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Reconstruction characteristics of gut microbiota from patients with type 1 diabetes affect the phenotypic reproducibility of glucose metabolism in mice

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 176-188页

作者： Zhiyi Wang Mengxue Gong yuanyuan fang Huijuan yuan Chenhong Zhang State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Endocrinology Henan Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450003China

The human microbiota-associated(HMA)mice model,especially the germ-free(GF)-humanized mice,has been widely used to probe the causal relationships between gut microbiota and human diseases such as type 1 diabetes(T1D).However,most studies have not clarified the extent to which the reconstruction of the human donor microbiota in recipient mice correlates with corresponding phenotypic *** this study,we transplanted fecal microbiota from five patients with T1D and four healthy people into GF mice,and microbiota from each donor were transplanted into 10 *** with similar microbiota structure to the donor exhibited better phenotypic *** characteristics of the microbial community assembly of donors also influenced the phenotypic reproducibility in mice,and individuals with a higher proportion of stochastic processes showed more severe *** enriched in patients with T1D had a stronger colonization potential in mice with impaired glucose metabolism,and microbiota functional features related to T1D were better reproduced in these *** indicates that assembly traits and colonization efficacy of microbiota influence phenotypic reproducibility in GF-humanized *** findings provide important insights for using HMA mice models to explore links between gut microbiota and human diseases.

关键词： gut microbiome human microbiota-associated animal model type 1 diabetes

The gut microbiome modulate response to immunotherapy in cancer

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 381-396页

作者： Shan-Shan jiang Zi-Ran Kang Ying-Xuan Chen jing-yuan fang Division of Gastroenterologyand Hepatology Shanghai Instituteof Digestive DiseaseNHC KeyLaboratoryof Digestive DiseasesState KeyLaboratoryfor Oncogenesand Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200001China

Gut microbiota have been reported to play an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant ***,clinical studies have identified specific gut microbiota and its metabolites associated with efficacy of immunotherapy in multiple types of *** investigations have elucidated that gut microbiota modulate the antitumor immunity and affect the efficacy of cancer *** microbiota and its metabolites may favorably remodel the tumor microenvironment by engaging innate and/or adaptive immune *** how the gut microbiome interacts with cancer immunotherapy opens new avenues for improving treatment *** microbial transplants,probiotics,dietary interventions,and other strategies targeting the microbiota have shown promise in preclinical studies to enhance the *** clinical trials are evaluating these *** review presents the recent advancements in understanding the dynamic interplay among the host immunity,the microbiome,and cancer immunotherapy,as well as strategies for modulating the microbiome,with a view to translating into clinical applications.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy gut microbiota intratumoral microbiota microbiota-derived metabolites innate and adaptive immunity

Co-host ncRNA MIR503HG/miR-503-5p antagonistically interfere with the crosstalk between fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells by affecting the production of LMW FGF2 in pterygium

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第2期18卷 199-208页

作者： Yue-Qi yuan Xing-yuan Yan fang Zheng Ming Yan Department of Ophthalmology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Medicine&Center for Gene Diagnosis Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina

AIM:To explore the effect of co-host non-coding RNA(ncRNA)MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on the angiogenesis of ***:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/fibroblast growth factor 2(FGF2)expression levels in pterygium tissues,control conjunctival tissues,and human pterygium fibroblasts(HPF)were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and immunohistochemical *** of MIR503HG/miR-503-5p on low molecular weight FGF2(LWM FGF2),migration and angiogenesis of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMEC)were determined in an HPF and HRMEC co-culture model using Western blots,wound healing assay,Matrigel-based tube formation assay,and Transwell ***:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p/FGF2 pathway was actively increased in pterygium tissue and there was a negative correlation between the expression of the two ***2 expression level was positively correlated with MIR503HG and negatively correlated with *** MIR503HG/miR-503-5p did not affect the migration and angiogenesis of HRMECs cultured separately,but significantly affected migration and angiogenesis of HRMEC in HPF and HRMEC co-culture *** blotting revealed that MIR503HG/miR-503-5p overexpression significantly increased LMW FGF2 expression in ***:MIR503HG/miR-503-5p inhibits HRMEC migration and angiogenic function by interfering with the interaction between HPF and endothelial cells via reducing LMW FGF2 in HPF.

