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Usefulness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy for the spasticity of the subscapularis in patients with stroke： a pilot study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第24期126卷 4638-4643页

作者： YongWook Kim ji cheol shin Jeong-Gyu Yoon Yong-Kyun Kim Sang Chul Lee Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation MyongjiHospital Kwandong University College of Medicine GyunggiRepublic of Kore~

Background There are not many studies about treatment of shoulder spasticity. Although botulinum toxin injection has been reported to be effective for shoulder spasticity, the effectiveness was judged by pain and limited motion change, but not the spasticity itself. Shoulder spasticity is considered to play an important role in hemiplegic frozen shoulder. However, the subscapularis muscle, unlike the pectoralis major muscle, is located deep beneath scapula, where conventional injection is difficult to perform. As extracorporeal shock wave therapy （ESWT） has been reported to be effective for spasticity relief, and we thought spasticity of subscapularis muscle located deep beneath the scapula would be a good candidate for ESWT treatment. This study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of radial ESWT （rESWT） on spastic subscapularis muscle in stroke patients. Methods This is an uncontrolled, prospective, unicenter, clinical pilot study. Stroke patients （n=57; mean age 55.4 years） with spastic shoulders were recruited between June 2011 and February 2012 at the University Rehabilitation Hospital. rESWT was administered to each patient every two or three days for two weeks （five total treatments）. Evaluation consisted of 11 measurements for each patient; at the start of each of the five treatments and once per week during the following six weeks. Spasticity was measured at external rotator muscles of the shoulder using the modified Ashworth scale （MAS）, and passive range of motion （ROM） of the shoulder in external rotation was recorded. Pain was measured using a visual analogue scale （VAS） during passive ROM of the shoulder in external rotation, and was additionally recorded for patients who preserved cognitive and communicative ability （Pain group）. Results Reduction in MAS and VAS and improvement of ROM during and after rESWT treatments were prominent compared to baseline. The reduction in MAS and VAS and improvement of ROM continued four weeks after the last treatmen

关键词： spasticity extracorporeal shock wave therapy, stroke, shoulder

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SARS-CoV-2 mutations, vaccines, and immunity: implication of variants of concern

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1638-1639页

作者： ji Yun Noh Hye Won Jeong Eui-cheol shin Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicineKorea University Guro HospitalKorea University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal MedicineChungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongjuRepublic of Korea The Center for Epidemic Preparedness KAISTDaejeonRepublic of Korea

In a recent study published in Nature,Wang et al.1 investigated the neutralizing activities of antibodies elicited by COVID-19 mRNA vaccines and natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 against SARS-CoV-2 *** devastating impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on public health,the economy,and society has made vaccine development a top priority for global ***,vaccine development is progressing at an unprecedented pace as an urgent response to COVID-19.

关键词： immunity vaccines variants

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Parameter estimation for building energy models using GRcGAN

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Building Simulation 2023年第4期16卷 629-639页

作者： Hansol shin cheol-Soo Park Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826R.O.Korea Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering Institute of Engineering ResearchCollege of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826R.O.Korea

Parameter estimation methods can be classified into(1)manual(trial-and-error),(2)numerical optimization(optimization,sampling),(3)Bayesian inference(Bayes filter,Bayesian calibration),and(4)machine learning(generative model).Bayesian calibration has been widely used because it can capture stochastic nature of uncertain ***,the results of Bayesian calibration could be biased by(1)the prior distribution assumed by the expert’s subjective judgment;(2)the likelihood function that cannot always describe the true likelihood;and(3)the posterior distribution approximation method,such as the Markov Chain Monte Carlo,which requires significant computation *** overcome this,a new approach using a generator-regularized continuous conditional generative adversarial network(GRcGAN)is presented in this *** target parameters of the DOE reference building model were *** was trained to estimate uncertain parameters using simulated monthly electricity and gas *** can successfully estimate five uncertain parameters based on 1,000 training data *** proposed approach presents a potential for stochastic parameter estimation.

