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From arc-continent collision to ocean closure: Lower Cretaceous Shamuluo Formation in the western segment of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, central Tibet

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 309-326页

作者： An-Bo Luo jian-Jun Fan Bo-Chuan zhang jian-zhen zhang Hang Li Meng-Long Duan College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangchun 130061China Hebei Institute of Regional Geological Survey Langfang 065000HebeiChina

One of most hotly debated topics concerning the Late Mesozoic evolution of Tethyan and the Tibetan Plateau is the timing of the closure of the Meso-Tethys ocean,which is represented by the Bangong-Nujiang suture *** Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Shamuluo Formation,which unconformably overlies the older Mugagangri Group accretionary complex,provides important information on the closure of the Meso-Tethys *** paper precisely confines the depositional age of the Shamuluo Formation in the western segment of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone,extending it from the Late Jurassic to the *** with the results of previous studies,we suggest that the Shamuluo Formation in the Awengco-Baerqiong region mainly contains a bathyal Berriasian-Hauterivian subunit and a shallow-marine Albian *** analysis indicates that the Berriasian-Hauterivian subunit was mainly derived from the Jurassic southern Qiangtang magmatic arc,while the Albian subunit was derived from the coeval volcanic rocks and the Upper Carboniferous-Upper Permian strata in the southern Qiangtang ***,the two subunits of the Shamuluo Formation have significant distinct sedimentary facies and provenances,indicating that they were deposited in different tectonic *** on the regional geological data,we suggest that the bathyal Berriasian-Hauterivian subunit and the shallow-marine Albian subunit of the Shamuluo Formation should be interpreted as a record of the oceanic arc-continent collision and the Lhasa-Qiangtang soft-collision,***,the closure time of the Meso-Tethys Ocean is at least limited to the Albian.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Meso-Tethys Ocean Shamuluo Formation Ocean closure Albian

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Chitinase 10 controls chitin amounts and organization in the wing cuticle of Drosophila

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Insect Science 2020年第6期27卷 1198-1207页

作者： Wei Dong Ying-Hao Gao Xu-Bo zhang Bernard Moussian jian-zhen zhang Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina College of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology University of TubingenTubingenGermany Universite Cote d'Azur CNRSInsermiBVParc ValroseNice CEDEX 2France

Wings are essential for insect fitness.A number of proteins and enzymes have been identified to be involved in wing terminal differentiation,which is characterized by the formation of the wing ***,we addressed the question whether chitinase 10(Cht10)may play an important role in chitin organization in the wings of the fruit fly Drosophila ***,we first found that Cht10 expression coincides with the expression of the chitin synthase coding gene *** suggests that the respective proteins may cooperate during wing *** tissue-specific RNA interference experiments,we demonstrate that suppression of Cht10 causes an excess in chitin amounts in the wing *** organization is severely disrupted in these *** on these data,we hypothesize that Cht10 restricts chitin amounts produced by Kkv in order to ensure normal chitin organization and wing cuticle *** addition,we found by scanning electron microscopy that Cht10 suppression also affects the cuticle *** turn,cuticle inward permeability is enhanced in Cht10 Aess ***,flies with reduced Cht 10 function are unable to *** conclusion,Cht10 is essential for wing terminal differentiation and function.

关键词： Cht10 chitin cuticle Drosophila melanogaster,Kkv wing

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Silencing of transcription factor E93 inhibits adult morphogenesis and disrupts cuticle, wing and ovary development in Locusta migratoria

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 333-343页

作者： Xiao-jian Liu Guo Jun Xiao-Yu Liang Xue-Yao zhang Ting-Ting zhang Wei-Min Liu jian-zhen zhang Min zhang Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina

Ecdysone-induced protein 93F(E93)plays important roles during the metamorphosis process in *** this study,a cDNA of the LmE93 gene was identified from the transcriptome of Locusta migratoria,which consists of the 3378-nucleotide open-reading frame(ORF)and encodes 1125 amino acids with helix–turn–helix(HTH)*** transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that LmE93 was highest expressed in *** LmE93 expression level was markedly low from the 3rd to 4th instar nymphs,and greatly increased in 1-day-old 5th instar nymphs with a peak on middle nymphal days,then declined in the late nymphal ***,injected dsLmE93 into 4th and 5th instar nymphs greatly reduced LmE93 transcripts,respectively,and prevented the process of metamorphosis,causing supernumerary nymphal ***–eosin staining of the integument showed that the apolysis occurred in advance in 4th instar nymphs,and old cuticle degradation was decreased in dsLmE93-injected locusts of 5th instar *** and no fully developed wings with reduced columns between the anterior and posterior regions were found in N6 and N7 supernumerary *** addition,the development of the ovary in dsLmE93-injected locusts was severely blocked,the yolk was almost not formed and there was no development of *** results indicated that LmE93 play key roles in the metamorphosis,cuticle,wing and ovarian development of locusts.

