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Development of necrotizing enterocolitis after blood transfusion in very premature neonates

World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第1期19卷 68-75页

作者： Travis l.Odom jessica Eubanks Nusiebeh Redpath Erica Davenport Dmitry Tumin Uduak S.Akpan Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Health Sciences Campus7703 Floyd Curl DriveSan AntonioTX 78229-3900USA Department of Pediatrics Brody School of Medicine at EastCarolina UniversityGreenvilleNCUSA ECU Health Medical Center GreenvilleNCUSA

Background Prior studies report conflicting evidence on the association between packed red blood cell(PRBC)transfu-sions and necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC),especially in early weeks of life where transfusions are frequent and spontaneous intestinal perforation can mimic *** primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between PRBC transfusions and NEC after day of life(DOl)14 in very premature *** A retrospective cohort analysis of very premature neonates was conducted to investigate association between PRBC transfusions and NEC after DOl *** endpoints were PRBC transfusions after DOl 14 until the date of NEC diagnosis,discharge,or *** ranked-sum and Fisher's exact tests,Cox proportional hazards regression,and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze *** Of 549 premature neonates,186(34%)received transfusions after DOl 14 and nine(2%)developed NEC(median DOl=38;interquartile range=32-46).Of the nine with NEC after DOl 14,all were previously transfused(Pld not be *** hoc analysis of patients from DOl 10 onward included five additional patients who developed NEC between DOl 10 and DOl 14,and the hazard of NEC increased by a factor of nearly six after PRBC transfusion(hazard ratio=5.76,95%confidence interval=1.02-32.7;P=0.048).Conclusions Transfusions were strongly associated with NEC after DOl *** studies are needed to determine if restrictive transfusion practices can decrease incidence of NEC after DOl 14.

关键词： Necrotizing enterocolitis Packed red blood cells Transfusions Very low birth weight infants

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local Volunteerism and Resilience Following large-Scale Disaster: Outcomes for Health Support Team Volunteers in Haiti

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第3期5卷 206-213页

作者： jessica A.Carlile Kira Mauseth NoёlE.Clark Jennifer l.Cruz John W.Thoburn Department of Clinical Psychology Seattle Pacific UniversitySeattleWA 98119USA Department of Psychology Seattle UniversitySeattleWA 98122USA

In-depth interviews with local Haitian volunteers trained in a psychological disaster recovery program called Health Support Team(HST) provide insight into the psychosocial outcomes resulting from their engagement with the program. Qualitative interviews were conducted with four male Haitian participants who had survived the January 2010 Haiti earthquake and had worked as HST volunteers for at least 6 months. Interviews were analyzed using narrative inquiry analysis, which allows individuals to discover and disclose a deeper meaning in their experience and enables the researchers to access more detailed data. Previous research supports the claim that volunteerism provides many important psychological benefits, and the results of the present study suggest that among survivors of large-scale disasters, volunteerism is beneficial as a means of increasing psychological resilience and facilitating personal recovery. Results and themes of our analysis included a reported increase in both hope and purpose for the respondents. Findings suggest that volunteerism on the part of members of the surviving community following large-scale disaster increases resilience among the volunteers and further contributes to their recovery.

关键词： Haiti earthquake large-scale disaster Post-disaster resilience Recovery process Volunteerism

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Developing a platform to evaluate and assess the security of wearable devices

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Digital Communications and Networks 2019年第3期5卷 147-159页

作者： Matthew l. Hale Kerolos lotfy Rose F. Gamble Charles Walter jessica lin Department of Cybersecurity School of Interdisciplinary Informatics University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaha NE 68135 USA Tandy School of Computer Science University of Tulsa Tulsa OK 74104 USA

Operating in a body area network around a smartphone user, wearables serve a variety of commercial, medical and personal uses. Depending on a certain smartphone application, a wearable can capture sensitive data about the user and provide critical, possibly life-or-death, functionality. When using wearables, security problems might occur on hardware/software of wearables, connected phone apps or web services devices, or Bluetooth channels used for communication. This paper develops an open source platform called SecuWear for identifying vulnerabilities in these areas and facilitating wearable security research to mitigate them. SecuWear supports the creation, evaluation, and analysis of security vulnerability tests on actual hardwares. Extending earlier results, this paper includes an empirical evaluation that demonstrates proof of concept attacks on commercial wearable devices and shows how SecuWear captures the information necessary for identifying such attacks. Also included is a process for releasing attack and mitigation information to the security community.

