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Analyzing the surface passivity effect of germanium oxynitride:a comprehensive approach through first principles simulation and interface state density

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 74-84页

作者： Sheng-Jie Du Xiu-Xia Li Yang Tian Yuan-Yuan Liu Ke jia Zhong-Zheng Tang jian-Ping Cheng Zhi Deng Yu-Lan Li Zheng-Cao Li Sha-Sha lv College of Nuclear Science and Technology Joint Laboratory of Jinping Ultra‑Low Radiation Background Measurement of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Joint Research Center Nuctech Company LimitedBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Physics Key Laboratory of Particle&Radiation Imaging of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors,which are used for direct dark matter detection,have the advantages of a low threshold and excellent energy *** surface passivation of HPGe has become crucial for achieving an extremely low energy *** this study,first-principles simulations,passivation film preparation,and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)capacitor characterization were combined to study surface *** calculations of the energy band structure of the -H,-OH,and -NH_(2) passivation groups on the surface of Ge were performed,and the interface state density and potential with five different passivation groups with N/O atomic ratios were accurately analyzed to obtain a stable surface *** on the theoretical calculation results,the surface passivation layers of the Ge_(2)ON_(2) film were prepared via magnetron sputtering in accordance with the optimum atomic ratio *** microstructure,C-V,and I-V electrical properties of the layers,and the passivation effect of the Al/Ge_(2)ON_(2)/Ge MOS were characterized to test the interface state *** mean interface state density obtained by the Terman method was 8.4×10^(11) cm^(-2) eV^(-1).The processing of germanium oxynitrogen passivation films is expected to be used in direct dark matter detection of the HPGe detector surface passivation technology to reduce the detector leakage currents.

关键词： Surface passivation High purity germanium detector Germanium nitrogen oxide Interface state density

A versatile framework for analyzing galaxy image data by incorporating Human-in-the-loop in a large vision model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 176-187页

作者： Ming-Xiang Fu Yu Song jia-Meng lv Liang Cao Peng jia Nan Li Xiang-Ru Li Ji-Feng Liu A-Li Luo Bo Qiu Shi-Yin Shen Liang-Ping Tu Li-Li Wang Shou-lin Wei Hai-Feng Yang Zhen-Ping Yi Zhi-Qiang Zou National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Key lab of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesBeijing 100101China School of Computer Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences NanjingNanjing 211135China University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Computer and Information Dezhou UniversityDezhou 253023China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 30024China School of Mechanical Electrical and Information EngineeringShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications Nanjing 210023China School of Science University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China

The exponential growth of astronomical datasets provides an unprecedented opportunity for humans to gain insight into the ***,effectively analyzing this vast amount of data poses a significant *** response,astronomers are turning to deep learning techniques,but these methods are limited by their specific training sets,leading to considerable duplicate *** overcome this issue,we built a framework for the general analysis of galaxy images based on a large vision model(lvM)plus downstream tasks(DST),including galaxy morphological classification,image restoration object detection,parameter extraction,and *** the low signal-to-noise ratios of galaxy images and the imbalanced distribution of galaxy categories,we designed our lvM to incorporate a Human-in-the-loop(HITL)module,which leverages human knowledge to enhance the reliability and interpretability of processing galaxy images *** proposed framework exhibits notable fewshot learning capabilities and versatile adaptability for all the abovementioned tasks on galaxy images in the DESI Legacy Imaging *** particular,for the object detection task,which was trained using 1000 data points,our DST in the lvM achieved an accuracy of 96.7%,while ResNet50 plus Mask R-CNN reached an accuracy of 93.1%.For morphological classification,to obtain an area under the curve(AUC)of~0.9,lvM plus DST and HITL only requested 1/50 of the training sets that ResNet18 *** addition,multimodal data can be integrated,which creates possibilities for conducting joint analyses with datasets spanning diverse domains in the era of multi-messenger astronomy.

