new approach to produce graphene at low cost from scrap steel sheets treated by thermal evaporation of copper plating,which is a derivative of traditional CVD technology.Without additional carbon sources,graphene film was successfully prepared on copper-coated scrap steel sheets at 820℃.The resulting graphene has few defects and uniform morphology,comparable to CVD graphene grown at 1000℃.Finally,the obtained graphene film is used in combination with an interdigital electrode to detect NO_(2)successfully,showing excellent performance.This technology expands the application of graphene in the manufacture of gas sensing devices and is compatible with traditional microelectronics technology.

关键词： graphene reuse of scrap steel C atoms activation H_(2)etching copper catalysis gas sensing

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走向“超实践美学”——后理论时代中国当代美学建构的第三条道路

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广州大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第1期23卷 41-56页

作者：肖建华广州大学人文学院广东广州510006

实践美学重视以物质生产为中心的实践活动,而后实践美学则采取了一种“去实践化”的举动。实践美学和后实践美学共享着同一种有关实践的理念,即都对实践作了一种非哲学的、社会学化的、历史科学化的理解。20世纪西方的实践哲学和美学转... 详细信息

实践美学重视以物质生产为中心的实践活动,而后实践美学则采取了一种“去实践化”的举动。实践美学和后实践美学共享着同一种有关实践的理念,即都对实践作了一种非哲学的、社会学化的、历史科学化的理解。20世纪西方的实践哲学和美学转向提出了“审美在何种意义上是一种实践”这个大问题。审美可以是一种实践,但不是实践美学和后实践美学眼中的实践,而是一种奠基在源初的生活世界中的前反思性的现象学意义上的实践。“超实践”不是不要实践,而是回到一种带有原发性的、主客未分状态下的前反思性实践。超实践美学建立在一种崭新的“超实践”观的基础上,是后理论时代中国当代美学建构中出现的一种新的美学形态,是中国当代美学研究的第三条道路。

关键词：实践美学后实践美学实践超实践超实践美学

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A flexible artificial solid-electrolyte interlayer supported by compactness-tailored carbon nanotube network for dendrite-free lithium metal anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第6期31卷 421-427,I0012页

作者： Haowen Liu Jifang Zhang Yang Liu Yang Wei Shuaiyang Ren Ludi Pan Yi Su jianhua xiao Haiyan Fan Yitao Lin Yipeng Su Yuegang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

A dendrite-free lithium metal anode requires a stable interface designed for efficient and reversible lithium plating and stripping. In this work, we have devised a mechanically flexible artificial Li_(3)N solid-electrolyte interlayer supported by a dual-layer compactness-tailored carbon nanotube fiber network. The more compact side of the network ensures a full coverage of Li_(3)N, which prevents the reaction between electrolyte and lithium. The other side, with sparsely distributed nanotube fibers, provides mechanical flexibility for the film, and induces three-dimensional lithium deposition along its structure without any dendrite formation. The resulting full cell with NCM811 cathode has a high capacity retention of 95.1% for 160 cycles compared with less than 80% for the control.

关键词： Lithium metal anode Artificial SEI CNT network 3D deposition

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税收政策如何进一步引导居民消费潜力释放

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国际税收 2024年第5期 70-75页

作者：黄蕾肖建华江西财经大学会计学院江西财经大学财税与公共管理学院

居民消费率偏低是当前我国宏观经济中一个较为突出的问题,主要体现在居民消费能力不足与居民消费意愿不强两方面。税收政策作为促使经济持续回升向好的重要宏观调控工具之一,近年来在引导居民消费方面发挥了积极作用,但距离保持消费对... 详细信息

居民消费率偏低是当前我国宏观经济中一个较为突出的问题,主要体现在居民消费能力不足与居民消费意愿不强两方面。税收政策作为促使经济持续回升向好的重要宏观调控工具之一,近年来在引导居民消费方面发挥了积极作用,但距离保持消费对经济增长持续推进的目标而言,仍存在一定的提升空间。引导与激励居民消费的税收政策仍需从增强居民消费能力与改善居民消费意愿两方面入手,通过优化所得税制度和精准实施税收优惠政策,促使居民消费潜力进一步释放。

关键词：居民消费消费能力消费意愿税收政策减税降费

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