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Advances in the molecular genetics of parathyroid tumors

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 376-378页

作者： Liwei Zhao Xianghui he Department of General Surgery Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin 300052China

To the Editor:Parathyroid tumors are endocrine tumors that can lead to disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and involve multiple organ systems.In the past,the genetics of parathyroid tumors have been well established,and the significant roles of genes such as MEN1,CDC73,and CCND1 in the process of parathyroid tumorigenesis have been identified and confirmed[Table 1].However,with further research and the widespread use of sequencing technology,“new”roles for“old”genes and new pathogenic mechanisms have been discovered.

关键词： metabolism tumors parathyroid

CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS OF SOME FINITE ELEMENT PARALLEL ALGORITHMS FOR The STATIONARY INCOMPRESSIBLE MHD EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第1期42卷 49-70页

作者： Xiaojing Dong Yinnian he Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing&Information Processing of Ministry of EducationSchool of Mathematics and Computational ScienceXiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

By combination of iteration methods with the partition of unity method(PUM),some finite element parallel algorithms for the stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)with different physical parameters are presented and analyzed.These algorithms are highly efficient.At first,a global solution is obtained on a coarse grid for all approaches by one of the iteration methods.By parallelized residual schemes,local corrected solutions are calculated on finer meshes with overlapping sub-domains.The subdomains can be achieved flexibly by a class of PUM.The proposed algorithm is proved to be uniformly stable and convergent.Finally,one numerical example is presented to confirm the theoretical findings.

关键词： Partition of unity method Local and parallel algorithm Finite element method Iteration methods Magnetohydrodynamics

Global warming strengthens the association between ENSO and the Asian-Australian summer monsoon

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 309-312页

作者： Bao YANG Minhui he School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Previous studies have widely reported the linkages between Asian-Australian monsoon and the ENSO(Wu,2008;Azad and Rajeevan,2016;Chen et al.,2020;Shekhar et al.,2022;Zhang J et al.,2022;Chen et al.,2023;Hau et al.,2023;heidemann et al.,2023).It is well accepted that the monsoon is weaker during the El Niño phase and stronger during the La Niña phase.For example,an anomalously strong western Pacific subtropical high in 2020,related to the La Niña event.

关键词： event monsoon Asian

P2P Energy Trading Considering Prosumer Preference and System Risk

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1179-1194页

作者： Xinyu he Ping Dong Mingbo Liu Xuewei Huang Wenli Deng Ruijin he School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China IEEE

As an important means of mobilizing demand-side resources,peer-to-peer(P2P)energy trading has drawn more and more attention from scholars.This paper constructs a P2P energy trading framework considering prosumers’trading partner preferences(TPPs)and system risk.At first,we build the P2P trading models of prosumers equipped with different distributed energy resources(DERs),and TPP models.Secondly,to solve the established energy trading problem,a fully distributed double-consensus alternating direction method of multipliers(DC-ADMM)is proposed,which can achieve transaction consensus when considering market players’TPPs.Then,a risk-based security constrained economic dispatch(RBSCED)model based on AC power flow is established for the first time,by which a distribution system operator(DSO)checks system security and obtains risk-based locational marginal prices(RLMPs).Moreover,double-regulated price signals related to RLMPs which contain grid utilization prices(GUPs)and DSO’s retail prices realize management of players’transactions.In the end,the proposed method is applied to an IEEE33 bus distribution system.Results show the proposed method effectively reduces system risk and ensures secure operation of system without direct management.

关键词： Double-consensus ADMM grid utilization price price signal risk-based locational marginal price trading partner preference

Immune checkpoint inhibitors break whose heart? Perspectives from cardio-immuno-oncology

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 807-818页

作者： Yingying he Hui Yu Shuang Dai Miao he Ling Ma Zihan Xu Feng Luo Li Wang Oncology Department Deyang People's HospitalDeyangSichuan 618000China Department of Medical Oncology Lung Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610000China Cardiovascular Department Mianyang Central HospitalMianyangSichuan 621000China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Deyang People's HospitalDeyangSichuan 618000China

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibody antagonists,which can block cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4),programmed death-1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathways,and other molecules exploited by tumor cells to evade T cell-mediated immune response.ICIs have transformed the treatment landscape for various cancers due to their amazing efficacy.Many anti-tumor therapies,including targeted therapy,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy,combine ICIs to make the treatment more effective.However,the off-target immune activation caused by ICIs may lead to a broad spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) affecting multiple organ systems.Among irAEs,cardiotoxicity induced by ICIs,uncommon but fatal,has greatly offset survival benefits from ICIs,which is heartbreaking for both patients and clinicians.Consequently,such cardiotoxicity requires special vigilance,and it has become a common challenge both for patients and clinicians.This article reviewed the clinical manifestations and influence of cardiotoxicity from the view of patients and clinicians,elaborated on the underlying mechanisms in conjunction with animal studies,and then attempted to propose management strategies from a cardio-immuno-oncology multidisciplinary perspective.