关键词： artificial intelligence large vision model human-in-the-loop astronomy galaxies

Morphological disruption and visual tuning alterations in the primary visual cortex in glaucoma(DBA/2J)mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 220-225页

作者： Yin Yang Zhaoxi Yang Maoxia lv Ang jia Junjun Li Baitao Liao Jing’an Chen Zhengzheng Wu Yi Shi Yang Xia Dezhong Yao Ke Chen Department of Ophthalmology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalMedical SchoolUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Research Unit of NeuroInformation Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Health Management Center Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene StudySichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU026) Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesChengduSichuan ProvinceChina School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreve rsible blindness wo rldwide,and previous studies have shown that,in addition to affecting the eyes,it also causes abnormalities in the ***,it is not yet clear how the primary visual cortex(V1)is altered in *** study used DBA/2J mice as a model for spontaneous secondary *** aim of the study was to compare the electrophysiological and histomorphological chara cteristics of neurons in the V1between 9-month-old DBA/2J mice and age-matched C57BL/6J *** conducted single-unit recordings in the V1 of light-anesthetized mice to measure the visually induced responses,including single-unit spiking and gamma band *** morphology of layerⅡ/Ⅲneurons was determined by neuronal nuclear antigen staining and Nissl staining of brain tissue ***-seven neurons from eight DBA/2J mice and eighty-one neurons from eight C57BL/6J mice were *** with the C57BL/6J group,V1 neurons in the DBA/2J group exhibited weaker visual tuning and impaired spatial *** r,fewer neuro ns were observed in the V1 of DBA/2J mice compared with C57BL/6J *** findings suggest that DBA/2J mice have fewer neurons in the VI compared with C57BL/6J mice,and that these neurons have impaired visual *** findings provide a better understanding of the pathological changes that occur in V1 neuron function and morphology in the DBA/2J mouse *** study might offer some innovative perspectives regarding the treatment of glaucoma.

关键词： DBA/2J degeneration gamma band oscillations glaucoma primary visual cortex(V1) retina single-unit recording tuning curve

Chlorajaponins A—Q,lindenane-Related Sesquiterpenoid Dimers from Chloranthus japonicus and Their Biological Activities

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第11期42卷 1247-1259页

作者： Wei-jiao Feng Yue Gu Pei-Zhi Huang Hong-Ying Yang Rui Zhang Yi-lin He Ting-Hong lv Ya Li Kun Gao State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu730000 China Research Institute Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhouGansu730070 China

Seventeen undescribed lindenane-related sesquiterpenoid dimers,chlorajaponins A—Q(1—17),and 13 reported analogs(18—30)were isolated from Chloranthus japonicus *** 1 possesses an unprecedented 3/5/7/5/5/6/5/3 fused octacyclic scaffold,featuring a 6(5→4)-abeo-lindenane monomer,while 2 exhibits a 3/5/6/6/5/6/5/3 fused octacyclic *** structures were determined through a combination of spectroscopic analyses and X-ray *** 1,2,and 18 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation and effectively reduced the levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol,as well as the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in a HepG2 cell *** addition,compounds 1,2,and 18 significantly suppressed the protein expression of the fatty acid synthase(FASN)and the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP1).Moreover,the anti-inflammatory assay showed that compounds 19—22 and 25 inhibited the NO production induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC50 values of 7.89±0.44,6.25±0.46,2.98±0.29,10.77±0.60,and 3.60±0.28μmol/L.

