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Absorption and recovery of n-hexane in aqueous solutions of fluorocarbon surfactants

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第11期27卷 163-171页

作者： Xiao Xiao Bo Yan jiamo fu Xianming Xiao State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

n-Hexane is widely used in industrial production as an organic solvent. As an industrial exhaust gas, the contribution of n-hexane to air pollution and damage to human health are attracting increasing attention. In the present study, aqueous solutions of two fluorocarbon surfactants（FSN100 and FSO100） were investigated for their properties of solubilization and dynamic absorption of n-hexane, as well as their capacity for regeneration and n-hexane recovery by thermal distillation. The results show that the two fluorocarbon surfactants enhance dissolution and absorption of n-hexane, and their effectiveness is closely related to their concentrations in solution. For low concentration solutions（0.01%–0.30%）, the partition coefficient decreases dramatically and the saturation capacity increases significantly with increasing concentration, but the changes for both are more modest when the concentration is over 0.30%. The FSO100 solution presents a smaller partition coefficient and a greater saturation capacity than the FSN100 solution at the same concentration,indicating a stronger solubilization for n-hexane. Thermal distillation is a feasible method to recover n-hexane from these absorption solutions, and to regenerate them. With 90 sec heating at 80–85°C, the recovery of n-hexane ranges between 81% and 85%, and the regenerated absorption solution maintains its original performance during reuse. This study provides basic information on two fluorocarbon surfactants for application in the treatment of industrial n-hexane waste gases.

关键词： Fluorocarbon surfactant n-Hexane Absorption Recovery Regeneration

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Sequential extraction and compositional analysis of oil-bearing fluid inclusions in reservoir rocks from Kuche Depression, Tarim Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第S1期45卷 60-66页

作者： PAN Changchun fu jiamo SHENG Guoying Stale Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

The free oils, adsorbed oils and oil-bearing fluid inclusions have been extracted separately and analyzed by GC and GC-MS in reservoir rock samples collected from the Kuche Depression. The results demonstrate that the molecular compositions of oil-bearing fluid inclusions are significantly different from those of the free oils (the current oils). Compared with the current oil, the oil-bearing fluid inclusions are characterized by relatively high values of parameters Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18, low values of Pr/Ph, hopanes/steranes, C30-diahopane/C30-hopane and Ts/Tm, low content of C29Ts terpane and high maturities as indicated by C29 steranes 20S/(20R+20S). In addition, the oil-bearing fluid inclusions correlate very well with the oils in northern and central Tarim Basin, which were derived from Cambrian-Ordovician marine source rocks. The adsorbed oils appear to be an intermediate type between free oils and oil-bearing fluid inclusions. The above analytical data indicate that there are at least two

关键词： oil-bearing fluid inclusions adsorbed oils sequential extraction Kuche depression Tarim Basin.

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Geochemical study and significance of sequential extraction in reservoir rocks of Turpan-Hamin Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第S1期49卷 32-38页

作者： YU Linping PAN Changchun fu jiamo State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Seven samples collected from the Turpan-Hamin Basin were treated by sequential extraction method. Analytical results indicate that the free oils, inclusion oils (oil-bearing fluid inclusions) and clay-adsorbed oils vary significantly. The geochemical characteristics of inclusion and clay-adsorbed oils correlate well with the lacustrine mudstones. The characteristics are as follows: (i) with higher Ph/nC18 ratio and lower Pr/Ph ratio; (ii) with higher values of C26 tricyclic/C24 tetracyclic terpane, C23 tricyclic ter-pane/(C23 tricyclic terpane+C3017α(H) hopane), C21/(C21+C29) sterane, Ts/Tm and C29Ts/C29l7α(H) norhopane and lower value of C19/C21 tricyclic terpane; (iii) with relatively high content of C27 and C28 sterane and lower abundance of C29 sterane and diasterane. They indicate that the early charged oils are derived from the pre-Jurassic lacustrine mudstones and the later charged oils are from the Jurassic coal-bearing strata or coals.

关键词： Turpan-Hamin Basin sequential extraction free oils oil-bearing fluid inclusions clay-adsorbed oils.

