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Coupling changes of soil functional gene abundances and extracellular enzyme activities across the diagnostic horizons of agricultural Isohumosols

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 540-552页

作者： Zhuxiu LIU Haidong GU Xiaojing HU Zhenhua YU Yansheng LI Junjie LIU jian jin Xiaobing LIU Guanghua WANG State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China)

Soil functional microbial taxa and extracellular enzymes are involved in a variety of biogeochemical cycling processes.Although many studies have revealed the vertical change patterns of microbial communities along soil profile,the general understanding of the coupling changes in the functional gene abundances(FGAs)and extracellular enzyme activities(EEAs)in soil profiles is still limited,which hinders us from revealing soil ecosystem processes.Herein,we comparatively investigated the FGAs and EEAs in the diagnostic A,B,and C horizons of soil profiles obtained from two suborders of Isohumosols(Mollisols),Ustic and Udic Isohumosols,in Northeast China based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and standard fluorometric techniques,respectively.The distribution patterns of both FGAs and EEAs significantly distinguished by the two soil suborders and were also separated from A to C horizon.Additionally,the variations of EEAs and FGAs were greater in Udic Isohumosols compared to Ustic Isohumosols along soil profiles,and greater changes were observed in C horizon than in A horizon.Both FGAs and EEAs correspondently decreased along the soil profiles.However,when normalized by soil organic carbon,the specific EEAs significantly increased in deep soil horizons,suggesting that microorganisms will input more resources to the production of enzymes to ensure microbial nutrient requirements under resource scarcity.More importantly,we revealed that soil microbial nutrient demands were limited by carbon(C)and phosphorus(P),and the C and P limitations significantly increased along soil profiles with a greater C limitation observed in Ustic Isohumosols than in Udic Isohumosols.Overall,our findings provided solid evidence showing the links between FGAs,EEAs,and microbial nutrient limitations,which would be helpful for a better understanding of the ecosystem processes in soil profiles.

关键词： ecoenzymatic stoichiometry microbial nutrient limitation microbial nutrient requirement Mollisols soil ecosystem process soil profile

Microbial Fertilizer: A Sustainable Strategy for Medicinal Plants Production

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1221-1236页

作者： Chuang Liu jing Xie Hao Liu Can Zhong Gen Pan Shuihan Zhang jian jin Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha410036China Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources Hunan Academy of Chinese MedicineChangsha410013China

Medicinal plants have aroused considerable interest as an alternative to chemical drugs due to the beneﬁcial effects of their active secondary metabolites.However,the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in pursuit of yield has caused serious pollution to the environment,which is not conducive to sustainable devel-opment in theﬁeld of medicinal plants.Microbial fertilizers are a type of“green fertilizer”containing speciﬁc microorganisms that can improve the soil microbial structure,enhance plant resistance to biological and abiotic stresses,and increase the yield of medicinal plants.The root exudates of medicinal plants attract different micro-organisms to the rhizosphere,which then migrate further to the plant tissues.These microbes can increase the levels of soil nutrients,and improve the physical and chemical properties of soil through nitrogenﬁxation,and phosphorus and potassium solubilization.In addition,soil microbes can promote the synthesis of hormones that increase plant growth and the accumulation of active compounds,eventually improving the quality of med-icinal plants.In 2022,the total value of the global microbial fertilizer market was$4.6 billion and is estimated to reach$10.36 billion by 2030.In this review,we have summarized the types of microbial fertilizers,the coloniza-tion and migration of microorganisms to plant tissues,and the beneﬁcial effects of microbial fertilizers.In addi-tion,the prospects of developing microbial fertilizers and their application for medicinal plants have also been discussed.It aims to provide a reference for the rational application of microbial fertilizers in theﬁeld of med-icinal plants and the green and sustainable development of medicinal plant resources.

关键词： Microbial fertilizers market overview rhizosphere microorganisms endophytic bacteria beneﬁcial effects

Effect of different anesthetic modalities with multimodal analgesia on postoperative pain level in colorectal tumor patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 364-371页

作者： Ji-Chun Tang Jia-Wei Ma jin-jin jian Jie Shen Liang-Liang Cao Department of Anesthesiology The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology People's Hospital of Aheqi CountyKizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture 843599Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Jiangnan University Medical CenterWuxi 214122Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Critical Care Medicine People's Hospital of Aheqi CountyKizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture843599Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND According to clinical data,a significant percentage of patients experience pain after surgery,highlighting the importance of alleviating postoperative pain.The current approach involves intravenous self-control analgesia,often utilizing opioid analgesics such as morphine,sufentanil,and fentanyl.Surgery for colo-rectal cancer typically involves general anesthesia.Therefore,optimizing anes-thetic management and postoperative analgesic programs can effectively reduce perioperative stress and enhance postoperative recovery.The study aims to analyze the impact of different anesthesia modalities with multimodal analgesia on patients'postoperative pain.AIM To explore the effects of different anesthesia methods coupled with multi-mode analgesia on postoperative pain in patients with colorectal cancer.METHODS Following the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,a total of 126 patients with colorectal cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were included,of which 63 received general anesthesia coupled with multi-mode labor pain and were set as the control group,and 63 received general anesthesia associated with epidural anesthesia coupled with multi-mode labor pain and were set as the research group.After data collection,the effects of postoperative analgesia,sedation,and recovery were compared.RESULTS Compared to the control group,the research group had shorter recovery times for orientation,extubation,eye-opening,and spontaneous respiration(P<0.05).The research group also showed lower Visual analog scale scores at 24 h and 48 h,higher Ramany scores at 6 h and 12 h,and improved cognitive function at 24 h,48 h,and 72 h(P<0.05).Additionally,interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels were significantly reduced at various time points in the research group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Levels of CD3+,CD4+,and CD4+/CD8+were also lower in the research group at multiple time points(P<0.05).CONCLUSION For patients with colorectal cancer,general anesthesia coupled with epidural anesthes

