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Microglia regulation of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 705-716页

作者： jessica Cornell Shelbi Salinas Hou-Yuan Huang Miou Zhou Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences Western University of Health SciencesPomonaCAUSA

Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous *** possess varied morphologies and *** normal physiological conditions,microglia mainly exist in a resting state and constantly monitor their microenvironment and survey neuronal and synaptic *** the C1 q,C3 and CR3"Eat Me"and CD47 and SIRPα"Don't Eat Me"complement pathways,as well as other pathways such as CX3 CR1 signaling,resting microglia regulate synaptic pruning,a process crucial for the promotion of synapse formation and the regulation of neuronal activity and synaptic *** mediating synaptic pruning,resting microglia play an important role in the regulation of experience-dependent plasticity in the barrel cortex and visual cortex after whisker removal or monocular deprivation,and also in the regulation of learning and memory,including the modulation of memory strength,forgetfulness,and memory *** a response to brain injury,infection or neuroinflammation,microglia become activated and increase in *** microglia change to an amoeboid shape,migrate to sites of inflammation and secrete proteins such as cytokines,chemokines and reactive oxygen *** molecules released by microglia can lead to synaptic plasticity and learning and memory deficits associated with aging,Alzheimer's disease,traumatic brain injury,HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder,and other neurological or mental disorders such as autism,depression and post-traumatic stress *** a focus mainly on recently published literature,here we reviewed the studies investigating the role of resting microglia in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory,as well as how activated microglia modulate disease-related plasticity and learning and memory *** summarizing the function of microglia in these processes,we aim to provide an overview of microglia regulation of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory,and to discuss the possibility of microglia manipul

关键词： aging Alzheimer's disease cognitive deficits experience-dependent plasticity learning and memory mental disorders microglia synaptic plasticity synaptic pruning

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Community-acquired pneumonia with Acinetobacter radioresistens bacteremia in an immunocompetent host:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第6期12卷 288-290页

作者： Yi Hern tan Lishan jessica Quah Humaira Shafi Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Changi General Hospital529889Singapore Department of Infectious Diseases Changi General Hospital529889Singapore

Rationale: Acinetobacter radioresistens is a non-fermentative Gram-negative coccobacillus that is environmentally ubiquitous and is an uncommon cause of pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient with no known chronic medical illness. Patient concerns: A middle-aged Asian male with a smoking history presented with fever and cough. Physical examination was unremarkable. Chest imaging was consistent with pulmonary parenchymal infection and blood culture grew Acinetobacter radioresistens. Diagnosis: Community acquired pneumonia with Acinetobacter radioresistens ***: The patient received a combination of intravenous and oral ampicillinsulbactam over 2 ***: Repeat blood cultures showed resolution of bacteremia. Completion of antimicrobial treatment saw resolution of respiratory symptoms and radiological pneumonic changes. Lessons: Acinetobacter radioresistens causing community-acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent host has never been described before. It may be a novel emerging infectious agent in pulmonary infections. Its clinical course in this immunocompetent patient appears to be relatively benign.

关键词： Case report Acinetobacter baumanii BlaOXA-23 gene Carbapenem-hydrolyzing oxacillinases Rare respiratory infections

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Control of CAR-T cell activity in space and time:the next level of anti-tumor action

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第5期8卷 2035-2037页

作者： jessica Hoppstädter Alexandra K.Kiemer Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical BiologySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany

In two recent papers published in Science,advanced synthetic biology techniques were used to overcome the limitations of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cell therapy:In one case,CAR-T cells were successfully introduced into and maintained in solid tumors,1 and in another approach,CAR-T cell proliferation and activation could be turned on and off in a time-dependent manner by drug administration.2 These approaches might improve therapy for a large number of solid malignancies.

关键词： CAR therapy overcome

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Coordination chemistry of surface-associated ligands for solid-liquid adsorption of rare-earth elements

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第1期41卷 1-18页

作者： jessica L.Hovey Timothy M.Dittrich Matthew J.Allen Department of Chemistry Wayne State University5101 Cass AvenueDetroitMI48202USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 5050 Anthony Wayne DriveWayne State UniversityDetroitMIl48202USA

General guidelines for the design of ligands for the enrichment of rare-earth elements by solid-liquid adsorption are described using coordination *** properties of ligands include selectivity of metal ions based on adjustment of donor atom polarizability,denticity,and the pKarange of the binding *** selectivity of solid-phase materials for the enrichment of rare-earth ions by the ligand design guidelines is outlined,with special consideration of additional variable factors including steric hindrance,saturated binding sites,variability in speciation caused by the identity of counterions and ionic strength,and size-exclusivity in ligands stemming from differences in bite angle,preo rganization of ligands,or intraligand *** review analyzes some principles of selectivity of rare-earth elements with ligands organized by donor type from examples collected from reports published between 2009 and 2021.

