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A Content Analysis Study Describing Information Regarding Female Genital Mutilation Present in US Medical Textbooks

Advances in Sexual Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 31-47页

作者： jennifer Ofoe Department of Sociology and Anthropology Western Illinois University Macomb USA

This study examines the depth of information regarding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)/Female Cutting (FC) present in US medical textbooks. According to Klein et al. (2018) [1], despite substantial attention regarding the effects of FGM, this practice is still ongoing all over the world. Healthcare providers are very important actors who need to understand FGM in order to provide care to girls and women subjected to it, but the small amount of existing work in this area shows a low level of knowledge and training about FGM/FC among U.S. physicians. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) first published the estimated number of girls at risk of FGM/FC in the U.S. to be about 168,000 in 1997;that number had increased to 513,000 girls in the US by 2012 (according to Goldberg et al.) In this study, a small sample of medical textbooks were analyzed for the degree to which the textbooks include information regarding FGM/FC. The results of this study show that US medical textbooks do not include information regarding FGM/FC, suggesting that most medical providers don’t have knowledge and training about FGM/FC. The inadequate information on FGM/FC in medical textbooks reflects a culturally biased lack of recognition of the number of girls and women affected in the US. This maintains an ongoing pattern of silence that reinforces gender inequality. Considering the inadequate information covered in US medical textbooks on FGM/FC, and the concordant lack of provider training to provide advice and care to affected girls and women, incorrect and missed diagnoses may lead to harm to victims of FGM/FC. Providers would be better equipped to care for women and girls if their medical training included information regarding FGM/FC.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation Textbook Analysis

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Primary care providers practice patterns regarding female pelvic floor disorders

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 9-15页

作者： Anna Weimer jennifer L Hallock Chi Chiung Grace Chen Magee-Women's Hospital of UPMC PittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Kaiser Permanente Northern California SacramentoCaliforniaUSA Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Campus BaltimoreMarylandUSA

Introduction Pelvic floor disorders(PFDs)pose substantial physical and psychological burdens for a growing number of *** the ubiquity of these conditions and known patient reluctance to seek care,primary care providers(PCPs)have a unique opportunity to increase treatment and provide appropriate referrals for these *** An online survey was administered to PCPs to assess provider practices,knowledge,comfort managing and ease of referral for *** regression was used to assess the association between demographic/practice characteristics of PCPs and two primary outcomes of interest:discomfort with management and difficulty with referral of *** Of the 153 respondents to the survey,more felt comfortable managing stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and overactive bladder(OAB),compared with pelvic organ prolapse(POP)and faecal incontinence(FI)and were less likely to refer patients with urinary *** providers elicited symptoms for POP and FI as compared with SUI and *** variables that were significantly associated with discomfort with management varied by PFD,but tended to correlate with less exposure to PFDs(eg,those with fewer years of practice,and internal medicine and family physicians as compared with geriatricians);whereas the factors that were significantly associated with difficulty in referral,again varied by PFD,but were related to practice characteristics(eg,specialist network,type of practice,practice setting and quantity of patients).Conclusion These findings highlight the need to increase PCPs awareness of PFDs and develop effective standardised screening protocols,as well as collaboration with pelvic floor specialists to improve screening,treatment and referral for patients with PFDs.

关键词： bladder floor difficulty

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DeepRice: A deep learning and deep feature based classification of Rice leaf disease subtypes

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 34-49页

作者： P.Isaac Ritharson Kumudha Raimond X.Anitha Mary jennifer Eunice Robert Andrew J Department of CSE Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences CoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia Department of Robotics Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatoreIndia Department of Mechatronics Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka 576104India

Rice stands as a crucial staple food globally,with its enduring sustainability hinging on the prompt detection of rice leaf ***,efficiently detecting diseases when they have already occurred holds paramount importance for solving the cost of manual visual identification and chemical *** the recent past,the identification of leaf pathologies in crops predominantly relies on manual methods using specialized equipment,which proves to be time-consuming and *** study offers a remedy by harnessing Deep Learning(DL)and transfer learning techniques to accurately identify and classify rice leaf diseases.A comprehensive dataset comprising 5932 self-generated images of rice leaves was assembled along with the benchmark datasets,categorized into 9 classes irrespective of the extent of disease spread across the *** classes encompass diverse states including healthy leaves,mild and severe blight,mild and severe tungro,mild and severe blast,as well as mild and severe brown *** meticulous manual labelling and dataset segmentation,which was validated by horticulture experts,data augmentation strategies were implemented to amplify the number of *** datasets were subjected to evaluation using the proposed tailored Convolutional Neural Networks *** performance are scrutinized in conjunction with alternative transfer learning approaches like VGG16,Xception,ResNet50,DenseNet121,Inception ResnetV2,and Inception *** effectiveness of the proposed custom VGG16 model was gauged by its capacity to generalize to unseen images,yielding an exceptional accuracy of 99.94%,surpassing the benchmarks set by existing state-of-the-art ***,the layer wise feature extraction is also visualized as the interpretable AI.