关键词： Multimodal analgesia Anesthesia Colorectal cancer Postoperative pain

Urban rail transit disruption management: Research progress and future directions

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 79-91页

作者： Lebing WANG jian Gang jin Lijun SUN Der-Horng LEE School of Naval Architecture Ocean&Civil Engineeringand State Key Laboratory of Ocean EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Civil Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQuebec H3A 0C3Canada ZJU-UIUC Institute Zhejiang UniversityHaining 314400China

Urban rail transit (URT) disruptions present considerable challenges due to several factors: i) a high probability of occurrence, arising from facility failures, disasters, and vandalism;ii) substantial negative effects, notably the delay of numerous passengers;iii) an escalating frequency, attributable to the gradual aging of facilities;and iv) severe penalties, including substantial fines for abnormal operation. This article systematically reviews URT disruption management literature from the past decade, categorizing it into pre-disruption and post-disruption measures. The pre-disruption research focuses on reducing the effects of disruptions through network analysis, passenger behavior analysis, resource allocation for protection and backup, and enhancing system resilience. Conversely, post-disruption research concentrates on restoring normal operations through train rescheduling and bus bridging services. The review reveals that while post-disruption strategies are thoroughly explored, pre-disruption research is predominantly analytical, with a scarcity of practical pre-emptive solutions. Moreover, future research should focus more on increasing the interchangeability of transport modes, reinforcing redundancy relationships between URT lines, and innovating post-disruption strategies.

关键词： urban rail transit disruption management resilient network train rescheduling bus bridging services

Concise Cascade Methods for Transgenic Rice Seed Discrimination using Spectral Phenotyping

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 564-580页

作者： jinnuo Zhang Xuping Feng jian jin Hui Fang Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Huzhou Institute of Zhejiang University HuzhouChina

Currently,the presence of genetically modified(GM)organisms in agro-food markets is strictly regulated by enacted legislation worldwide.It is essential to ensure the traceability of these transgenic products for food safety,consumer choice,environmental monitoring,market integrity,and scientific research.However,detecting the existence of GM organisms involves a combination of complex,time-consuming,and labor-intensive techniques requiring high-level professional skills.In this paper,a concise and rapid pipeline method to identify transgenic rice seeds was proposed on the basis of spectral imaging technologies and the deep learning approach.The composition of metabolome across 3 rice seed lines containing the cry1Ab/cry1Ac gene was compared and studied,substantiating the intrinsic variability induced by these GM traits.Results showed that near-infrared and terahertz spectra from different genotypes could reveal the regularity of GM metabolic variation.The established cascade deep learning model divided GM discrimination into 2 phases including variety classification and GM status identification.It could be found that terahertz absorption spectra contained more valuable features and achieved the highest accuracy of 97.04%for variety classification and 99.71%for GM status identification.Moreover,a modified guided backpropagation algorithm was proposed to select the task-specific characteristic wavelengths for further reducing the redundancy of the original spectra.The experimental validation of the cascade discriminant method in conjunction with spectroscopy confirmed its viability,simplicity,and effectiveness as a valuable tool for the detection of GM rice seeds.This approach also demonstrated its great potential in distilling crucial features for expedited transgenic risk assessment.

关键词： fir simplicity consuming

Rice domestication-associated transcription factor PROSTRATE GROWTH 1 controls plant and panicle architecture by regulating the expression of LAZY 1 and OsGIGANTEA,respectively

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Molecular Plant 2023年第9期16卷 1413-1426页

作者： Jun Wang jing Huang jinlin Bao Xizhi Li Liang Zhu jian jin State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Plant architecture and panicle architecture are two critical agronomic traits that greatly affect the yield of rice(Oryza sativa).PROSTRATE GROWTH 1(PROG1)encodes a key C2H2-type zinc-finger transcription factor and has pleiotropic effects on the regulation of both plant and panicle architecture,thereby influencing the grain yield.However,the molecular mechanisms through which PROG1 controls plant and panicle architecture remain unclear.In this study,we showed that PROG1 directly binds the LAZY 1(LA1)promoter and acts as a repressor to inhibit LA1 expression.Conversely,LA1 acts as a repressor of PROG1 by directly binding to the PROG1 promoter.These two genes play antagonistic roles in shaping plant architecture by regulating both tiller angle and tiller number.Interestingly,our data showed that PROG1 controls panicle architecture through direct binding to the intragenic regulatory regions of OsGIGANTEA(OsGI)and subsequent activation of its expression.Collectively,we have identified two crucial targets of PROG1,LA1 and OsGI,shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying plant and panicle architecture control by PROG1.Our study provides valuable insights into the regulation of key domestication-related traits in rice and identifies potential targets for future high-yield rice breeding.