关键词： Chloranthus japonicus lindenane-type sesquiterpenoid dimers Lipid-lowering activity Anti-inflammatory activity NMR spectroscopy Natural products X-ray diffraction

The Earth Summit Mission-2022:Successful ozone soundings contribute to source identification in the north *** region

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 412-421页

作者： Jinqiang Zhang Chunxiang Ye Yuejian Xuan Zhixuan Bai Weili lin Dan Li lingkun Ran Baofeng jiao YaomingMa Weiqiang Ma Nan Yao Yunshu Zeng Daren lv Tong Zhu Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas(Minzu University of China) National Ethnic Affairs CommissionBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Land-Atmosphere Interaction and Its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemResources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China Kathmandu Center of Research and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan Electronic Engineering College Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China

As part of“The Earth Summit Mission-2022”during the second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)in April and May 2022,we conducted the ozone sounding experiment(an ozonesonde mated to a radiosonde)at *** Base Camp(MQBC;86.85°E,28.14°N;5200 m),a location at an extremely high altitude.A total of ten sounding profiles were obtained between April 30 and May 06,2022,of which seven profiles were above35 km in altitude,with a maximum detection altitude up to 39.0 *** study presents the temporal variation and vertical distributions of atmospheric temperature,humidity,and ozone during the MQBC *** averaged ozone concentration was high(68.3 ppbv)at the surface and then increased smoothly until peaking(~110 ppbv)in the middle troposphere(approximately 10 km),and afterward,the ozone concentration increased rapidly from the upper troposphere to a maximum of~10 ppmv at~30 *** enhanced ozone concentration in the middle troposphere was associated with the blocking high pressure,and transport from the southern flank of the Himalayas occurred during the campaign *** average total ozone column was 291.9±21.4 DU for the seven profiles exceeding 35km in *** ozonesonde measurements were also compared with the vertical ozone profiles retrieved from the space-borne ozone products from the Microwave Limb Sounder(MLS)onboard the Aura satellite and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder(AIRS)onboard the Aqua satellite.

关键词： Ozone soundings Mt.Qomolangma Vertical ozone structure Ozone source Satellite data

Research progress of tumor-associated macrophages in immune checkpoint inhibitor tolerance in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第10期16卷 4064-4079页

作者： Qi Fan Zheng-Wei Fu Ming Xu Feng lv jia-Song Shi Qi-Qi Zeng De-Hai Xiong Intestinal Center Chongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqing 404000China Department of Gastroenterology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina

The relevant mechanism of tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)is discussed,and the application prospects of TAMs in reversing the treatment tolerance of ICIs are discussed to provide a reference for related *** a class of drugs widely used in clinical tumor immunotherapy,ICIs can act on regulatory molecules on cells that play an inhibitory role-immune checkpoints-and kill tumors in the form of an immune response by activating a variety of immune cells in the immune *** sensitivity of patients with different types of colorectal cancer to ICI treatment varies *** phenotype and function of TAMs in the colorectal cancer microenvironment are closely related to the efficacy of *** can regulate the phenotypic function of TAMs,and TAMs can also affect the tolerance of colorectal cancer to ICI *** play an important role in ICI resistance,and making full use of this target as a therapeutic strategy is expected to improve the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophages Review

DNA methylation controlling abscisic acid catabolism responds to light to mediate strawberry fruit ripening

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1718-1734页

作者： Yunfan Sun Xiaofang Yang Rongrong Wu Shouzheng lv Yunduan Li Haoran jia Yuying Yang Baijun Li Wenbo Chen Andrew C.Allan Guihua jiang Yan-Na Shi Kunsong Chen College of Agriculture&Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China Institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310021China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityZijingang CampusHangzhou 310058China New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Private Bag 92169AucklandNew Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandPrivate Bag 92019AucklandNew Zealand

