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Effects of Maize Residue Quality and Soil Water Content on Soil Labile Organic Carbon Fractions and Microbial Properties

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 829-838页

作者： LI Zengqiang ZHAO Bingzi zhang jiabao State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China)

Investigating the effects of residue chemical composition on soil labile organic carbon （LOC） will improve our understanding of soil carbon sequestration. The effects of maize residue chemical composition and soil water content on soil LOC fractions and microbial properties were investigated in a laboratory incubation experiment. Maize shoot and root residues were incorporated into soil at 40% and 70% field capacity. The soils were incubated at 20 ℃ for 150 d and destructive sampling was conducted after 15, 75, and 150 d. Respiration, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, hot-water extractable organic carbon （HEOC）, and microbial biomass carbon （MBC） were recorded, along with cellulase and β-glucosidase activities and community-level physiological profiles. The results showed that the cumulative respiration was lower in root-amended soils than in shoot-amended soils, indicating that root amendment may be beneficial to C retention in soil. No significant differences in the contents of DOG, HEOC and MBC, enzyme activities, and microbial functional diversity were observed between shoot- and root-amended soils. The high soil water content treatment significantly increased the cumulative respiration, DOC and HEOC contents, and enzyme activities compared to the low soil water content treatment. However, the soil water content treatments had little influence on the MBC content and microbial functional diversity. There were significantly positive correlations between LOC fractions and soil microbial properties. These results indicated that the chemical composition of maize residues had little influence on the DOC, HEOC, and MBC contents, enzyme activities, and microbial functional diversity, while soil water content could significantly influence DOC and HEOC contents and enzyme activities.

关键词： community-level physiological profile dissolved organic carbon enzyme activities hot-water extractable organic carbon maize roots maize shoots

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Soil Quality in Relation to Agricultural Production in the North China Plain

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Pedosphere 2015年第4期25卷 592-604页

作者： XIA Min ZHAO Bingzi Xiying HAO zhang jiabao State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Public Administration Nanjing Agricultural University Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research Centre

Sustainable agricultural production is of vital importance to food supply security. This study aimed to investigate crop yield response to spatial variability of soil quality at a county scale in the North China Plain （NCP） and subsequently derive key soil quality indicators. Soil samples were geo-referenced and taken in 2008 from both surface （0-20 cm） and subsurface （20-40 cm） layers in 132 fields throughout the Fengqiu County, located in the centre of the NCP, for subsequent soil properties＇ analyses. Annum crop yields were obtained from the same fields where soil samples were collected. Soil quality was evaluated based on a fuzzy set with 13 soil properties, and its spatial distributions were investigated by integrating geostatistical analysis and geographic information system （GIS） techniques. Soil quality indices were classified into five grades, and their spatial distributions were mapped within the county. The surface soil qualities were about one to two grades higher than the subsurface soil. The quality indices for surface and subsurface soils were positively associated with the annual crop yields, suggesting the importance of both. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available P, and available K contributed 50% of the combined weight to the soil quality index and were identified as key indicators of soil quality status in the area in terms of sustainability.

关键词： crop yield geostatistical analysis key indicator spatial variability soil quality evaluation soil properties subsurfacesoil surface soil

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Temperature and Straw Quality Regulate the Microbial Phospholipid Fatty Acid Composition Associated with Straw Decomposition

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Pedosphere 2016年第3期26卷 386-398页

作者： ZHOU Guixiang zhang jiabao CHEN Lin zhang Congzhi YU Zhenghong State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Poyang Lake Eco-economy Research Center Jiujiang University Jiujiang 332005 (China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science College of Environmental & Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 (China)

