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In vivo measurement of NADH fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle via -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn M.Priest Jacob V.Schluns Nathania Nischal colton L.Gattis jeffrey c.Wolchok Timothy J.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living ***-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TcSPc)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo,enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetime measurement in *** muscle loss(VML)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male Sprague Dawley *** lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADH utilization(cytoplasmic vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering muscle,indicating increased rates of *** injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle overall but decreased over time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TcSPc has the potential to measure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a minimally invasive manner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism volumetric muscle loss

Photoionisation detection of a single Er3+ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 38-45页

作者： Yangbo Zhang Wenda Fan Jiliang Yang Hao Guan Qi Zhang Xi Qin changkui Duan Gabriele G.de Boo Brett c.Johnson jeffrey c.Mc callum Matthew J.Sellars Sven Rogge chunming Yin Jiangfeng Du cAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China cAS center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology School of Physics University of New South Wales centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology School of Engineering RMIT University centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology School of Physics University of Melbourne centre of Excellence for Quantum computation and communication Technology Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University

Efficient detection of single optical centres in solids is essential for quantum information processing, sensing and single-photon generation *** this work,we use radio-frequency（RF） reflectometry to electrically detect the photoionisation induced by a single Er3+ion in *** high bandwidth and sensitivity of the RF reflectometry provide sub-100-ns time resolution for the photoionisation *** this technique,the optically excited state lifetime of a single Er3+ion in a Si nano-transistor is measured for the first time to be 0.49±0.04μ*** results demonstrate an efficient approach for detecting a charge state change induced by Er excitation and *** approach could be used for fast readout of other single optical centres in solids and is attractive for large-scale integrated optical quantum systems thanks to the multi-channel RF reflectometry demonstrated with frequency multiplexing techniques.

关键词： single optical centres erbium ions RF reflectometry photoionisation detection

A medium chain fatty acid, 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (6-HHA), protects against obesity and insulin resistance

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1892-1894页

作者： Sara c.Sebag Meihua Hao Qingwen Qian chawin Upara Qiong Ding Min Zhu jeffrey A.Banas Huojun cao Liu Hong Ling Yang Department of Anatomy and cell Biology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research center University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA Pappajohn Biomedical Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIA 52242USA Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research University of Iowa College of DentistryIowa CityIA 52242USA

To the Editor,Obesity,one of the most serious health concerns worldwide,exacerbates periodontitis pathogenesis and reduces the effectiveness of ***,periodontitis-associated inflammation disrupts systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis,the major risk factors for developing obesity-associated *** studies have demonstrated that certain supplemental dietary lipids such as dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids,have beneficial outcomes for diabetic and obese *** addition to dietary lipid supply,the oral and gut microbiota produce fatty acids(FAs)which provide the host with essential nutrients and aid in defense against *** medium chain FAs(McFAs;6–12 carbons)are bacterial-derived lipids shown to have anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitization effects in diverse cell types such as ***,whether and to what extent oral microbiota-produced McFAs may ameliorate obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction are largely unknown.

关键词： obesity dietary lipids

The proximity between hydroxyl and single atom determines the catalytic reactivity of Rh1/ceO_(2) single-atom catalysts

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 397-406页

作者： Danfeng Wu Shuyun Zhou congcong Du Juan Li Jianyu Huang Hong-xia Shen Abhaya K.Datye Shan Jiang jeffrey T.Miller Sen Lin Haifeng Xiong State Key Laboratory of Physical chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China clean Nano Energy center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and TechnologyYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China college of Biology and chemical Engineering Jiaxing UniversityJiaxing 314000China Department of chemical&Biological Engineering University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 8731-0001USA Davidson School of chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907-2100USA Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Rare-earth Functional Materials Fujian Shanhai Collaborative Innovation Center of Rare-earth Functional MaterialsLongyan 366300China

The local structure of the metal single-atom site is closely related to the catalytic activity of metal single-atom catalysts(SAcs).However,constructing SAcs with homogeneous metal active sites is a challenge due to the surface heterogeneity of the conventional ***,we prepared two Rh1/ceO_(2)SAcs(0.5Rh1/r-ceO_(2)and 0.5Rh1/c-ceO_(2),respectively)using two shaped ceO_(2)(rod and cube)exposing different facets,i.e.,ceO_(2)(111)and ceO_(2)(100).In cO oxidation reaction,the T100 of 0.5Rh1/r-ceO_(2)SAcs is 120°c,while the T100 of 0.5Rh1/c-ceO_(2)SAcs is as high as 200°*** in-situ cO diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(cO-DRIFTS),we found that the proximity between OH group and Rh single atom on the plane surface plays an important role in the catalytic activity of Rh1/ceO_(2)SAc system in cO *** Rh single atom trapped at the ceO_(2)(111)crystal surface forms the Rh1(OH)adjacent species,which is not found on the ceO_(2)(100)crystal surface at room ***,during cO oxidation,the OH group far from Rh single atom on the 0.5Rh1/c-ceO_(2)disappears and forms Rh1(OH)adjacent species when the temperature is above 150°*** formation of Rh1(OH)adjacentcO intermediate in the reaction is pivotal for the excellent catalytic activity,which explains the difference in the catalytic activity of Rh single atoms on two different ceO_(2)*** formed Rh1(OH)adjacent-O-ce structure exhibits good stability in the reducing atmosphere,maintaining the Rh atomic dispersion after cO oxidation even when pre-reduced at high temperature of 500°*** functional theory(DFT)calculations validate the unique activity and reaction path of the intermediate Rh1(OH)adjacentcO species *** work demonstrates that the proximity between metal single atom and hydroxyl can determine the formation of active intermediates to affect the catalytic performances in catalysis.