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The carbon isotope study of biomarkers in the Maoming and the Jianghan tertiary oil shale

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第S1期45卷 90-96页

作者： Zhiqiang Yu Ping’an Peng Guoying Sheng jiamo fu Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem State Key Lab Organ Geochem Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China

In terms of the individual carbon isotope data of biomarkers present in the typical freshwater lake sediment (Maoming oil shale) and saline lake sediment lake (Jianghan oil shale) of China, this paper discusses their precursors and depositional environments of biomarkers in both sediment samples. Our studies showed that phytane and pristane of the Maoming oil shale were derived from the phytol side chain of chlorophyll a. By comparing the isotopic composition of 4-methyl sterane with that of sterane and hopane, it is suggested that 4-methyl sterane which has a higher abundance in the Maoming oil shale come from bacteria. The isotopic composition of biomarkers from the Jianghan rock sample (saline lake sediment) is significantly different from that of the Maoming oil shale (freshwater lake sediment). Gammacerane was derived from haloprotozoan, with δ13C being about -25.8‰, just in consistency with the value reported in previous studies. The isotopic composition of phytane and pristane in the Jianghan

关键词： biomarker depositional environment carbon isotope.

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Precambrian organic matter

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第4期45卷 295-304页

作者： Chao Li Ping’an Peng Guoying Sheng jiamo fu Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem Canton 510640 Peoples R China

The late progress of the research on Precambrian organic matter in biomarkers, isotopes and relative analytical techniques is reviewed. The key problems in the research of Precambrian organic matter, such as indigenous test of soluble organic matter, are also discussed. At the end, the further work upon Precambrian organic matter is suggested.

关键词： Precambrian organic matter biomarkers stable carbon isotope kerogen degradation indigenous test.

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Immature crude oils in the salt lake depositional environment are related to organic matter precipitated at stage of carbonate in salt lake sedimentation sequences

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第S1期45卷 1-6页

作者： PENG Ping’an SHENG Guoying fu jiamo JIANG Jiagang National Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Institute of Petroleum Research and Development Jianghan Oil FieldHubei 433123China

The present paper studies the mineralogy and geochemistry of a geological section in Jianghan basin. Widely distributed immature oils in this basin have been shown to relate to the carbonate depositional stage of salt lake sedimentation cycle. It is concluded that only when the content of organic carbon in the rocks is taken into account, is it meaningful to calculate the immature oil in the source rocks.

关键词： depositional environment of salt lake immature crude oils biological markers compound specific carbon isotope composition.

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Levels of synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from three cities in the Yangtze River Delta in Eastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期23卷 983-990页

作者： Xiaolan Zhang Gaofeng Liang Xiangying Zeng Jing Zhou Guoying Sheng jiamo fu Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

Synthetic musks are used as additives in many household *** absorption into the human body,they accumulate and their concentrations in human milk reflect both the mother and her infant＇s exposure *** of four synthetic musks,musk xylene（1-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene,MX）,musk ketone（4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitroacetophenone,MK）,1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[γ]-2-benzopyran（HHCB） and 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4tetrahydronaphthalene（AHTN）,were determined in human milk samples collected from Shanghai,Wuxi,and Shaoxing in Eastern *** four synthetic musks were found in most samples analyzed,with HHCB the dominant component followed by *** median（mean） values for HHCB,AHTN,MX and MK concentrations were 63（82）,5（12）,17（24） and 4（9） ng/g lipid weight,*** data suggested the total synthetic musk contamination was low,and the distribution percentage was HHCB 〉 MX 〉 AHTN ≈ *** relative high ratio of nitro to polycylic musk indicated that nitro musks were still widely *** musk concentrations in these cities were not significantly different from each other（p 〉 0.05）.Principal components score plots were obtained,which showed similar exposure *** amount of total synthetic musks in human milk were not associated with mother＇s age,although HHCB was significantly correlated with AHTN（p 〈 0.05）.Daily ingestion of HHCB,AHTN,MX and MK for infants from human milk were estimated as（2526 ± 2926）,（370 ± 524）,（7391 ± 832）,and（277 ± 462） ng/day,*** doses were 1-2 orders of magnitude below the provisional tolerable daily intakes.

