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Gas-phase synthesis of Ti_(2)CCl_(2) enables an efficient catalyst for lithiumsulfur batteries

The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 33-40页

作者： Maoqiao Xiang Zihan Shen Jie Zheng Miao Song Qiya He Yafeng Yang Jiuyi Zhu Yuqi Geng Fen Yue Qinghua Dong Yu Ge Rui Wang jiake wei weiliang Wang Haiming Huang Huigang Zhang Qingshan Zhu Chuanfang John Zhang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. Ltd.117 West Third Ring RoadNorth SectionBeijing 100840China College of Materials Science&Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China School of Physics Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and TechnologyCenter for Neutron Science and TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Solid State Physics&Material Research Laboratory School of Physics and Materials ScienceGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

MXenes have aroused intensive enthusiasm because of their exotic properties and promising applications.However,to date,they are usually synthesized by etching technologies.Developing synthetic technologies provides more opportunities for innovation and may extend unexplored applications.Here,we report a bottom-up gas-phase synthesis of Cl-terminated MXene(Ti_(2)CCl_(2)).The gas-phase synthesis endows Ti_(2)CCl_(2) with unique surface chemistry,high phase purity,and excellent metallic conductivity,which can be used to accelerate polysulfide conversion kinetics and dramatically prolong the cyclability of Li-S batteries.In-depth mechanistic analysis deciphers the origin of the formation of Ti_(2)CCl_(2) and offers a paradigm for tuning MXene chemical vapor deposition.In brief,the gas-phase synthesis transforms the synthesis of MXenes and unlocks the hardly achieved potentials of MXenes.

关键词： synthesis phase lithium

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Electrochemical solid-state amorphization in the immiscible Cu-Li system

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Science Bulletin 2018年第18期63卷 1208-1214页

作者： Muhua Sun jiake wei Zhi Xu Qianming Huang Yu Zhao Wenlong Wang Xuedong Bai Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

As a typical immiscible binary system, copper (Cu) and lithium (Li) show no alloying and chemical intermixing under normal circumstances. Here we show that, when decreasing Cu nanoparticle sizes into ultrasmall range, the nanoscale size effect can play a subtle yet critical role in mediating the chemical activity of Cu and therefore its miscibility with Li, such that the electrochemical alloying and solidstate amorphization will occur in such an immiscible system. This unusual observation was accomplished by performing in-situ studies of the electrochemical lithiation processes of individual CuO nanowires inside a transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Upon lithiation, CuO nanowires are first electrochemically reduced to form discrete ultrasmall Cu nanocrystals that, unexpectedly, can in turn undergo further electrochemical lithiation to form amorphous Cu Lixnanoalloys. Real-time TEM imaging unveils that there is a critical grain size (ca. 6 nm), below which the nanocrystalline Cu particles can be continuously lithiated and amorphized. The possibility that the observed solid-state amorphization of Cu-Li might be induced by electron beam irradiation effect can be explicitly ruled out; on the contrary, it was found that electron beam irradiation will lead to the dealloying of as-formed amorphous Cu Lixnanoalloys.

关键词：电气化学混合系统固态电子显微镜 CuO 可混和性非结晶

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3D graphene foam-supported cobalt phosphate and borate electrocatalysts for high-efficiency water oxidation

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科学通报：英文版 2015年第16期60卷 1426-1433页

作者： Min Zeng Hao Wang Chong Zhao jiake wei Wenlong Wang Xuedong Bai Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The cobalt phosphate-/cobalt borate-based oxygen-evolving catalysts(OECs) are the important class of earth-abundant electrocatalysts that can operate with high activity for water splitting under benign conditions.This article reports the integration of cobalt phosphate(CoPi) and cobalt borate(Co-Bi) OECs with three-dimensional(3D) graphene foam(GF) for the electrocatalytic water oxidation reaction. The GF showed a unique advantage to serve as a highly conductive 3D support with large capacity for anchoring and loading Co-OECs, thereby facilitating mass and charge transfer due to the large amount of active sites provided by the 3D graphene scaffold. As a result, this integrated system of GF and Co-OECs exhibits synergistically enhanced catalytic activity. The overpotential(g) of Co-Pi and Co-Bi/graphene catalysts is about 0.390 and0.315 V in neutral solutions, respectively. Besides, the integrated Co-OECs/graphene catalysts have also exhibited improved and stable oxygen evolution catalytic ability in alkaline solution.