关键词： Chelating ligand Coordination chemistry Solid-phase material Rare-earth element Separation Solid-liquid extraction

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Corneal neurotization: a narrative review of techniques, outcomes, and surgical considerations

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Annals of Eye Science 2023年第2期8卷 1-13页

作者： jessica Zhang Anne Barmettler Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Montefiore Medical CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA

Background and Objective:Corneal neurotization is a novel surgical technique used to restore corneal sensation in patients with neurotrophic *** keratopathy is a disorder characterized by dysfunction of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve,which provides sensory innervation to the *** sensation,the cornea is at risk of infection,ulceration,perforation,and ultimately,vision *** neurotization has emerged as an innovative technique to reinnervate anesthetized corneas by transferring a healthy donor nerve to the affected eye around the corneoscleral *** the field of corneal neurotization rapidly grows,there is a need to synthesize the existing body of literature on corneal neurotization and identify important areas for further *** this review,we will discuss neurotrophic keratopathy and its current management strategies,followed by an overview of corneal neurotization techniques,outcomes,surgical considerations,and future ***:PubMed and Google Scholar searches were conducted to retrieve and analyze relevant original papers and reviews on neurotrophic keratopathy and corneal neurotization up until April *** Content and Findings:Currently,numerous techniques for corneal neurotization exist,including direct nerve transfers,as well as indirect neurotization via interposition nerve *** far,corneal neurotization has been shown to be highly successful in restoring corneal sensation,improving visual acuity,and improving corneal epithelial *** date,there have been no significant differences in outcomes between direct versus indirect neurotization techniques,different donor nerves,or autologous versus allogeneic interposition ***,there is some evidence that corneal neurotization procedures may be more successful in pediatric ***:Corneal neurotization shows great promise in treating neurotrophic corneas and represents the first management option to date tha

关键词： Corneal neurotization neurotrophic keratopathy corneal sensation neurotrophic cornea

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Single organ hepatic artery vasculitis as an unusual cause of epigastric pain:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第26期10卷 9384-9389页

作者： Rojin Kaviani jessica Farrell Natasha Dehghan Sarvee Moosavi Internal Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver V5Z 1M9British ColumbiaCanada Division of Radiology Providence Health CareVancouver V5T 3N4British ColumbiaCanada Division of Rheumatology Providence Health CareVancouver V5T 3N4British ColumbiaCanada Division of Gastroenterology University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6Z 2K5British ColumbiaCanada

BACKGROUND Single-organ vasculitis(SOV)is characterized by inflammation of a blood vessel,affecting one organ,such as the skin,genitourinary system,or the aorta without systemic *** SOV is rare,with hepatic artery involvement reported only in two prior published ***,we presented a case of isolated hepatic artery vasculitis presenting after Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** SUMMARY A 50-year-old woman with hypertension presented to our Emergency Department with recurrent diffuse abdominal pain that localized to the epigastrium and emesis without diarrhea that began eight days after the second dose of the PfizerBioNTech COVID-19 *** work revealed an elevated C-reactive protein(CRP)of 19 mg/L(normaltaneously *** High clinical suspicion of SOV is required for diagnosis in patients with acute abdominal pain and dyspepsia.

关键词： Single organ vasculitis Hepatic artery gastrointestinal vasculitis COVID-19 vaccine Hepatic artery vasculitis Case report

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Simulating traumatic brain injury in vitro:developing high throughput models to test biomaterial based therapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 289-292页

作者： Raja Haseeb Basit jessica Wiseman Farhana Chowdhury Divya Maitreyi Chari Bradford Royal infirmary BradfordWest YorkshireUK Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Labcorp Drug Development HarrogateUK Neural Tissue Engineering Keele Group School of MedicineKeele UniversityStaffordshireUK

Traumatic brain injuries are serious clinical incidents associated with some of the poorest outcomes in neurological *** with the limited regenerative capacity of the brain,this has significant implications for patients,carers,and healthcare systems,and the requirement for life-long care in some *** treatment currently focuses on limiting the initial neural damage with longterm care/support from multidisciplinary *** targeting neuroprotection and neural regeneration are not currently available but are the focus of intensive ***-based interventions are gaining popularity for a range of applications including biomolecule and drug delive ry,and to function as cellular *** investigations into the development of such novel therapeutics for traumatic brain injury will be critically underpinned by the availability of appropriate high thro ughput,facile,ethically viable,and pathomimetic biological model *** represents a significant challenge for researchers given the pathological complexity of traumatic brain ***,there is a concerted post-injury response mounted by multiple neural cell types which includes microglial activation and astroglial scarring with the expression of a range of growth inhibito ry molecules and cytokines in the lesion ***,we review common models used for the study of traumatic brain injury(ranging from live animal models to in vitro systems),focusing on penetrating traumatic brain injury *** discuss their relative advantages and drawbacks for the developmental testing of biomaterial-based therapies.