Variations in temperature and moisture play an important role in soil organic matter(SOM) decomposition. However, relationships between changes in microbial community composition induced by increasing temperature and SOM decomposition are still *** present study was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature and moisture levels on soil respiration and microbial communities involved in straw decomposition and elucidate the impact of microbial communities on straw mass loss. A 120-d litterbag experiment was conducted using wheat and maize straw at three levels of soil moisture(40%, 70%, and 90% of water-holding capacity)and temperature(15, 25, and 35?C). The microbial communities were then assessed by phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA) *** the exception of fungal PLFAs in maize straw at day 120, the PLFAs indicative of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi decreased with increasing temperatures. Temperature and straw C/N ratio significantly affected the microbial PLFA composition at the early stage, while soil microbial biomass carbon(C) had a stronger effect than straw C/N ratio at the later stage. Soil moisture levels exhibited no significant effect on microbial PLFA composition. Total PLFAs significantly influenced straw mass loss at the early stage of decomposition, but not at the later stage. In addition, the ratio of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial PLFAs was negatively correlated with the straw mass loss. These results indicated that shifts in microbial PLFA composition induced by temperature, straw quality, and microbial C sources could lead to changes in straw decomposition.

关键词： bacteria fungi microbial biomass C microbial community soil respiration temperature sensitivity

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Influence of Long-Term Fertilization on Selenium Accumulation in Soil and Uptake by Crops

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Pedosphere 2016年第1期26卷 120-129页

作者： WANG Qingyun zhang jiabao ZHAO Bingzi XIN Xiuli DENG Xihai Hailin zhang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Plant and Soil Sciences Department Oklahoma State University

Continuous applications of organic and inorganic fertilizers can affect soil and food quality with respect to selenium （Se） concen- trations. A long-term （over 20 years） experimental field study, started in 1989, was conducted to investigate the changes in soil Se fractions and its uptake by crops, as affected by different fertilizer practices, in the North China Plain with an annual crop rotation of winter wheat and summer maize. The long-term experiment was arranged in a complete randomized block design consisting of 4 replications with 7 fertilizer treatments： 1） organic compost （OC）, 2） half organic compost plus half N-P-K chemical fertilizers （OC ＋ NPK）, 3） N-P-K fertilizers （NPK）, 4） N-P fertilizers （NP）, 5） P-K fertilizers （PK）, 6） N-K fertilizers （NK）, and 7） an un-amended control. Soil samples from the surface （20 cm） were collected in 1989, 1994, 1999, 2004 and 2009 to characterize Se and other soil properties. In 2009, the average soil Se concentrations in the treatments （149 ± 8 beg kg-1） were higher than those in the soil samples collected in 1989 at the beginning of the experiment （112 4- 4 beg kg-1）, and decreased in the order of OC 〉 OC ＋ NPK 〉 NPK NP 〉 PK NK 〉 control. Sequential extraction showed the oxidizable fraction （50.06%± 3.94%） was the dominant form of Se in the soil, followed by the residual fraction （24.12% ± 2.89%）, exchangeable fraction （15.09% ± 4.34%） and Fe-Mn oxides fraction （10.73%±4.04%）. With an increase of soil K, the exchangeable Se concentrations in the soil increased. The Se concentrations in the soil tillage layer （0-20 cm） were mainly related to soil organic carbon （SOC）, although different contributions came from atmospheric deposition, irrigation and fertilizers. With the accumulation of SOC, the uptakes of soil Se by two crops were inhibited. For the OC and OC ＋ NPK treatments, Se concentrations in wheat grains were lower than the critical standard of Se in stable food （100 μg kg·1]. Additionallv. Se concentrations in

关键词： agricultural soil essential nutrient fertilizer practices Se deficiency Se fractions

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Organic-inorganic fertilization promotes paddy soil macroaggregate organic carbon accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 941-950页

作者： Jinhua ZHAO Lin CHEN Guixiang ZHOU Fang LI jiabao zhang Congzhi zhang Donghao MA Biao FENG Fengqiu Experimental Station of National Ecosystem Research Network of China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable AgricultureInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