关键词： expression function Locusta migratoria RNA interference transcription factor E93

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MicroRNA-dependent development revealed by RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of LmDicerl in the migratory locust

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Insect Science 2013年第1期20卷 53-60页

作者： Yan-Li Wang Mei-Ling Yang Feng jiang jian-zhen zhang Le Kang Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are small noncoding RNAs, which participate in many biological processes. The small RNA transcriptome in the migratory locust has been characterized and 50 conserved miRNA families and 185 potential locust-specific miRNA family candidates have been identified using high-throughput sequencing. However, it is unclear whether miRNAs influence a wide variety of locusts＇ biological processes, such as growth or development. In insects, Dicerl ribonuclease transforms miRNA precursors into mature miRNAs. Thus, using systemic RNA interference （RNAi） to silence the expression of Dicer1 in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, we reduced miRNA contents in the locust and disrupted two types of molt （nymph-nymph, and nymph-adult）. The RNAi of LmDicerl also resulted in a high mortality in L. migratora. Our study revealed that LmDicerl was essential for miRNA regulation and development ofL. migratoria. These results further support our notion that LmDicerl could serve as an excellent target for developing novel strategies for controlling this important insect pest.

关键词： development dicerl Locusta migratoria microRNA

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Identification of LmUAP1 as a 20-hydroxyecdysone response gene in the chitin biosynthesis pathway from the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 211-221页

作者： Xiao-jian Liu Ya-Wen Sun Da-Qi Li Sheng Li En-Bo Ma[] jian-zhen zhang Research Institute of Applied Biology College of Life Science Shanxi University Taiyuan China Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

In Locusta migratoria, we found that two chitin biosynthesis genes, UDP N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase gene LmUAP1 and chitin synthase gene Lm- CHS1, are expressed mainly in the integument and are responsible for cuticle formation. However, whether these genes are regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone （20E） is still largely unclear. Here, we showed the developmental expression pattern ofLmUAP1, LmCHS1 and the corresponding 20E titer during the last instar nymph stage of locust. RNA interference （RNAi） directed toward a common region of the two isoforms of LmEcR （LmEcRcom） reduced the expression level of LmUAP1, while there was no difference in the expression of LmCHS1. Meantime, injection of 20E in vivo induced the expression of LmUAP1 but not LmCHS1. Further, we found injection-based RNAi of LmEcRcom resulted in 100% mortality. The locusts failed to molt with no apolysis, and maintained in the nymph stage until death. In conclusion, our preliminary results indicated that LmUAP1 in the chitin biosynthesis pathway is a 20E late-response gene and LmEcR plays an essential role in locust growth and development, which could be a good potential target for RNAi-based pest control.

关键词： chitin synthesis Locusta migratoria regulation RNA interference 20-hydroxyecdysone

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Analysis on Genetic Relationship of Oxya chinensis and Oxya japonica from Xuzhou and Pingshan, China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第2期5卷 116-122页

作者： zhang jian-zhen zhang Min GUO Ya-ping MA En-bo College of Life Science and Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R.China

Genetic relationship among Oxya chinensis populations and Oxya japonica populations collected from Xuzhou City, jiangsu Province and Pingshan County, Hebei Province, China were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） markers. A total of 125 DNA bands ranging from 200 to 2 200 bp were amplified by 10 random primers in DNA samples from 43 grasshopper individuals. One hundred and twenty-three （99%） of these bands were polymorphic. Shannon＇s index showed that the genetic, diversity within O. chinensis （0.3432） was higher than that of O. japonica （0.2781）. Nei＇s genetic distance between O. chinensis population and O. japonica population from the same area was less than that between populations from two different areas. The dendrogram based on Nei＇s genetic distance of RAPD markers was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with the arithmetic average （UPGMA） and Neighbor-Joining （NJ） methods. Cluster analysis indicated that all the individuals were grouped into two main clusters. O. chinensis populations from Xuzhou and Pingshan formed one cluster, and O. japonica populations from the two regions belonged to another cluster. The results demonstrated that RAPD can detect within species, and among closely related species. polymorphisms to distinguish minor difference among individuals

关键词： Oxya chinensis Oxya japonica random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic relationship

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Characteristics of Halloween genes and RNA interference-mediated functional analysis of LmCYP307a2 in Locusta migratoria

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 51-64页

作者： Xue-Yao zhang Qi-Hui He Ting-Ting zhang Hai-Hua Wu jian-zhen zhang En-Bo Ma Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxi030006China

Halloween genes are involved in the biosynthesis of the molting hormone, which plays a key role in insect ecdysis, development, metamorphosis, and reproduction. Our previous work identified five Halloween genes from Locusta migratoria, but their functions are currently unknown. In this study, the sequences of these five Halloween genes were analyzed and characterized. LmCYP307a2, LmCYP306a1, LmCYP302a1, and LmCYP315a1 were primarily expressed in the prothoracic glands, while LmCYP314a1 was universally expressed in peripheral tissues, especially in the ovaries and Malpighian tubules. All five Halloween genes were mainly expressed from the 5th to the 7th d in 5th-instar nymphs. RNA interference (RNAi) silencing of LmCYP307a2 resulted in severe molting delays and molting failure, which could be rescued by supplementary 20-hydroxyecdysone. A hematoxylin and eosin staining analysis suggested that the RNAi of LmCYP307a2 inhibited the ecdysis process by inhibiting the apolysis and degradation of the old cuticle, and by promoting the synthesis of a new cuticle. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expressions of LmE74, LmCht5, and LmCht10 were dramatically down-regulated, while that of LmChsI was substantially up-regulated, after knockdown of LmCYP307a2. The results suggest that LmCYP307a2 is related to the molt process via regulation of chitin synthesis and degradation.