关键词： astroglial scar biomaterial cortical culture in vitro model microglial infiltration multicellular model penetrating injury scaffold traumatic brain injury

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Female urethral stricture:techniques for reconstruction

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 434-444页

作者： Ignacio Alvarez de Toledo jessica DeLong Department of Urology Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVA 23462USA

Female urethral stricture(FUS)is a rare *** was not studied robustly for many years,but interest has grown recently in the reconstructive urology community,leading to an increase in *** this review,we gather the latest data regarding FUS and its different therapeutic *** are summarized,split by *** also review the recently published European *** addition,we share our preferred surgical technique and our views on future *** FUS can often be challenging and requires a high index of clinical *** vague clinical symptoms and empiric initial treatments combine to make FUS an underdiagnosed *** lack of consensus on how to define FUS also compounds the *** diagnosis requires thorough investigation,and ancillary studies such as video urodynamics,cystoscopy,and voiding cystourethrogram may be *** options range from conservative management to definitive procedures,although studies have shown that conservative measures such as urethral dilation have a low success rate *** definitive management,augmented urethroplasty-using either flaps or grafts,has proven to be the gold *** have shown excellent results over time;however,there is insufficient data available to recommend one over the *** data has an overall poor level of *** challenging due to the rarity of the problem,a proper randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the principal surgical options and their outcomes would be beneficial and would allow for more informed decision making when considering options for women with urethral stricture.

关键词： Urethra female urethral stricture female urethroplasty buccal mucosal graft vaginal flap

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Functional in vivo assessment of stem cell-secreted pro-oligodendroglial factors

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2194-2196页

作者： jessica Schira-Heinen Iria Samper Agrelo Veronica Estrada Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Neuroregeneration LaboratoryMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

The role of adult neural stem cells(NSCs)in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system(CNS):Multipotent NSCs hold great potential for cell replacement in diseases and upon injury of the *** from radial glial cells during nervous system development,adult NSCs are localized in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone(SVZ)of the lateral brain ventricles,the main neurogenic zones of the adult *** precursor cells(type 1 cells)exhibiting properties of radial glial cells give rise to granule neurons through distinct intermediate precursor cells,and integrate into the hippocampal circuitry[reviewed by Kempermann et al.(2015)].Likewise,under physiological conditions,neuron generation by mouse SVZ-derived NSCs(also known as type B cells)is the predominant cell fate,which thereby results in large numbers of transient amplifying precursor cells(also known as type C cells)which in turn differentiate into neuroblasts(type A cells).These cells migrate along the rostral migratory stream into the olfactory bulb where they undergo maturation into local *** structure of the rodent SVZ differs from that of the human SVZ since the proliferative capacity is reduced,and migration of neuroblasts is a rare event in adult humans[reviewed by Lim and Alvarez-Buylla(2016)].

关键词： thereby migrate predominant

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Delivery of acupuncture in clinical trials:Research acupuncturists’perspectives

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第4期21卷 315-319页

作者： Joyce K.Anastasi Bernadette Capili jessica Neumaier Londa Hackett Division of Special Studies in Symptom Management New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10010USA Heilbrunn Family Center for Research Nursing the Rockefeller UniversityNew YorkNY 10065USA

Delivery of acupuncture in the setting of a clinical trial is a unique practice that diverges significantly from the delivery of acupuncture in a real-world clinical setting. Research acupuncturists, particularly those trained in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), are often required to set aside valued precepts of traditional care, including diagnosing imbalances, individualizing treatment, and forging a therapeutic relationship with patients. TCM-trained acupuncturists express mixed feelings about participating in clinical trials. Many are eager to play a vital role in the advancement of acupuncture science and appreciate the need for strict protocol adherence to minimize bias. However, the acupuncturist(s) may also have concerns about clinical trial methodology, including but not limited to the delivery of a control condition, e.g., sham acupuncture. Investigators should anticipate certain questions and even a level of resistance to the requirements of research among acupuncturists and be prepared to address them. This manuscript presents a brief review of the subjective experience of the research acupuncturist within the available scientific literature as it pertains to the delivery of active and sham clinical research protocols. Our goals are to better understand the perspectives of acupuncturists who may participate in clinical research, so that their concerns may be addressed in study design and methodology. To that end, we suggest the creation of a novel training program specifically for clinical trial acupuncturists, intended for qualified TCM-and Western-trained practitioners, that would help to standardize the research acupuncturist’s role and help to strengthen the design and execution of acupuncture studies.

关键词： Acupuncture Traditional Chinese medicine Clinical protocols Health knowledge,attitudes,practice Researcher-subject relationship Placebos

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