关键词： Bluetooth lE Internet of things Man-in-the-middle attacks Security Vulnerability discovery Wearables

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Hydrothermal carbonization of livestock mortality for the reduction of pathogens and microbially-derived DNA

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 107-114页

作者： Thomas F. Ducey jessica C. Collins Kyoung S. Ro Bryan l. Woodbury D. Dee Griffin Coastal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Florence SC 29501 USA South Carolina Governor's School for Science and Mathematics Hartsville SC 29550 USA U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Clay Center NE 68933 USA University of Nebraska-lincoln Great Plains Veterinary Education Center Lincoln NE 68588 USA

Hydrothermal carbonization （HTC）, utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes （ARG）, and contaminants of emerging concern （CEC） in a environmental and economical manner. livestock mortality is one facet of agricultural waste that can pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestock mortality, there remains a paucity of data on the elimination of microbially- derived DNA in these treatment practices. This DNA, most notably ARGs, if it survives treatment can be reintroduced in agricultural environments where it could potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTC treatments have been successfully utilized for the treatment of CECs, however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTC treatment. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by examining the survivability ofmicrobially-derived DNA in the HTC treatment of livestock mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and 200℃） at autogenic pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and 240 min）. We examined the amplification of a plasmid-bome reporter gene carried by Escherichia coli DH 10B introduced to both beef bone and tissue. Results indicate that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable for complete pathogen kill, only temperatures of 150℃ and 200℃ were sufficient for eliminating microbial DNA. These results serve as the basis for future potential HTC treatment recommendations for livestock mortality when considering the elimination of pathogens and ARGs.

关键词： High-temperature carbonization Microbial DNA livestock mortality

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Evaluation of the virulence of entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria fumosorosea isolates against subterranean termites Coptotermes spp.(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 213-218页

作者： J.J.jessica T.l.Peng A.S.Sajap S.H.lee S.A.Syazwan Department of Forest Management Faculty of ForestryUniversiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University Malaysia Kelantan Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Mycology and Pathology laboratory Forest Biodiversity Division Forest Research Institute Malaysia

The entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea Wize, formerly known as Paecilomyces fumosoroseus is reported as a promising biocontrol agent for controlling subterranean termites, particularly those belonging to the family Rhinotermitidae. In Malaysia, the family Rhinotermitidae includes two species of subterranean termites with extremely high economic importance; namely Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, and the Asian Slubterranean Termite (Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann). To comprehend the potential control of this soil-dwelling fungus against these subterranean termites in Malaysia, an investigation was carried out by testing the pathogenecity of 11 isolates against these termite species. All isolates showed pathogenic potential against the termite (Mortality rate of C. curvignathus:84.4%; C. gestroi:67.3%). IsolatePF49 was the most effective against both species of termites and was further tested for its virulence and *** lC_(50) values of PF49 against C. curvignathus and *** were 7.55×103 and 1.09×102 conidia/ml,respectively. The average number of days required to complete the mycosis process in C. curvignathus and *** were 4.7 and 8 days, respectively. These fungi are believed useful for protecting living trees, plants, wood,wood structures, and other cellulosic materials susceptible to termite infestation and damage.