关键词： Cancer management Cardio-immuno-oncology multidisciplinary Cardiotoxicity Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immune tolerance

OsPDR20 is an ABCG metal transporter regulating cadmium accumulation in rice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 21-34页

作者： he Li Chao Li Di Sun Zhi Min Yang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Cadmium(Cd)is a non-essential toxic heavy metal,seriously posing high environmental risks to human health.Digging genetic resources relevant to functional genes is important for understanding the metal absorption and accumulation in crops and bioremediation of Cd-polluted environments.This study investigated a functionally uncharacterized ATP binding cassette transporter G family(ABCG)gene encoding a Pleiotropic Drug Resistance 20(PDR20)type metal transporter which is localized to the plasma membrane of rice.OsPDR20 was transcriptionally expressed in almost all tissues and organs in lifespan and was strongly induced in roots and shoots of young rice under Cd stress.Ectopic expression of OsPDR20 in a yeast mutant ycf1 sensitive to Cd conferred cellular tolerance with less Cd accumulation.Knockdown of OsPDR20 by RNA interference(RNAi)moderately attenuated root/shoot elongation and biomass,with reduced chlorophylls in rice grown under hydroponic medium with 2 and 10μmol/L Cd,but led to more Cd accumulation.A field trial of rice grown in a realistic Cd-contaminated soil(0.40 mg/kg)showed that RNAi plants growth and development were also compromised compared to wild-type(WT),with smaller panicles and lower spikelet fertility but little effect on yield of grains.However,OsPDR20 suppression resulted in unexpectedly higher levels of Cd accumulation in rice straw including lower leaves and culm and grain.These results suggest that OsPDR20 is actively involved in Cd accumulation and homeostasis in rice crops.The increased Cd accumulation in the RNAi plants has the potential application in phytoremediation of Cd-polluted wetland soils.

关键词： Rice ABCG transporter Cadmium accumulation Phytoremediation

Mitigating gut immune adverse effects in CTLA-4 blockade for antitumor efficacy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1539-1541页

作者： Shijun he Jianping Zuo Zemin Lin Laboratory of Immunopharmacology State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

By creating an immune checkpoint blockade-induced colitis model,Lo et al.(2024)have suggested a strategy for alleviating gastrointestinal immune-related adverse events while preserving the antitumor stimulatory effect... 详细信息

关键词： al. immune gastrointestinal

Dual-functional poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)/poly(2-(dimethylamine)ethyl methacrylate)mixed brushes with switchable protein adsorption and antibacterial properties

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 19-30页

作者： Kang he Liangyu Zhu Yanmei Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

herein,binary mixed brushes consisting of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)(PMOXA)and poly(2-(dimethylamine)ethyl methacrylate)(PDMAEMA)with different chain lengths were fabricated by successive grafting of NH_(2)-terminated PMOXA and SH-terminated PDMAEMA onto polydopamine-anchored substrates.The mixed-brush coating was characterized by variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,zeta potential measurements,water contact angle,and atomic force microscopy.The mixed brushes showed tunable surface charge,wettability,and surface roughness,depending on the degree of PDMAEMA swelling under varying pH and ionic strength(Ⅰ).Then the adsorption behaviors of pepsin,bovine serum albumin(BSA),γ-globulin,and lysozyme,four very different proteins with regard to isoelectric point,on the mixed brushes coating were studied by using fluorescence microscopy and surface plasmon resonance.When the chain length of PDMAEMA was about twice as long as PMOXA,the mixed brushes not only had high adsorption capacity for pepsin,BSA,and y-globulin but also had a desorption efficiency of 86.9%,87.1%,and 93.5%,respectively.It is explained that electrostatic attraction between the protonated PDMAEMA and positively charged acidic proteins(pepsin and BSA,whose isoelectric points were below the pK_(a) of PDMAEMA)would drive the intensive adsorption(at pH 3,I=10^(-3)mol·L^(-1)for pepsin,and pH 5,I=10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)for BSA),while desorption was dominated by the hydrophilic PMOXA when PDMAEMA was shrinking(at pH 7,I=10^(-1)mol·L^(-1)for pepsin,and pH 9,I=10^(-1)mol·L^(-1)for BSA).Furthermore,the isoelectric precipitation led to the adsorption of neutral protein(γ-globulin,whose isoelectric point was near the pK_a of PDMAEMA)at pH 7,I=10^(-5)mol·L^(-1),while electrostatic repulsion and antifouling PMOXA triggered the desorption of y-globulin at pH 3,I-10^(-1)mol·L^(-1).However,alkaline protein(lysozyme,whose isoelectric point was higher than the pK_(a) of PDMAEMA)exhibited slight adsorptio

关键词： Switchable conformation transition Controllable protein adsorption Mixed brushes Isoelectric point Antibacterial surface

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Review on Security Defense Technology Research in Edge Computing Environment

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 1-18页

作者： Ke SHANG Weizhen he Shuai ZHANG National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technological R&D Center

Edge computing, which achieves quick data processing by sinking data computing and storage to the network edge, has grown rapidly along with the Internet of things. The new network architecture of edge computing brings new security challenges. Based on this, this paper investigates the edge computing security literature published in recent years and summarizes and analyzes research work on edge computing security from different attack surfaces. We start with the definition and architecture of edge computing. From the attack surface between device and edge server, as well as on edge servers, the research describes the security threats and defense methods of edge computing. In addition, the cause of the attack and the pros and cons of defense methods is introduced. The challenges and future research directions of edge computing are given.

关键词： Edge computing Security Threat Defense Architecture Attack surface