Macroaggregate organic carbon(Macro-OC)accumulation in paddy soils is of great significance in promoting multiple agroecosystem ***,the effects of different fertilization practices on Macro-OC accumulation in paddy soils at the regional scale have not been comprehensively ***,we conducted long-term fertilization field experiments at four sites,Taoyuan,Wangcheng,Jinxian,and Suzhou,in the subtropical area of China to reveal the effects of inorganic and organic-inorganic(OIF)fertilization on Macro-OC accumulation and its relationships with important microbial traits(the abundance ratio of GH48:cbhI genes and the richness of keystone bacterial taxa)in paddy *** results showed that long-term fertilization(particularly OIF)significantly increased the content of Macro-OC,which mainly consisted of particulate organic carbon(C).Organic-inorganic fertilization decreased the percentage of O-alkyl C but increased the percentages of alkyl,aromatic,and phenolic ***-inorganic fertilization promoted the abundance of the bacterial cellulose-degrading gene GH48 retrieved from *** orders Anaerolineales,Bacillales,and Clostridiales were identified as keystone bacterial taxa in macroaggregates and were significantly correlated with the physical fraction and chemical structure of *** equation modeling revealed that fertilization-induced changes in soil pH and C:N ratio affected the richness of Anaerolineales,Bacillales,and Clostridiales,which was strongly associated with the increase of percentages of aromatic and phenolic C and further facilitated Macro-OC ***,these results suggested that OIF promoted Macro-OC accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in paddy *** results provide an important basis for boosting soil C accrual in the subtropical rice-growing areas.

关键词： bacterial community keystone bacterial taxa mean weight diameter mineral-associated organic carbon particulate organic carbon structural equation modeling

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Long-term fallowing produces specific fungal taxa associated with soil carbon storage

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Pedosphere 2024年第6期34卷 1014-1025页

作者： Fang LI Lin CHEN Yue LI Yanlai HAN Yi WANG Peipei LI Shuiqing zhang jiabao zhang College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Co-Construction State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural University Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Science Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Cropland expansion has caused the loss of soil organic carbon（SOC） and the degradation of microbial communities. Fallowing is an important strategy for soil restoration, and fungi are critical in soil fertilization. This study compared the soil properties and fungal assemblage in two adjacent environments（farmland vs. fallowing） using a 30-year field experiment composed of five treatments: fallowing and agricultural management under no fertilization, chemical fertilization, and chemical fertilization plus cow manure or crop straw. The fallowed soil had more diverse fungi and maintained higher SOC than the artificially managed treatments. Importantly, the relative abundance of Chaetomiaceae was positively correlated with all the carbon components（SOC, dissolved organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon） simultaneously. An RNA-Seq of Trichocladium uniseriatum, the key fungus affiliated with Chaetomiaceae, showed that straw addition significantly upregulated the genes for T. uniseriatum melanogenesis, resulting in recalcitrant necromass formation. A remarkable carbon dioxide（CO2） assimilation capacity of T. uniseriatum was revealed using13C-labelling assay. Therefore, T. uniseriatum improved SOC storage directly by CO2fixation and indirectly by melanogenesis. Fertilization of agricultural systems can stimulate the growth of T. uniseriatum. Inoculation of T. uniseriatum promoted crop growth, facilitating carbon absorption from the roots. This study highlights that the valuable microbial species resources preserved in fallowed soils can improve farmland ecosystems.

关键词： Chaetomiaceae long-term fertilization soil fungal community

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New signature of low mass Z'in J/ψdecays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 1-5页

作者： Chao-Qiang Geng Chia-Wei Liu jiabao zhang School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We explored a new approach to search for a low-mass Z′particle through J/ψdecays by identifying its existence through parity-violating phenomena in the isospin-violating final states ofΛΣ¯^(0)and the corresponding charge conjugated states ofΛΣ¯^(0).Our investigation centered on a generation-independent and leptophobic Z′with mass below 10 *** the present experimental conditions at Beijing Spectrometer III(BESIII)and the anticipated opportunities at the Super Tau Charm Factory(STCF),we conducted Monte-Carlo simulations to predict possible events at both ***,we foresee a substantial enhancement in the precision of the lower limit estimation ofαNP as well as a reduction in statistical uncertainty with upcoming STCF ***,it is essential to highlight that a null result in the measurement ofαNP would impose stringent constraints,requiring the Z′−q−q couplings to be in the order of 10^(−2).