Phytohormones,epigenetic regulation and environmental factors regulate fruit ripening but their interplay during strawberry fruit ripening remains to be *** this study,bagged strawberry fruit exhibited delayed ripening compared with fruit grown in normal light,correlating with reduced abscisic acid(ABA) *** of the key ABA catabolism gene,ABA 8′-hydroxylase FaCYP707A4,was induced in bagged *** light exclusion whole genome DNA methylation levels were up-regulated,corresponding to a delayed ripening process,while DNA methylation levels in the promoter of FaCYP707A4 were suppressed,correlating with increases in transcript and decreased ABA *** indicated FaCRY1,a blue light receptor repressed in bagged fruit and FaAGO4,a key protein involved in RNA-directed DNA methylation,could bind to the promoter of *** interaction between FaCRY1 and FaAGO4,and an increased enrichment of FaAGO4 directed to the FaCYP707A4 promoter in fruit grown under light suggests FaCRY1 may influence FaAGO4 to modulate the DNA methylation status of the FaCYP707A4 ***,transient overexpression of FaCRY1,or an increase in FaCRY1 transcription by blue light treatment,increases the methylation level of the FaCYP707A4 promoter,while transient RNA interference of FaCRY1 displayed opposite *** findings reveal a mechanism by which DNA methylation influences ABA catabolism,and participates in light-mediated strawberry ripening.

关键词： ABA catabolism DNA methylation light ripening strawberry

Activation of NRF2 by celastrol increases antioxidant functions and prevents the progression of osteoarthritis in mice

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第2期22卷 137-145页

作者： LIU Mingming GUO jiatian ZHAO Jing LI Hongye FENG Xiaoxiao LIU Haojun ZHANG Hao jia Xuejun WEI Rushuai LI Fang CHEN Chong HOU Mingzhuang lv Nanning XU Haiyan Department of human anatomy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China Department of Orthopedic Surgery The Affiliated Lianyungang Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University(The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang)Lianyungang 222003China Department of Orthopaedics The First Afliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute of Hematology Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China

Excessive oxidative stress impairs cartilage matrix metabolism balance,significantly contributing to osteoarthritis(OA)***(CSL),a drug derived from Tripterygium wilfordii,has recognized applications in the treatment of cancer and immune system disorders,yet its antioxidative stress mechanisms in OA remain *** study aimed to substantiate CSL’s chondroprotective effects and unravel its underlying *** investigated CSL’s impact on chondrocytes under both normal and inflammatory *** vitro,CSL mitigated interleukin(IL)-1β-induced activation of proteinases and promoted cartilage extracellular matrix(ECM)*** vivo,intra-articular injection of CSL ameliorated cartilage degeneration and mitigated subchondral bone lesions in OA ***,it was found that inhibiting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2)abrogated CSL-mediated antioxidative functions and exacerbated the progression of *** study is the first to elucidate the role of CSL in the treatment of OA through the activation of NRF2,offering a novel therapeutic avenue for arthritis therapy.

关键词： Osteoarthritis Celastrol Articular cartilage Extracellular matrix NRF2

Surface engineering on MnO2 nanorods by La single atoms to accelerate oxygen reduction kinetics

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4302-4311页

作者： Zhang-Long He Liu-Qi Wang Min jiang jia-Nan Xie Shan Liu Jin-Can Ren Rui Sun Wen-Bin lv Wei-Bin Guo Yu-ling Liu Bing Li Qi Liu Hao He School of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering NanjingUniversity of Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai JiaoTong University Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong

Surface engineering,which modulates the electronic structure and adsorption/desorption properties of electrocatalysts,is one of the key strategies for improving the catalytic ***,we demonstrate a facile solid-phase reaction for surface engineering of MnO2to boost the oxygen reduction *** reaction with surface hydroxy groups,La single atoms with loading amount up to 2.7 wt%are anchored onto *** surface engineering,the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） kinetics is significantly improved with the half-wave potential from 0.70 to 0.84 V,the number of transferred electrons from 2.5 to 3.9 and the limiting current density from 4.8 to 6.0 mA·*** addition,the catalyst delivers superior discharge performance in both alkaline and neutral metal–air *** functional theory （DFT） calculations reveal that atomic La modulates the surface electronic configuration of MnO2,reduces its d-band center and thus lowers the OOH*and O*reaction energy *** work provides a new route for rational design of highly active electrocatalyst and holds great potential for application in various catalytic reactions.

关键词： Electron injection Metal–air batteries Oxygen reduction reaction Single atoms Surface engineering