关键词：磷酸盐催化剂氧化钴硼酸盐分解水石墨三维泡沫嗅鞘细胞

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Towards the controlled CVD growth of graphitic B-C-N atomic layer films： The key role of B-C delivery molecular precursor

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1221-1235页

作者： Hao Wang Chong Zhao Lei Liu Zhi Xu jiake wei Wenlong Wang Xuedong Bai Enge Wang In ternational Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 China

Graphene-like, ternary system B-C-N atomic layer materials promise highly tunable electronic properties and a plethora of potential applications. However, thus far, experimental synthesis of the B-C-N atomic layers normally yields a microscopic phase-segregated structure consisting of pure C and BN domains. Further, growing the truly ternary B-C-N phase layers with homogenous atomic arrangements has proven to be very challenging. Here, in designing a better- controlled process for the chemical vapor deposition （CVD） growth of B-C-N atomic layer films with the minimized C and BN phase segregation, we selected trimethyl borane （TMB）, a gaseous organoboron compound with pre-existing B--C bonds, as the molecular precursor to react with ammonia （NH3） gas that serves as the nitrification agent. The use of this unique B-C delivery precursor allows for the successful synthesis of high-quality and large-area B-C-N atomic layer films. Moreover, the TMB/NH3 reactant combination can offer a high level of tunability and control of the overall chemical composition of B-C-N atomic layers by regulating the relative partial pressure of two gaseous reactants. Electrical transport measurements show that a finite energy gap can be opened in the as-grown B-C-N atomic layers and its tunability is essentially dependent on the relative C to BN atomic compositions. On the basis of carefully controlled experiments, we show that the pre-existing B-C bonds in the TMB molecular precursor have played a crucial role in effectively reducing the C and BN phase segregation problem, thereby facilitating the formation of truly ternary B-C-N phase atomic layers.

关键词： graphitic B-C-N atomic layer,chemical vapor deposition,B-C delivery precursor,minimized phase segregation

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In-situ TEM study of the dynamic behavior of the graphene-metal interface evolution under Joule heating

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2016年第7期59卷 1080-1084页

作者： wei jiake XU Zhi WANG Hao WANG WenLong BAI XueDong Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Collaborative Innovatton Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 China

The dynamic behavior of the interface between few layer graphene(FLG) and tungsten metal tips under Joule heating has been studied by in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM) method. High-resolution and real-time observations show the tungsten tip ‘swallow' carbon atoms of the FLG and ‘spit' graphite shells at its surface. The tip was carbonized to tungsten carbide(WC, W_2 C and WC_x) after this process. A carbon diffusion mechanism has been proposed based on the diffusion of carbon atoms through the tungsten tip and separation from the surface of the tip. After Joule heating, the initial FLG-metal mechanical contact was transformed to FLG-WCx-W contact, which results in significant improvement on electrical conductivity at the interface.

关键词：原位透射电镜金属界面焦耳加热动态行为石墨透射电子显微镜演化扩散机制

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Filament growth dynamics in solid electrolyte-based resistive memories revealed by in situ TEM

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Nano Research 2014年第7期7卷 1065-1072页

作者： Xuezeng Tian Lifen Wang jiake wei Shize Yang Wenlong Wang Zhi Xu Xuedong Bai Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 7 O0190 China

底抵抗的记忆被考虑了是有在非不稳定的存储器，逻辑电路和 neuromorphic 计算的应用程序的未来信息技术的一个潜在的候选人的稳固的电解质。一个传导性的细丝模型通常被接受了是为抵抗切换的内在的机制。然而，如此的传导性的细丝的生... 详细信息

底抵抗的记忆被考虑了是有在非不稳定的存储器，逻辑电路和 neuromorphic 计算的应用程序的未来信息技术的一个潜在的候选人的稳固的电解质。一个传导性的细丝模型通常被接受了是为抵抗切换的内在的机制。然而，如此的传导性的细丝的生长动力学仍然不充分被理解。这里，我们与电场分发和几个另外的因素由细丝生长的相关观察探索细丝生长的可控制性。细丝生长行为被记录了在 situ 传播电子显微镜学使用。由学习即时记录细丝生长行为和形态学，我们能根据我们的观察模仿电场分发。另外的因素也被显示了影响细丝生长，例如加热的朱尔和电解质基础结构。这个工作提供卓见进进 nanoionic 的进一步的功能的传导性的细丝和愿望帮助指南研究的可控制的生长抵抗记忆。

关键词：原位透射电镜固体电解质电阻丝非易失性存储器生长动力学记忆质型神经形态

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Real-time in situ TEM studying the fading mechanism of tin dioxide nanowire electrodes in lithium ion batteries

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2013年第11期56卷 2630-2635页

作者： WANG LiFen XU Zhi YANG ShiZe TIAN XueZeng wei jiake WANG WenLong BAI XueDong Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

在锂离子电池的电极很吸引了的锡二氧化物(SnO2 ) 的褪色的机制注意，它为电池应用很重要。在这份报纸，单个 SnO2 nanowires 的电气化学的 lithiation-delithiation 周期在高分辨率的传播电子显微镜学(TEM ) 在 situ 被进行。在有 SnO2... 详细信息