关键词： Rice leaf disease Deep learning CNN Crop yield Agriculture Food security

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The trxG protein ULT1 regulates Arabidopsis organ size by interacting with TCP14/15 to antagonize the LIM peptidase DA1 for H3K4me3 on target genes

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 255-274页

作者： Fan Xu Huixue Dong Weijun Guo Liang Le Yexing Jing jennifer C.Fletcher Jiaqiang Sun Li Pu Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Plant Gene Expression Center United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceAlbanyCA 94710USA These authors contributed equally to this article

Plant organ size is an important agronomic trait that makes a significant contribution to plant *** its central importance,the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying organ size control remain to be fully ***,we report that the trithorax group protein ULTRAPETALA1(ULT1)interacts with the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF14/15(TCP14/15)transcription factors by antagonizing the LIN-11,ISL-1,and MEC-3(LIM)peptidase DA1,thereby regulating organ size in *** of ULT1 function significantly increases rosette leaf,petal,silique,and seed size,whereas overexpression of ULT1 results in reduced organ ***1 associates with TCP14 and TCP15 to co-regulate cell size by affecting cellular *** analysis revealed that ULT1 and TCP14/15 regulate common target genes involved in endoreduplication and leaf ***1 can be recruited by TCP14/15 to promote lysine 4 of histone H3 trimethylation at target genes,activating their expression to determinefinal cell ***,we found that ULT1 influences the interaction of DA1 and TCP14/15 and antagonizes the effect of DA1 on TCP14/15 ***,ourfindings reveal a novel epigenetic mechanism underlying the regulation of organ size in Arabidopsis.

关键词： ULT1 TCP DA1 organ size endoreduplication

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Individual and geospatial factors associated with receipt of colorectal cancer screening:a state-wide mixed-level analysis

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 18-25页

作者： jennifer E Bayly Mara A Schonberg Marcia C Castro Kenneth J Mukamal Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMassachusettsUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer death in US adults but can be reduced by *** roles of individual and contextual factors,and especially physician supply,in attaining universal CRC screening remains *** We used data from adults 50-75 years old participating in the 2018 New York(NY)Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System linked to county-level covariates,including primary care physician(PCP)density and gastroenterologist(GI)*** were analysed in *** analyses included(1)ecological and geospatial analyses of county-level CRC screening prevalence and(2)individual-level Poisson regression models of receipt of screening,adjusted for socioeconomic and county-level contextual *** Mean prevalence of up-to-date CRC screening was 71%(95%CI 70%to 73%)across NY’s 62 ***-level CRC screening demonstrated significant spatial patterning(Global Moran’s I=0.14,p=0.04),consistent with the existence of county-level contextual *** both county-level and individual-level analyses,lack of health insurance was associated with lower likelihood of up-to-date screening(?−1.09(95%CI−2.00 to-0.19);adjusted prevalence ratio 0.68(95%CI 0.60 to 0.77)),even accounting for age,race/ethnicity and *** contrast,county-level densities of both PCPs and GIs were completely unassociated with screening at either the county or individual *** expected,other determinants at the individual level included education status and *** In this state-wide representative analysis,physician density was completely unassociated with CRC screening,although health insurance status remains strongly *** similar screening environments,broadened insurance coverage for CRC screening is likely to improve screening far more effectively than increased physician supply.

关键词： state screening county

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Leaf habit differentiation explains trait tradeoffs across savanna woody plants

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 287-295页

作者： Yangsiding Wang Da Yang German Vargas G. Guangyou Hao jennifer S.Powers Yan Ke Qin Wang Yunbing Zhang Jiaolin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Biological Sciences University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Ecology Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA

Identifying how leaf habit subdivisions link to the fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance trait tradeoffs can provide new insight into divergence in ecophysiological strategies among plant functional groups. Here, we tested a hypothesis that the differentiation across deciduous, semi-deciduous and evergreen woody species contributes to physiological trait tradeoffs in a dry-hot valley savanna. We investigated 11 photosynthetic, morphological and hydraulic traits of 24 species including 8 deciduous, 10 semi-deciduous and 6 evergreen species. Deciduous species were grouped in the fast and avoidance side associated with high values of maximum photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance and leaf size, while evergreen species were grouped in the slow and tolerance side associated with high photosynthetic water use efficiency, leaf mass per area, sapwood density, Huber value, leaf water potential at turgor loss point and water potential causing 50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance. Semideciduous species generally had intermediate trait values and represented different physiological characteristics when compared to deciduous and evergreen species. The physiological trait tradeoffs showed a close linkage to the differentiation of these three leaf habits. Our findings clearly reveal trait tradeoffs related to fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance strategies among diverse savanna plants, suggesting a syndrome in multiple ecophysiology strategies across different leaf habits.