关键词： Biological control Entomopathogenic fungus Subterranean termites lethal concentration

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Exercise as a therapy for cancer-induced muscle wasting

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2020年第4期2卷 186-194页

作者： jessica l.Halle Brittany R.Counts James A.Carson Integrative Muscle Biology laboratory Division of Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Health ProfessionsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Cancer cachexia is a progressive disorder characterized by body weight,fat,and muscle *** induces metabolic disruptions that can be analogous and distinct from those observed in cancer,obscuring both diagnosis and treatment ***,hypogonadism,and physical inactivity are widely investigated as systemic mediators of cancer-induced muscle *** the cellular level,dysregulation of protein turnover and energy metabolism can negatively impact muscle mass and *** is well known for its anti-inflammatory effects and potent stimulation of anabolic *** evidence suggests the potential for exercise to rescue muscle's sensitivity to anabolic stimuli,reduce wasting through protein synthesis modulation,myokine release,and subsequent downregulation of proteolytic *** date,there is no recommendation for exercise in the management of *** its complex nature,a multimodal approach incorporating exercise offers promising potential for cancer cachexia *** review's primary objective is to summarize the growing body of research examining exercise regulation of cancer ***,we will provide evidence for exercise interactions with established systemic and cellular regulators of cancer-induced muscle wasting.

关键词： Physical activity Anabolic resistance Inflammation Il-6 Metabolic dysfunction Protein turnover

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linking microbial community analysis and ecosystem studies: A rapid lipid analysis protocol for high throughput

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Soil Ecology letters 2019年第1期1卷 22-32页

作者： Teri C.Balser Chao liang jessica l.M.Gutknecht Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-Madison1525 Observatory DriveMadisonWI 53706USA Faculty of Science and Engineering Curtin UniversityPerthWestern Australia6845 Australia Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of Minnesota439 Borlaug Hall1991 Upper Buford CircleSt.PaulMN 55108USA

During the past two decades interest in linking soil microbial community composition and activity with ecosystem scale field studies of nutrient cycling or plant community response to disturbances has *** its importance there are challenges in making this *** is the question of analytical *** general,microbiological community-level methodologies have not been readily adaptable to the large sample sizes necessary for ecosystem-scale *** a result,it has been difficult to generate compatible microbial and ecosystem data *** lipid analysis shows potential as a middle ground between simple biomass measures and molecular ***,the two protocols that have most often been followed are either rapid but indiscriminate(total lipid analysis or fatty acid methyl ester analysis;FAME),or precise but time consuming(phospholipid fatty acid analysis;PlFA).In this paper we report results from a standardized soil used test a modified extraction method(the‘hybrid’method)developed to balance the speed of FAME and the precision of PlFA in order to increase sample *** comparing the three methods,we find that FAME and PlFA are qualitatively and quantitatively *** FAME method yielded the highest fatty acid abundance,but also had high variance resulting in low *** PlFA method had precision,but low ***‘hybrid’method fell midway between FAME and PlFA for quantitative fatty acid *** addition,the hybrid extraction can be completed in a fraction of the time it takes for *** hybrid protocol appears to provide an optimal balance between effort and accuracy and therefore is a good choice for large-scale ecosystem studies.

关键词： Microbial community composition lipid analysis PlFA MIDI-FAME Ecosystem studies

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Putative nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits express differentially through the life cycle of codling moth, Cydia pomonella （lepidoptera： Tortricidae）

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Insect Science 2016年第2期23卷 277-287页

作者： jessica A. Martin Stephen F. Garczynski USDA-ARS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato WA 98951 USA

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors （nAChRs） are the targets of neonicotinoids and spinosads, two insecticides used in orchards to effectively control codling moth, Cydia pomonella （l.）（lepidoptera： Tortricidae）. Orchardists in Washington State are concerned about the possibility of codling moth field populations developing resistance to these two insecticides. In an effort to help mitigate this issue, we initiated a project to identify and characterize codling moth nAChR subunits expressed in heads. This study had two main goals; （i） identify transcripts from a codling moth head transcriptome that encode for nAChR subunits, and （ii） determine nAChR subunit expression profiles in various life stages of codling moth. From a codling moth head transcriptome, 24 transcripts encoding for 12 putative nAChR subunit classes were identified and verified by PCR amplification, cloning, and sequence determination. Characterization of the deduced protein sequences encoded by putative nAChR transcripts revealed that they share the distinguishing features of the cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel superfamily with 9 α-type subunits and 3 β- type subunits identified. Phylogenetic analysis comparing these protein sequences to those of other insect nAChR subunits supports the identification of these proteins as nAChR subunits. Stage expression studies determined that there is clear differential expression of many of these subunits throughout the codling moth life cycle. The information from this study will be used in the future to monitor for potential target-site resistance mechanisms to neonicotinoids and spinosads in tolerant codling moth populations.