关键词： PROG1 LA1 OsGI plant architecture panicle architecture

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试论九连墩2号楚墓发现的晋式铜器

江汉考古 2024年第1期 82-86,128页

作者：靳健山西大学考古文博学院山西太原030006

九连墩2号楚墓发现的一组晋式铜器,有学者认为其产地在晋地或中国北方黄土地区。笔者通过分析这一组铜器的形制、纹饰风格、制作技术特点,认为这一组铜器的工艺特点和细节处理与楚系铜器相近,而与典型的晋系铜器有较大差别,其应当是掌... 详细信息

九连墩2号楚墓发现的一组晋式铜器,有学者认为其产地在晋地或中国北方黄土地区。笔者通过分析这一组铜器的形制、纹饰风格、制作技术特点,认为这一组铜器的工艺特点和细节处理与楚系铜器相近,而与典型的晋系铜器有较大差别,其应当是掌握楚系铜器制作技术的工匠模仿晋系铜器生产的。

关键词：九连墩2号墓晋式铜器仿制品产地

Ionic strength directed self-assembled polyelectrolyte single-bilayer membrane for low-pressure nanofiltration

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 699-708页

作者： Feng Zhang Lu Tan Li Gong Shuqi Liu Wangxi Fang Zhenggong Wang Shoujian Gao jian jin College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science&Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China i-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China

Layer-by-layer assembly is a versatile technique for fabricating nanofiltration membranes,where multiple layers of polyelectrolytes are usually required to achieve reasonable separation performance.In this work,an ionic strength directed self-assembly procedure is described for the preparation of nanofiltration membranes consisting of only a single bilayer of poly(diallyldimethylammoniumchloride)and poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfoate).The influence of background ionic strength as well as membrane substrate properties on the formation of singlebilayer membranes are systematically evaluated.Such a simplified polyelectrolyte deposition procedure results in membranes having outstanding separation performance with permeating flux of 14.21.5 L∙m^(–2)∙h^(-1)∙bar^(–1) and Na2SO4 rejection of 97.1%0.8%under a low applied pressure of 1 bar.These results surpass the ones for conventional multilayered polyelectrolyte membranes.This work encompasses an investigation of ionic strength induced coiling of the polyelectrolyte chains and emphasizes the interplay between-polyelectrolyte chain configuration and substrate pore profile.It thus introduces a new concept on the control of membrane fabrication process toward high performance nanofiltration.

关键词： layer-by-layer self-assembly single bilayer nanofiltration membrane desalination

mTORC1 induces plasma membrane depolarization and promotes preosteoblast senescence by regulating the sodium channel Scn1a

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Bone Research 2022年第2期10卷 394-408页

作者： Ajuan Chen jian jin Shasha Cheng Zezheng Liu Cheng Yang Qingjing Chen Wenquan Liang Kai Li Dawei Kang Zhicong Ouyang Chenfeng Yao Xiaochun Bai Qingchu Li Dadi jin Bin Huang Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong ProvinceGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesDepartment of Spine SurgeryThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Spine Surgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Clinical Laboratory The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical ScienceSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

Senescence impairs preosteoblast expansion and differentiation into functional osteoblasts,blunts their responses to bone formation-stimulating factors and stimulates their secretion of osteoclast-activating factors.Due to these adverse effects,preosteoblast senescence is a crucial target for the treatment of age-related bone loss;however,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.We found that mTORC1 accelerated preosteoblast senescence in vitro and in a mouse model.Mechanistically,mTORC1 induced a change in the membrane potential from polarization to depolarization,thus promoting cell senescence by increasing Ca^(2+)influx and activating downstream NFAT/ATF3/p53 signaling.We further identified the sodium channel Scn1a as a mediator of membrane depolarization in senescent ***1a expression was found to be positively regulated by mTORC1 upstream of C/EBPα,whereas its permeability to Na^(+)was found to be gated by protein kinase A(PKA)-induced phosphorylation.Prosenescent stresses increased the permeability of Scn1a to Na^(+)by suppressing PKA activity and induced depolarization in preosteoblasts.Together,our findings identify a novel pathway involving mTORC1,Scn1a expression and gating,plasma membrane depolarization,increased Ca^(2+)influx and NFAT/ATF3/p53 signaling in the regulation of preosteoblast senescence.Pharmaceutical studies of the related pathways and agents might lead to novel potential treatments for agerelated bone loss.

关键词： depolarization mTORC1 treatment