关键词： pterygium MIR503HG miR-503-5p fibroblast growth factor 2 angiogenesis

Innovative dual-mode device integrating capacitive desalination and solar vapor generation for high-efficiency seawater desalination

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 171-179页

作者： jiacheng Wang Zhaoyu Chen Ruduan yuan jiaxin Luo Ben Zhang Keju ji Meng Li Juanxiu Xiao Kuan Sun National Innovation Center for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and SystemsCollege of Energy&Power EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials&Devices Joint LaboratoryChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute Chongqing 400039China jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Bionic Functional Materials College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and TechnologySchool of Marine Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

Solar-driven interface evaporation with high solar-to-steam conversion efficiency has shown great potential in seawater ***,due to the influence of latent heat and condensation efficiency,the water yield from solar-driven interface evaporation remains insufficient,posing a significant challenge that requires *** this work,we designed a dual-mode high-flux seawater desalination device that combines solar-driven interface evaporation and capacitive *** utilizing coupled desalination materials exhibiting both photothermal conversion and capacitance activity,the device demonstrated photothermal evaporation rates of 1.41 and 0.97 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)for condensate water yield under one-sun ***,the device exhibited a salt adsorption capacity of up to48 mg g^(-1)and a salt adsorption rate of 2.1 mg g^(-1)*** addition,the salt adsorption capacity increased by approximately 32%under one-sun ***,photo-enhanced capacitive desalination performance was explored through numerical simulations and theoretical *** calculations and characterizations confirmed that the defect energy levels formed by the introduction of sulfur vacancies can effectively widen the light absorption range,improve photothermal conversion performance,and stimulate more photoelectrons to participate in capacitive ***,the electron distribution state of molybdenum disulfide with sulfur vacancies and surface defect sites contributes to ion/electron transport at the solid-liquid *** work provides a novel pathway for integrating solar vapor generation with other low-energy desalination technologies.

关键词： Capacitive deionization Solar vapor generation Molybdenum disulfide Defect engineering

Exploration of Gas‑Dependent Self‑Adaptive Reconstruction Behavior of Cu_(2)O for Electrochemical CO_(2) Conversion to Multi‑Carbon Products

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 280-296页

作者： Chaoran Zhang Yichuan Gu Qu jiang Ziyang Sheng Ruohan Feng Sihong Wang Haoyue Zhang Qianqing Xu Zijian yuan fang Song State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Structural reconstruction of electrocatalysts plays a pivotal role in catalytic performances for CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),whereas the behavior is by far superficially ***,we report that CO_(2)accessibility results in a universal self-adaptive structural reconstruction from Cu_(2)O to Cu@CuxO composites,ending with feeding gas-dependent microstructures and catalytic *** CO_(2)-rich atmosphere favors reconstruction for CO_(2)RR,whereas the CO_(2)-deficient one prefers that for hydrogen evolution *** the assistance of spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations,we uncover a CO_(2)-induced passivation behavior by identifying a reductionresistant but catalytic active Cu(I)-rich amorphous layer stabilized by*CO ***,we find extra CO production is indispensable for the robust production of *** inverse correlation between durability and FECO/FEC2H4 is disclosed,suggesting that the selfstabilization process involving the absorption of*CO intermediates on Cu(I)sites is essential for durable *** by this insight,we design hollow Cu_(2)O nanospheres for durable and selective CO_(2)RR electrolysis in producing *** work recognizes the previously overlooked passivation reconstruction and self-stabilizing behavior and highlights the critical role of the local atmosphere in modulating reconstruction and catalytic processes.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction Electrocatalysts Cu_(2)O Reconstruction Self-adaptive electrocatalysis

Anomalous open orbits in Hofstadter spectrum of Chern insulator

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 139-144页

作者： Haijiao ji Peng Zhou Noah F.Q.yuan Hua jiang Haiwen Liu X.C.Xie Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai201210China Department of Mathematics UC BerkeleyBerkeley94720USA Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei230088China