关键词： Dry-hot habitat Gas exchange Hydraulics Phenology Tolerance Valley savanna

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Simultaneous genetic transformation and genome editing of mixed lines in soybean(Glycine max)and maize(Zea mays)

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aBIOTECH 2024年第2期5卷 169-183页

作者： Michelle Valentine David Butruille Frederic Achard Steven Beach Brent Brower-Toland Edward Cargill Megan Hassebrock jennifer Rinehart Thomas Ream Yurong Chen Bayer Crop Science 700 Chesterfield Parkway WChesterfieldMO 63017USA

Robust genome editing technologies are becoming part of the crop breeding ***,genome editing is usually conducted either at a single locus,or multiple loci,in a variety at one *** parallel genomics platforms,multifaceted genome editing capabilities,and flexible transformation systems enable targeted variation at nearly any locus,across the spectrum of genotypes within a *** demonstrate here the simultaneous transformation and editing of many genotypes,by targeting mixed seed embryo explants with genome editing machinery,followed by re-identification through genotyping after plant *** and Editing of Mixed Lines(TREDMIL)produced transformed individuals representing 101 of 104(97%)mixed elite genotypes in soybean;and 22 of 40(55%)and 9 of 36(25%)mixed maize female and male elite inbred genotypes,*** of edited genotypes for the regenerated individuals identified over 800 distinct edits at the Determinate1(Dt1)locus in samples from 101 soybean genotypes and 95 distinct Brown midrib3(Bm3)edits in samples from 17 maize *** results illustrate how TREDMIL can help accelerate the development and deployment of customized crop varieties for future precision breeding.

关键词： Maize Soybean Seed embryo explants TREDMIL Genetic transformation Genome editing

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Implementation of an international medical student pen-pal club:survey outcomes of perceptions in cultural competency and global health

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Global Health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 11-15页

作者： Max J.Goodman jennifer Livschitz Ji Won Kim Megan L.Schultz Medical College of Wisconsin MilwaukeeWI 53226USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Emergency MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA

Background:Pen-pal clubs(PPC)are used worldwide for students to learn about different cultures and other skillsets without the need for *** medical students are interested in global health opportunities abroad but costs,scheduling,and other barriers allow few to participate in such *** is important that medical students have nuanced global medical perspectives and can contribute to the global medical ***:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that an international medical student PPC improves medical students'perspectives of cultural competency and global health ***:In 2021,a novel medical student PPC was established that began between an American and Japanese medical *** a shareholders meeting,it was decided that the number of medical schools involved globally be expanded through previous institutional affiliations and online *** total,the club connected 50 American medical students and 52 medical students from 17 high-and middle-income *** primary form of communication was online;pen-pals were encouraged to communicate monthly using provided topics,although frequency and way of communication was their *** February 2022,American PPC members were emailed a qualitative survey to assess the PPC's ***:The survey was completed by 42%of American PPC members,95%of which were 22-26 *** were preclinical medical students,60%whom were female and the majority either white(47%)or Asian(43%).Overall,the PPC positively influenced American medical students'perception of global medicine,medical education,and their cultural competency after joining the PPC compared to prior(P=0.004).Conclusion:PPCs encourage medical students to think from a global perspective and foster open-mindedness within varying social and cultural *** a global communication platform for students during medical school education may be an additional way to train aspiring global l

关键词： Pen-pals Medical student Global health Cultural competency

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Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 819-820页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna jennifer Aguilar Emily Lee William J.Mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated ... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol molar dated

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Unroofed coronary sinus,left-sided superior vena cava and mitral insufficiency:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第10期16卷 595-603页

作者： Fouad Bitar Ziad Bulbul Yehya Jassar Rana Zareef jennifer Abboud Mariam Arabi Fadi Fouad Bitar Department of Pediatric and Adolescent American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 1103Lebanon Department of Surgery American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 1103Lebanon

BACKGROUND Unroofed coronary sinus(UCS)is a rare subtype of atrial septal *** is frequently associated with a persistent left superior vena cava and is often part of a more intricate cardiac *** SUMMARY This report describes a rare case of an adolescent patient with UCS featuring atrial situs solitus,absence of the right superior vena cava and a persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium consistent with total unroofing of the coronary *** was associated with concurrent severe mitral insufficiency secondary to redundant and prolapsing leaflets,and a substantial left-to-right shunt across the coronary sinus orifice.A comprehensive examination of the existing literature is included,shedding light on the diagnostic challenges of UCS and describing the available surgical options within the context of mitral valve *** UCS is a complex condition requiring careful consideration of associated anomalies and a tailored surgical approach.

关键词： Unroofed coronary sinus Mitral insufficiency Single left superior vena cava Surgical options Absent right superior vena cava Case report

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