关键词： synthetic musks human milk exposure of infant

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Polychlorinated biphenyls in the atmosphere of Taizhou,a major e-waste dismantling area in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第4期22卷 589-597页

作者： Wenliang Han Jialiang Feng Zeping Gu Minghong Wu Guoying Sheng jiamo fu Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

PM2.5, total suspended particles （TSP） and gas phase samples were collected at two sites of Talzhou, a major e-waste dismantling area in China. Concentrations, seasonal variations, congener profiles, gas-particle partitioning and size distribution of the atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） were studied to assess the current state of atmospheric PCBs after the phase out of massive historical dismantling of PCBs containing e-wastes. The average ∑38PCBs concentration in the ambient air （TSP plus gas phase） near the e-waste dismantling area was （12,407 ± 9592） pg/m^3 in winter, which was substantially lower than that found one decade ago. However, the atmospheric PCBs level near the e-waste dismantling area was 54 times of the reference urban site, indicating that the impact of the historical dismantling of PCBs containing e-wastes was still significant. Tri-Penta-CBs were dominant homologues, consisting with their dominant global production. Size distribution of particle-bound PCBs showed that higher chlorinated CBs tended to partition more to the fine particles, facilitating its long range air transportation.

关键词： polychlorinated biphenyls e-waste PM2.5 total suspended particles Talzhou

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Sedimentary records of black carbon in the sea area of the Nansha Islands since the last glaciation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第17期45卷 1594-1598页

作者： Guodong Jia Ping’an Peng Guoying Sheng jiamo fu Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem Canton 510640 Peoples R China

Core 17962 taken from the sea area of the Nansha Islands recorded a sedimentary history of more than 30 000 years. The black carbon data from the core, which can inform us of the history of vegetation fires, show that during the last glaciation, especially during the last glacial maximum at about 18 kaBP, the fluctuation of the concentration and accumulation rate of the black carbon was relatively great, whereas it was small during the Holocene. The isotope composition of the black carbon indicates that the precursors of black carbon were mainly grasses from the last glaciation to the Holocene. The sub-alpine and alpine vegetation zones covered mainly with grass and bush on the lands around the southern South China Sea were probably the sources of black carbon. The altitudinal vegetation changes from the last glaciation to the Holocene gave rise to the changes of the sedimentary characteristics of black carbon.

关键词： sea area of the Nansha Islands black carbon paleoclimate.

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Optimization of an in vitro method to measure the bioaccessibility of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in dust using response surface methodology

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1738-1746页

作者： Yingxin Yu Yuping Pang Xinyu Zhang Chen Li Zhiqiang Yu jiamo fu State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China

To more reasonably evaluate human intake of PBDEs via dust ingestion, bioaccessibility should be taken into account. Previously, we developed an in vitro method to determine the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in food. Here, this method was adapted to determine the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in dust and the digestion conditions that influenced the bioaccessibility of PBDEs were optimized. The digestion conditions included the incubation time of dust in the intestinal digestion solution （T）, the bile concentration in the intestinal digestion solution （Chile）, and the ratio of the volume of the intestinal digestion solution to dust （R）. The influence of the concentrations of individual PBDE congeners （CpBDE） on the bioaccessibility of PBDEs was also investigated. Cetral composite design was used to build an experimental model and set experimental parameters, and response surface methodology was used to analyze the obtained data. The results showed that the bioaccessibility of PBDEs increased with the increases of Chile and R, and was independent of T and CpSDE. Under the digestion conditions with Chile and R being at 4.0-7.0 g/L and 150-250, respectively, the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in the method-dust varied from 39.2% to 72.8%, which were comparable with the bioaccessibility or bioavailability of PBDEs in dust/soil in the literature. Thus, the in vitro method to measure the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in dust was established and validated. Finally, the bioaccessibility of PBDEs in four natural dust samples, which ranged from 36.1% to 43.3%, were determined using the adapted method.

关键词： bioaccessibility polybrominated diphenyl ethers dust response surface methodology in vitro test

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