关键词： generative adversarial networks generative model parameter estimation inverse problem model calibration parameter uncertainty

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Activation or exhaustion of CD8^(+) T cells in patients with COVID-19

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第10期18卷 2325-2333页

作者： Min-Seok Rha Eui-cheol shin Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea Department of Otorhinolaryngology Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea.3 The Center for Epidemic PreparednessKAISTDaejeonRepublic of Korea

In addition to CD4^(+)T cells and neutralizing antibodies,CD8^(+)T cells contribute to protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),an ongoing pandemic *** patients with COVID-19,CD8^(+)T cells exhibiting activated phenotypes are commonly observed,although the absolute number of CD8^(+)T cells is *** addition,several studies have reported an upregulation of inhibitory immune checkpoint receptors,such as PD-1,and the expression of exhaustion-associated gene signatures in CD8^(+)T cells from patients with ***,whether CD8^(+)T cells are truly exhausted during COVID-19 has been a controversial *** the present review,we summarize the current understanding of CD8^(+)T-cell exhaustion and describe the available knowledge on the phenotypes and functions of CD8^(+)T cells in the context of activation and *** also summarize recent reports regarding phenotypical and functional analyses of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8^(+)T cells and discuss long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8^(+)T-cell memory.

关键词： CD8^(+)T cell Activation T-cell exhaustion SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19

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Current innovations and future prospects of metal oxide electrospun materials for supercapacitor technology:A review

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第35期166卷 208-233页

作者： Sonali Ajay Beknalkar Aviraj Mahadev Teli Jae cheol shin Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dongguk University-Seoul30Pildong-roJung-guSeoul 04620South Korea

Metal oxides with one-dimensional(1-D)nanostructures have shown promise as electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their unique properties,such as high aspect ratio,increased interaction between electrode and electrolyte,favourable mechanical strength,and short ion transportation pathways that im-prove the charge-discharge rates of electrons and *** is an effective technique for cre-ating 1-D metal oxide nanostructures that produce highly porous nanofibrous structures with exceptional specific surface areas,predictable pore size distributions,and tunable interconnected *** paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature on electrospun metal oxide nanostructures for superca-pacitors,including the principles and key parameters of electrospinning,an overview of supercapacitors,the charge storage mechanism of electrospun metal oxides,and recent developments in 1-D electrospun nanostructures,from binary to ternary metal *** review also discusses unresolved issues and future directions in this research ***,this paper offers valuable insights into the latest devel-opments,unresolved issues,and prospects of 1-D nanostructured metal oxides fabricated through elec-trospinning for supercapacitor applications,providing a critical analysis of their potential in this rapidly evolving field.

关键词： Electrospinning Supercapacitor Metal oxides New strategies Nanofibers

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Recent research progress on magnesium alloys in Korea:A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第10期11卷 3545-3584页

作者： Sung Hyuk Park Ye jin Kim Hyun ji Kim Sang-cheol jin Jong Un Lee Alexander Komissarov Kwang Seon shin School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Laboratory of Hybrid Nanostructured Materials National University of Science and TechnologyMoscow 119049Russia Laboratory of Medical Bioresorption and Bioresistance Moscow State University of Medicine and DentistryMoscow 127473Russia Magnesium Technology Innovation Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

This review highlights the recent advancements in Mg research in South Korea with a prime focus on high-speed-extrudable Mg–Bi-based alloys for high productivity and strength,innovative techniques utilizing{10–12}twinning for improved mechanical properties,and alloying and processing methods for enhanced corrosion ***-alloyed Mg–Bi-based alloys possess thermally stableα-Mg matrix and secondary phase,which ensures high-speed extrusion of these alloys at elevated temperatures without hot ***,they exhibit outstanding extrudability with a maximum extrusion speed of up to 70 m/***,their high alloying contents offer excellent strength even after high-speed extrusion through strong solid solution hardening and particle hardening effects,making them suitable for high-performance extruded Mg *** pre-twinning process utilizing{10–12}twinning and the combined process of pre-twinning and subsequent annealing have shown promise in controlling microstructure and texture of wrought Mg alloys and thus enhancing their mechanical *** pre-twinning process enhances tensile strength,fatigue properties,and age-hardening rate of Mg ***,the combined processes of pre-twinning and subsequent annealing considerably improve their ductility,stretch formability,bending formability,and damping *** have been made to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys through alloying additions,process treatments,and surface *** elements like Ca,Sc,and Sm alter the microstructural features(such as secondary phases and grain size)that affect the corrosion *** treatments such as multidirectional forging,screw rolling,and pulse electron beam can also improve the corrosion resistance by refining the ***,advanced surface coating technologies can create durable and corrosion-resistant layers for effectively protecting the Mg *** these research activities conducted