The nontrivial band topology of Chern insulator can enrich the content of its Hofstadter butterfly spectra,which is closely related to recent experiments in twisted bilayer graphene and cold atom *** investigate the Hofstadter spectrum for various models of Chern insulators under a rational fluxφ_(0)/q,hereφ_(0)=h/e and q being an *** find the number of splitting subbands is|q-C|with C denoting the Chern number of parent ***,anomalous open-orbital subbands with Chern numbers q-1 and-q-1 emerge unexpectedly,which are beyond the parameter window(-q/2,q/2)of the Diophantine equation studied by Thouless-Kohmoto-Nightingale-den Nijs[***.49,405(1982)].The emergence of anomalous open orbits can be traced by analyzing the evolution of the Hofstadter spectrum,identifying as a new type of topological phase *** novel findings not only pinpoint the peculiar Hofstadter spectrum of Chern insulator,but also provide routes to study exotic characteristics beyond the Landau level physics.

关键词： Hofstadter spectrum topological phase transition open orbit

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Metallized polymer current collector as “stress acceptor” for stable micron-sized silicon anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 786-794页

作者： Ziyi Cao Haoteng Sun Yi Zhang Lixia yuan Yaqi Liao Haijin ji Shuaipeng Hao Zhen Li Long Qie Yunhui Huang State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry Brown University

Micron-sized silicon（μSi） is a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity,low cost,and abundant ***,the volume expansion that occurs during cycling leads to the accumulation of undesirable stresses,resulting in pulverization of silicon microparticles and shortened lifespan of the ***,a composite film of Cu-PET-Cu is proposed as the current collector（CC） for μSi anodes to replace the conventional Cu ***-PET-Cu CC is prepared by depositing Cu on both sides of a polyethylene terephthalate（PET） *** PET layer promises good ductility of the film,permitting the Cu-PET-Cu CC to accommodate the volumetric changes of silicon microparticles and facilitates the stress release through ductile *** a result,the μSi electrode with Cu-PET-Cu CC retains a high specific capacity of 2181 mA h g-1,whereas the μSi electrode with Cu CC（μSi/Cu） exhibits a specific capacity of 1285 mA h g-1after 80 *** stress relieving effect of CuPET-Cu was demonstrated by in-situ fiber optic stress monitoring and multi-physics *** work proposes an effective stress relief strategy at the electrode level for the practical implementation of μSi anodes.

关键词： Electrode design Metallized polymer current collector Micron-sized Si anodes Stress relieving

Regeneration of islet β-cells in tree shrews and rats

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2018年第2期1卷 152-161页

作者： Yu-Qiong Zhao Ya-Qian Liu ji-fang yuan Xin Dai Miao-Miao Niu Xiao-Mei Sun De-Xuan Kuang Wen-Guang Wang Pin-Fen Tong Na Li Lei Xiang Yun-Xiao jia jie-jie Dai Hua Chen Chinese PLA General Hospital Laboratory Animal Center The Institute of Medical Biology The Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases Center of Tree Shrew Germplasm Resources State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Chinese PLA General Hospital

Backgroud: Current understanding of injury and regeneration of islet β-cells in diabetes is mainly based on rodent studies. The tree shrew is now generally accepted as being among the closest living relatives of primates, and has been widely used in animal experimentation. However, there are few reports on islet cell composition and regeneration of β-cells in tree ***: In this study, we examined the changes in islet cell composition and regeneration of β-cells after streptozotocin(STZ) treatment in tree shrews compared with Sprague-Dawley rats. Injury and regeneration of islet β-cells were observed using hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and ***: Our data showed that in rats islet injury was most obvious on day 3 after injection, and islet morphologies were significantly restored by day 21. Regeneration of islet β-cells was very pronounced in rats, and mainly involved regeneration of centro-acinar cells and transformation of extra-islet ductal cells. In tree shrews, the regeneration of islet β-cells was not as significant. On days 3 and 7, only scattered regenerated cells were observed in the remaining islets. Further, no regeneration of centro-acinar cells was ***: The results suggest that the repair mechanism of islet β-cells in tree shrews is similar to that of humans.

关键词： β-cell rat regeneration tree shrew

Adiponectin Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Redox Signalings

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Adiponectin Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Redox ...