在锂离子电池的电极很吸引了的锡二氧化物(SnO2 ) 的褪色的机制注意，它为电池应用很重要。在这份报纸，单个 SnO2 nanowires 的电气化学的 lithiation-delithiation 周期在高分辨率的传播电子显微镜学(TEM ) 在 situ 被进行。在有 SnO2 nanowire 电极上的 170%300% 的扩大的体积的主要变化在电气化学的骑车在第一 lithiation 进程期间被观察，包括到 Li2O 矩阵和活跃的锂的 SnO2 先锋的变换反应与李一起招待 Sn 的 Sn，和 alloying 形成易碎的 Li-Sn 合金。SnO2 nanowire 电极被使倾向在开始的二个周期受不了热逃走的状况。在骑车期间，形态学和 SnO2 nanowire 电极的作文进化被记录。电极的周期的 lithiation 和 delithiation 表明了在 Li13Sn5 和 Sn 之间的阶段转变。金属性的 Sn 簇被形成，他们与增加扩大的尺寸骑车乘。Sn 簇的有害聚集在 SnO2 nanowire 电极引起了弄成粉，它为电子和锂离子打破了传导和运输路径。在 situ TEM 即时揭示褪色的机制在锂离子电池为 SnO2 nanowire 电极的可行设计提供重要指南。

关键词：锂离子电池原位透射电镜二氧化锡衰减机理纳米线线电极实时透射电子显微镜

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Recent development of studies on the mechanism of resistive memories in several metal oxides

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第12期56卷 2361-2369页

作者： TIAN XueZeng WANG LiFen LI XiaoMin wei jiake YANG ShiZe XU Zhi WANG WenLong BAI XueDong Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Resistive switching random access memories(RRAM)have been considered to be promising for future information technology with applications for non-volatile memory,logic circuits and neuromorphic computing.Key performances of those resistive devices are approaching the realistic levels for production.In this paper,we review the progress of valence change type memories,including relevant work reported by our group.Both electrode engineering and in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)high-resolution observation have been implemented to reveal the influence of migration of oxygen anions/vacancies on the resistive switching effect.The understanding of resistive memory mechanism is significantly important for device applications.

关键词：记忆机制电阻式金属氧化物非易失性存储器随机存取存储器透射电子显微镜机理器件应用

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矩镰荚苜蓿越冬期地下芽的组织化学特征与分化规律

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草业科学 2022年第2期39卷 300-308页

作者：杨小霞魏甲科夏建强方强恩张勃甘肃农业大学草业学院甘肃兰州730070

为了揭示矩镰荚苜蓿(Medicago archiducis-nicolai)地下芽越冬机理,采用石蜡切片法,通过组织化学染色,跟踪观测了该植物在自然越冬过程中地下芽的组织化学特征与分化过程。结果显示:在越冬期,地下芽内淀粉粒主要贮存在芽体皮层、髓部、... 详细信息

为了揭示矩镰荚苜蓿(Medicago archiducis-nicolai)地下芽越冬机理,采用石蜡切片法,通过组织化学染色,跟踪观测了该植物在自然越冬过程中地下芽的组织化学特征与分化过程。结果显示:在越冬期,地下芽内淀粉粒主要贮存在芽体皮层、髓部、芽尖外围幼叶、芽尖基层组织和叶原基底部,蛋白质主要贮存在芽尖生长锥、叶原基顶部和芽体形成层;秋末冷适应期,地下芽芽体快速伸长,芽内淀粉粒开始急速降解,但与其他时期相比,淀粉总含量仍处较高水平;进入初冬期后,随气温的下降,芽分化与伸长生长开始减慢,到隆冬冻胁迫期,芽锥和芽体生长停止,芽内淀粉几乎全部降解;之后随气温回升,芽体开始恢复生长,但芽锥分生生长直至返青期才开始恢复。分析表明,矩镰荚苜蓿越冬期间地下芽生长停滞和芽内淀粉粒含量降低是其休眠态转变的重要标志,休眠芽通过淀粉粒水解代谢,增加细胞可溶性糖浓度、降低细胞冰点是其抵御冬季低温胁迫的适应机制。

关键词：地下芽结构越冬休眠组织化学淀粉粒腋芽青藏高原

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代谢组学在重伤诊治中的研究进展

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基础医学与临床 2024年第4期44卷 562-567页

作者：魏斌段红杰柴家科中国人民解放军总医院第四医学中心烧伤整形医学部北京100048 中国人民武装警察部队北京总队医院外一科北京100027

代谢组学是危重病和创伤研究的一个新兴领域,是近年来广泛用于疾病代谢紊乱的基因解析、分子标志物筛选和诊断等方面的一种重要研究方法。本篇综述总结和概括了国内外近年来创伤性脑损伤、外伤失血性休克以及严重烧伤等重伤诊治的代谢... 详细信息

代谢组学是危重病和创伤研究的一个新兴领域,是近年来广泛用于疾病代谢紊乱的基因解析、分子标志物筛选和诊断等方面的一种重要研究方法。本篇综述总结和概括了国内外近年来创伤性脑损伤、外伤失血性休克以及严重烧伤等重伤诊治的代谢组学最新研究进展,阐述了利用代谢组学技术实时监测重伤患者伤后不同阶段的代谢变化,发现重症临床诊治不同的新靶点和生物标志物,优化临床实践中的诊治策略;展望了对烧冲复合伤的当前代谢组学研究问题和挑战,以及多组学技术和人工智能算法的同步发展,推动精准医学的发展。

关键词：代谢组学创伤烧伤烧冲复合伤

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