关键词： South Korea Mg–Bi alloys {10–12}twinning Corrosion Mechanical properties

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Landscapes of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8^(+)T cells:heterogeneity of host immune responses against SARS-CoV-2

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第5期6卷 1399-1401页

作者： June-Young Koh Eui-cheol shin Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea The Center for Epidemic Preparedness KAISTDaejeonRepublic of Korea

In a recent study published in Science Immunology,^Kusnadi et *** single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD8^(+)T cells and reported ***-CoV-2 infection causes COVID-19,which is an ongoing pandemic disease threatening public *** virology of SARS-CoV-2 and immune responses against the virus have been urgently investigated to develop effective measures against *** viral infection,CD84 T cells contribute to elimination of the virus by exerting cytotoxicity against virus-infected cells and producing effector cytokines,whereas neutralizing antibodies interfere with viral entry of host cells.

关键词： al. infection Immunology

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Comprehensive analysis of two-dimensional charge transport mechanism in thin-film transistors based on random networks of single-wall carbon nanotubes using transient measurements

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1524-1531页

作者： Hyeonwoo shin Sang-Joon Park Byeong-cheol Kang Tae-Jun Ha Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Inter-university Semiconductor Research CenterSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Korea

Understanding charge transport mechanisms in thin-film transistors based on random networks of single-wall carbon nanotubes(SWCNT-TFTs)is essential for further advances to improve the potential for various nanoelectronic ***,a comprehensive investigation of the two-dimensional(2D)charge transport mechanism in SWCNT-TFTs is reported by analyzing the temperature-dependent electrical characteristics determined from the direct-current and non-quasi-static transient measurements at 80-300 *** elucidate the time-domain charge transport characteristics of the random networks in the SWCNTs,an empirical equation was derived from a theoretical trapping model,and a carrier velocity distribution was determined from the differentiation of the transient ***,charge trapping and de-trapping in shallow-and deep-traps in SWCNT-TFTs were analyzed by investigating charge transport based on their trapping/de-trapping *** comprehensive analysis of this study provides fundamental insights into the 2D charge transport mechanism in TFTs based on random networks of nanomaterial channels.

关键词： single-wall carbon nanotube random networks two-dimensional(2D)charge transport time-domain transient measurements charge trapping/de-trapping shallow-/deep-traps

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Aged T cells and cardiovascular disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第12期14卷 1009-1010页

作者： Min Kyung Jung Eui-cheol shin Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Memory T cells undergo replicative senescence via repetitive *** in other cells,replicative senescence of T cells is characterized by shortened telomeres.1 Immunophenotypes are also altered in replicative senescent T cells compared to young T *** humans,replicative senescent T cells typically lose expression of CD28,a costimulatory receptor,and acquire the expression of CD57 antigen,a terminally sulfated glycan carbohydrateepitope,1 though the mechanism underlying this regulation has not yet been clearly ***,CD28−or CD57+T cells are considered replicative senescent T cells in humans.

关键词： CD57 cardiovascular typically

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Effects of dispersoid preforming via multistep sintering of oxide dispersion-strengthened CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 187-200页

作者： SeungHyeok Chung ji Ho shin Ho jin Ryu Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Central Research Institute Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co.Ltd.(KHNP)Daejeon 34101Republic of Korea

Dispersoid formation and microstructural evolution in an oxide dispersion-strengthened CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy(HEA)using a newly designed multistep sintering process are *** proposed multistep sintering consists of a dispersoid preforming heat treatment of as-milled 0.1 wt%Y_(2)O_(3)-CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy powders at 800℃,followed by sintering at 800–1000℃ under uniaxial *** the conventional single-step sintered bulk,the coarsened BCC Y_(2)O_(3)dispersoids mainly form with an incoherent interface with the HEA *** contrast,finer FCC Y_(2)O_(3)dispersoids,an atypical form of Y_(2)O_(3),are formed in the matrix region after multistep *** of FCC Y_(2)O_(3)disper-soids is initiated on the favorable facet,the{111}plane of the austenitic matrix,with the formation of a semi-coherent interface with the matrix during the dispersoid preforming heat treatment and it maintains its refined size even after *** is found that dispersoid preforming prior to sintering appears promising to control the finer dispersoid formation and refined grain structure.

关键词： Oxide dispersion strengthening High-Entropy alloy Multistep sintering Dispersoid preforming Microstructure evolution Interfacial structure

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