关键词： Halloween genes Locusta migratoria RNAi silencing Spookier

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Lmlntegrinβ-PS is required for wing morphogenesis and development in Locusta migratoria

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Insect Science 2021年第3期28卷 705-717页

作者： Xiao-Ming Zhao Niu Niu Jia-Peng Yang Wei-Min Liu jian-zhen zhang Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina College of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina

Wings are an important flight organ of insects and their morphogenesis depends on a series of cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix *** as a transmembrane protein receptor mediates cell-to-cell adhesion,cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions and signal *** the present study,we characterized an integrin gene that encodes integrinβ-PS protein in Locusta ***β-PS is highly expressed in the wing pads and the middle stages of 5th instar ***-chemical analysis revealed that the Lmlntegrinβ-PS protein was localized at the cell base of the two layers of *** suppression of Lmlntegrinβ-PS by RNA interference,the wing pads or wings were unable to form normally,with a blister wing appearance during nymph to nymph transition and nymph to adult *** further found that the dorsal and ventral epidermis of the wings after dsLmlntegrinβ-PS injection were improperly connected and formed huge cavities revealed by hematoxylin and eosin ***,the morphology and structure of the wing cuticle was significantly disturbed which affected the stable arrangement and attachments of the wing ***,the expression of related cell adhesion genes was significantly decreased in LmIntegrinβ-PS-suppressed ***,suggesting that Lmlntegrinβ-PS is required for the morphogenesis and development of wings during molting by stabilizing cell adhesion and maintaining the cytoskeleton of these cells.

关键词： cell adhesion integrin Locusta migratoria RNAi wing development

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Characterization of Carboxylesterase Associated with Malathion Insensitivity in the Field Population of the Oriental Migratory Locust

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第5期7卷 591-598页

作者： YANG Mei-ling zhang jian-zhen zhang jian-qin GUO Ya-ping MA En-bo Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 P.R. China

Carboxylesterases （CarEs） from two field populations of the oriental migratory locust, Locusta migratoria manilensis （Meyen）, were examined to try to understand their contribution to malathion insensitivity. The CarEs activities in Wudi population （WD） were 1.75- and 1.50-fold significantly higher than those in Huangliu population （HL） when a-naphthyl acetate （a-NA） and [3-naphthyl acetate were used as substrates, respectively. Such elevated CarEs activities presented in the WD could be because of an increased staining intensity of the a-NA-hydrolyzing CarEs as shown on the nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Inhibition studies of CarEs using paraoxon and malaoxon indicated that CarE activities in the HL were more strongly inhibited than those in the WD. Furthermore, a 449-bp DNA fragment of CarE was obtained from L. migratoria manilensis. Hemiquantity reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that CarE gene expression level in the WD was higher than that in the HL. The higher CarE activities and the increased CarE mRNA level in the WD appeared to be associated with decreased susceptibility to malathion in the WD due to the application of organophosphorus insecticides.

关键词： carboxylesterases enzyme kinetics enzyme inhibition RT-PCR Locusta migratoria manilensis

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Flexible manipulation of Omb levels in the endogenous expression region of Drosophila wing by combinational overexpression and suppression strategy

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 14-21页

作者： Xu-Bo zhang Wei Dong Kai-Xia Li Juan-Juan Wang Jie Shen Bernard Moussian jian-zhen zhang Institute of Applied Biology College of Life ScienceShanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina Department of Entomology China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Applied Zoology Technical University DresdenZellescher Weg 20bDresdenGermany iBV University of Nice Sophia-AntipolisParc ValroseNiceFrance

Manipulating an exogenous or endogenous gene of interest at a defined level is critical for a wide variety of *** Gal4/UAS system has been widely used to direct gene expression for studying complex genetic and biological problems in Drosophila melanogaster and other model *** by a given tissue-specific Gal4,expressing UAS-transgene or UAS-RNAi(RNA interference)could be used to up-or down-regulate target gene expression,***,the efficiency of the Gal4/UAS system is roughly predefined by properties of transposon vector constructs and the insertion site in the transgenic ***,we describe a simple way to modulate optomotor blind(omb)expression levels in its endogenous expression region of the wing *** co-expressed UAS-omb and UAS-omb-RNAi together under the control of dpp-Gal4 driver which is expressed in the omb expression region of the wing *** repression effect is more sensitive to temperature than that of *** low temperature,overexpression plays a dominant role but the efficiency is attenuated by *** contrast,at high temperature RNAi predominates in gene expression *** this strategy,we could manipulate omb expression levels at a moderate *** allows us to manipulate omb expression levels in the same tissue between overexpression and repression at different stages by temperature control.

关键词： combinational expression Drosophila expression level Gal4/UAS system omb wing disc

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