Levels of synthetic musk fragrances in human milk from three cities in the Yangtze River Delta in Eastern China

作     者：Xiaolan Zhang Gaofeng Liang Xiangying Zeng Jing Zhou Guoying Sheng Jiamo Fu 

作者机构：Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 (环境科学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2011年第23卷第6期

页      面：983-990页

核心收录：

学科分类：081702[工学-化学工艺] 081803[工学-地质工程] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术] 0818[工学-地质资源与地质工程] 

基　　金：supported by the National Basic Research Program(973) of China(No.2008CB418200) the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 40872204) the Key Subject of Shanghai Municipality (No.S30109) 

主　　题：synthetic musks human milk exposure of infant 

摘      要：Synthetic musks are used as additives in many household *** absorption into the human body,they accumulate and their concentrations in human milk reflect both the mother and her infant＇s exposure *** of four synthetic musks,musk xylene（1-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene,MX）,musk ketone（4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitroacetophenone,MK）,1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[γ]-2-benzopyran（HHCB） and 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4tetrahydronaphthalene（AHTN）,were determined in human milk samples collected from Shanghai,Wuxi,and Shaoxing in Eastern *** four synthetic musks were found in most samples analyzed,with HHCB the dominant component followed by *** median（mean） values for HHCB,AHTN,MX and MK concentrations were 63（82）,5（12）,17（24） and 4（9） ng/g lipid weight,*** data suggested the total synthetic musk contamination was low,and the distribution percentage was HHCB 〉 MX 〉 AHTN ≈ *** relative high ratio of nitro to polycylic musk indicated that nitro musks were still widely *** musk concentrations in these cities were not significantly different from each other（p 〉 0.05）.Principal components score plots were obtained,which showed similar exposure *** amount of total synthetic musks in human milk were not associated with mother＇s age,although HHCB was significantly correlated with AHTN（p 〈 0.05）.Daily ingestion of HHCB,AHTN,MX and MK for infants from human milk were estimated as（2526 ± 2926）,（370 ± 524）,（7391 ± 832）,and（277 ± 462） ng/day,*** doses were 1-2 orders of magnitude below the provisional tolerable daily intakes.