关键词： Z′ parity violation J/ψ

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Synthesis and assembly of full-length cyanophage A-4L genome

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2023年第1期8卷 121-128页

作者： Ting zhang Bonan Xu Jia Feng Pingbo Ge Guorui Li jiabao zhang Jianting Zhou Jianlan Jiang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education) Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology(Ministry of Education) Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Artificial cyanophages are considered to be an effective biological method to control harmful cyanobacterial ***,no synthetic cyanophage genome has been constructed and where its obstacles are ***,we survey a stretch of 16 kb length sequence of cyanophage A-4L that is unclonable in Escherichia *** test 12 predicted promoters of cyanophage A-4L which were verified all active in ***,we screen for eight ORFs that hindered the assembly of intermediate DNA fragments in *** and describe that seven ORFs in the 16 kb sequence could not be separately cloned in *** of unclonable ORFs in high-copy-number plasmid were successfully cloned using low-copy-number vector,suggesting that these ORFs were *** propose a clone strategy abandoned the promotor and the start codon that could be applied for unclonable ***,we de novo synthesized and assembled the full-length genome of cyanophage *** work deepens the understanding of synthetic cyanophages studies.

关键词： Genome assembly Cyanophage A-4L Toxic ORFs screening

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Soil Characteristics Overwhelm Cultivar Effects on the Structure and Assembly of Root-Associated Microbiomes of Modern Maize

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Pedosphere 2019年第3期29卷 360-373页

作者： CHEN Lin XIN Xiuli zhang jiabao Marc REDMILE-GORDON NIE Guangsen WANG Qingyun State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems Rothamsted Research Harpenden Herts AL5 2JQ (UK) School of Resources and Environment Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 (China)

Modern breeding primarily targets crop yield traits and is likely to influence root-associated microbiomes, which play significant roles in plant growth and health. The relative importance of soil and cultivar factors in shaping root-associated microbiomes of modern maize (Zea mays L.) remains uncertain. We conducted a pot experiment in a controlled environment using three soils (Mollisol, Inceptisol, and Ultisol) and four contrasting cultivars, Denghai 605, Nonghua 816, Qiaoyu 8, and Zhengdan 958, which are widely planted in China. We used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the bacterial communities in the bulk soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere. Our results showed that the four cultivars had different shoot biomass and root exudate total organic carbon and organic acid contents. The microbiomes in the bulk soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere were different. We observed apparent community divergence between soils rather than cultivars, within which edaphic factors substantially contributed to microbiome variation. Moreover, permutational multivariate analysis of variance corroborated significant contributions of soil type but not cultivar on the root-associated microbiome structure. Differential abundance analysis confirmed that each soil presented a distinct root microbiome, while network analysis indicated different co-occurrence patterns of the root microbiome among the three soils. The core root microbiome members are implicated in plant growth promotion and nutrient acquisition in the roots. In conclusion, root-associated microbiomes of modern maize are much more controlled by soil characteristics than by cultivar root exudation. Our study is anticipated to help improve breeding strategies through integrative interactions of soils, cultivars, and their associated microbiomes.

关键词： amplicon sequencing edaphic properties endosphere indigenous microbes rhizosphere root exudation

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Transcriptome sequencing of black and white hair follicles in the giant panda

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 552-568页

作者： Yi ZHENG Yingmin ZHOU Yijie HUANG Haoqi WANG Haixiang GUO Bao YUAN jiabao zhang Department of Laboratory Animals Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal ModelJilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park DujiangyanSichuanChina

With the completion of the draft assembly of the giant panda genome sequence,RNA sequencing technology has been widely used in genetic research on giant *** used RNA-seq to examine black and white hair follicle samples from adult *** comparison with the giant panda genome,75963 SNP loci were labeled,2426 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identiﬁed,and 2029 new genes were discovered,among which 631 were functionally annotated.A cluster analysis of the DEGs showed that they were mainly related to the Wnt signaling pathway,ECM–receptor interaction,the p53 signaling pathway,and ribosome *** enrichment results showed that there were signiﬁcant differences in the regulatory networks of hair follicles with different colors during the transitional stage of hair follicle resting growth,which may play a regulatory role in melanin synthesis during *** conclusion,our results provide new insights and more data support for research on the color formation in giant pandas.

关键词： giant panda hair color hair follicle transcriptome

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