关键词： codling moth nAChR expression nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits

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Comparison of l-band and X-band differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar for mine subsidence monitoring in central Utah

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 159-163页

作者： jessica M.Wempen Michael K.McCarter Department of Mining Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112USA

Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(DIn SAR), a satellite-based remote sensing technique, has potential application for measuring mine subsidence on a regional scale with high spatial and temporal resolutions. However, the characteristics of synthetic aperture radar(SAR) data and the effectiveness of DIn SAR for subsidence monitoring depend on the radar band(wavelength). This study evaluates the effectiveness of DIn SAR for monitoring subsidence due to longwall mining in central Utah using l-band(24 cm wavelength) SAR data from the advanced land observing satellite(AlOS)and X-band(3 cm wavelength) SAR data from the Terra SAR-X mission. In the Wasatch Plateau region of central Utah, which is characterized by steep terrain and variable ground cover conditions, areas affected by longwall mine subsidence are identifiable using both l-band and X-band DIn ***, using l-band data, subsidence magnitudes are measurable. Compared to X-band, l-band data are less affected by signal saturation due to large deformation gradients and by temporal decorrelation due to changes in the surface conditions over time. The l-band data tend to be stable over relatively long periods(months). Short wavelength X-band data are strongly affected by signal saturation and temporal decorrelation, but regions of subsidence are typically identifiable over short periods(days). Additionally,though subsidence magnitudes are difficult to precisely measure in the central Utah region using X-band data, they can often be reasonably estimated.

关键词： Mine subsidence DInSAR Terra SAR-X AlOS Interferometry

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Functionalized, carbon nanotube material for the catalytic degradation of organophosphate nerve agents

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Nano Research 2014年第3期7卷 390-398页

作者： Mark M. Bailey John M. Heddleston Jeffrey Davis jessica l. Staymates Angela R. Hight Walker National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Semiconductor and Dimensional Metrology Division Gaithersburg MD USA National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Materials Measurement Science Division Gaithersburg MD USA Present Address: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) Center for Aerobiological Sciences Fort Detrick MD USA

Recent world events have emphasized the need to develop innovative, functional materials that will safely neutralize chemical warfare （CW） agents in situ to protect military personnel and civilians from dermal exposure. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel, proof-of-concept design for a Cu-containing catalyst, chemically bonded to a single-wall carbon nanotube （SWCNT） structural support, to effectively degrade an organophosphate simulant. SWCNTs have high tensile strength and are flexible and light-weight, which make them a desirable structural component for unique, fabric-like materials. This study aims to develop a self-decontaminating, carbon nanotube-derived material that can ultimately be incorporated into a wearable fabric or protective material to minimize dermal exposure to organophosphate nerve agents and to prevent accidental exposure during decontamination procedures. Carboxylated SWCNTs were functionalized with a polymer, which contained Cu-chelating bipyridine groups, and their catalytic activity against an organophosphate simulant was measured over time. The catalytically active, functionalized nanomaterial was characterized using X-ray fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. Assuming zeroth-order reaction kinetics, the hydrolysis rate of the organophosphate simulant, as monitored by UV-vis absorption in the presence of the catalytically active nanomaterial, was 63 times faster than the uncatalyzed hydrolysis rate for a sample containing only carboxylated SWCNTs or a control sample containing no added nanotube materials.

关键词： single-wall carbonnanotubefunctionalization catalytically-activenanomaterial chemical warfare agent

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