关键词： crystal plane Rh1/ceO_(2)single-atom catalyst proximity of Rh and hydroxyl coordination structure cO oxidation

canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling: Multilayered mediators, signaling mechanisms and major signaling crosstalk

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 103-134页

作者： Kevin Qin Michael Yu Jiaming Fan Hongwei Wang Piao Zhao Guozhi Zhaoo Wei Zeng connie chen Yonghui Wang Annie Wang Zander Schwartz jeffrey Hong Lily Song William Wagstaff Rex c.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin H.Ho Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-chuan He Lewis L.Shi chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Interventional Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China Department of clinical Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China School of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA Laboratory of craniofacial Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Wnt signaling plays a major role in regulating cell proliferation and *** Wnt ligands are a family of 19 secreted glycoproteins that mediate their signaling effects via binding to Frizzled receptors and LRP5/6 coreceptors and transducing the signal either throughβ-catenin in the canonical pathway or through a series of other proteins in the nonca-nonical *** of the individual components of both canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling have additional functions throughout the body,establishing the complex interplay between Wnt signaling and other signaling *** crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways gives Wnt signaling a vital role in many cellular and organ ***-regulation of this system has been implicated in many diseases affecting a wide array of organ systems,including cancer and embryological defects,and can even cause embryonic *** complexity of this system and its interacting proteins have made Wnt signaling a target for many therapeutic ***,both stimulatory and inhibitory treatments come with potential risks that need to be *** review synthesized much of the current knowl-edge on the Wnt signaling pathway,beginning with the history of Wnt *** thoroughly described the different variants of Wnt signaling,including canonical,noncanonical Wnt/PcP,and the noncanonical Wnt/ca2+*** description involved each of its components and their involvement in other cellular ***,this review explained the various other pathways and processes that crosstalk with Wnt signaling.

关键词： β-catenin canonical Wnt Noncanonical Wnt Signal transduction Signaling crosstalk

Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson christine Roffe Else c Sandset jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute china at Peking University Health Science center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK centre for clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and comprehensive Stroke center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%cI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%cI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIc⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Primary metabolism:It’s more than what's for dinner

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1219-1220页

作者： jeffrey c.Anderson Scott c.Peck Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Division of Biochemistry Christopher S Bond.Life Sciences CenterInterdisciplinary Plant GroupUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA

At the risk of oversimplifying,plant–pathogen interactions are a battle for nutrients in the form of primary metabolic *** have *** want ***,amino acids,and organic acids are continuously being exported from source cells to supply both other plant cells and potentially beneficial microorganisms(Kim et al.,2021).Logically,plants attempt to restrict access to pathogens by withholding these nutrients upon infection;and successful pathogens have evolved strategies to restore nutrient availability(Kim et al.,2021).

关键词： simplify restrict continuously

Feedback control for Ecosystem Management:The case of Wolf-Elk-Hunting Dynamics in the US Mountain West

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第4期11卷 850-865页

作者： Kevin MAcKSAMIE jeffrey WAGNER Juan c.cOcKBURN Black River Systems company Inc. 162 Genesee Street Utica New York 13507 USA Department of Economics Rochester Institute of Technology 92 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester NY 14623 USA Department of computer Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology 83 Lomb Memorial Drive Rochester NY 14623USA

The purpose of this paper is to explore the promise of utilizing some relatively new feedback control techniques in ecosystem management. First, we set forth a basic ecological-economic model of a predator-prey-hunting system in which both the predator and prey have use(flow) and non-use(stock) value and when the predator can inflict transboundary damages. We then use new data from the US Mountain West to show how a particular feedback approach—linear parameter-varying(LPV) control—can be utilized in this context. Our LPV model is able to quantify the cost of managing disturbances that inevitably arise as a manager tries to keep the actual path of the system "close" to its optimum. The results suggest management strategies in mountain ecosystems that feature large, mammalian carnivores.

关键词： Feedback control Linear parameter Optimal vontrol Robust control Predator-prey Recreational hunting

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Volcano video data characterized and classified using computer vision and machine learning algorithms

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1789-1803页

作者： Alex J.c.Witsil jeffrey B.Johnson Department of Geosciences Boise State UniversityBoiseIDUSA

Video cameras are common at volcano observatories,but their utility is often limited during periods of crisis due to the large data volume from continuous acquisition and time requirements for manual *** cameras to serve as effective monitoring tools,video frames must be synthesized into relevant time series signals and further analyzed to classify and characterize observable *** this study,we use computer vision and machine learning algorithms to identify periods of volcanic activity and quantify plume rise velocities from video *** were collected at Villarrica Volcano,chile from two visible band cameras located^17 km from the vent that recorded at 0.1 and 30 frames per second between February and April *** these two months,Villarrica exhibited a diverse range of eruptive activity,including a paroxysmal eruption on 3 *** to and after the eruption,activity included nighttime incandescence,dark and light emissions,inactivity,and periods of cloud *** quantify the color and spatial extent of plume emissions using a blob detection algorithm,whose outputs are fed into a trained artificial neural network that categorizes the observable activity into five *** shifts from primarily nighttime incandescence to ash emissions following the 3 March paroxysm,which likely relates to the reemergence of the buried lava *** periods exhibiting plume emissions are further analyzed using a row and column projection algorithm that identifies plume onsets and calculates apparent plume horizontal and vertical rise *** onsets are episodic,occurring with an average period of^50 s and suggests a puffing style of degassing,which is commonly observed at ***,the lack of clear acoustic transients in the accompanying infrasound record suggests puffing may be controlled by atmospheric effects rather than a degassing regime at the *** presented here offer a generalized toolset for volcano monito

关键词： Volcano monitoring Plume exit velocity Volcano webcam Image processing Machine learning Villarrica

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