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Comparison of models to predict air infiltration rate of buildings with different surrounding environments

Building Simulation 2024年第6期17卷 1007-1021页

作者： Shu Zheng Xiujiao song Lin Duanmu Yu Xue Xudong Yang Department of Building Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Civil Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua UniversityTaiyuan030032China

The air infiltration rate of buildings strongly influences indoor environment and energy *** this study,several traditional methods for determining the air infiltration rate were compared,and their accuracy in different scenarios was ***,a method combining computational flow dynamics(CFD)with the Swami and Chandra(S-C)model was developed to predict the influence of the surrounding environment on the air infiltration *** buildings in Dalian,China,were selected:one with a simple surrounding environment and the other with a complex surrounding environment;their air infiltration rates were *** test results were used to validate the accuracy of the air infiltration rate solution models in different urban *** the building with a simple environment,the difference between the simulation and experimental results was 0.86%–22.52%.For the building with a complex environment,this difference ranged from 17.42%to 159.28%.We found that most traditional models provide accurate results for buildings with simple surrounding and that the simulation results widely vary for buildings with complex *** results of the method of combining CFD with the S-C model were more accurate,and the relative error between the simulation and test results was 10.61%.The results indicate that the environment around the building should be fully considered when calculating the air infiltration *** results of this study can guide the application of methods of determining air infiltration rate.

关键词： air infiltration rate models CFD simulation building surrounding air infiltration rate test

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Data and Model Driven Task Offloading Strategy in the Dynamic Mobile Edge Computing System

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 351-368页

作者： DONG Hairong WU Wei song Haifeng LIU Zhen ZHANG Zixuan School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electronic and Information Engineering BeiHang UniversityBeijing 100191China CRSC Research&Design Institute Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100070China

Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)provides communication and computational capabilities for the industrial Internet,meeting the demands of latency-sensitive ***,traditional model-driven task offloading strategies face challenges in adapting to situations with unknown network communication status and computational *** limitation becomes notably significant in complex industrial networks of high-speed *** by these considerations,a data and model-driven task offloading problem is proposed in this paper.A redundant communication network is designed to adapt to anomalous channel states when tasks are offloaded to edge *** link switching mechanism is executed by the train according to the attributes of the completed *** task offloading optimization problem is formulated by introducing data-driven prediction of communication states into the traditional ***,the optimal strategy is achieved by employing the informer-based prediction algorithm and the quantum particle swarm optimization method,which effectively tackle real-time optimization problems due to their low time *** simulations illustrate that the data and model-driven task offloading strategy can predict the communication state in advance,thus reducing the cost of the system and improving its robustness.

关键词： Data driven model informer mobile edge computing quantum particle swarm optimization task offloading.

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Atomistic understanding of rough surface on the interfacial friction behavior during the chemical mechanical polishing process of diamond

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1119-1132页

作者： song YUAN Xiaoguang GUO Hao WANG Renke KANG Shang GAO State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The roughness of the contact surface exerts a vital role in *** is still a significant challenge to understand the microscopic contact of the rough surface at the atomic ***,the rough surface with a special root mean square(RMS)value is constructed by multivariate Weierstrass–Mandelbrot(W–M)function and the rubbing process during that the chemical mechanical polishing(CMP)process of diamond is mimicked utilizing the reactive force field molecular dynamics(ReaxFF MD)*** is found that the contact area A/A0 is positively related with the load,and the friction force F depends on the number of interfacial bridge *** the surface roughness will increase the friction force and friction *** model with low roughness and high lubrication has less friction force,and the presence of polishing liquid molecules can decrease the friction force and friction *** RMS value and the degree of damage show a functional relationship with the applied load and lubrication,i.e.,the RMS value decreases more under larger load and higher lubrication,and the diamond substrate occurs severer damage under larger load and lower *** work will generate fresh insight into the understanding of the microscopic contact of the rough surface at the atomic level.

关键词： diamond random roughness reactive force field molecular dynamics(ReaxFF MD) friction Weierstrass-Mandelbrot(W-M)function chemical mechanical polishing(CMP)

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Tetrabromobisphenol A exerts thyroid disrupting effects but has little overt impact on postnatal brain development and neurobehaviors in mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 1-10页

作者： Shilin song Yuanyuan Li Lin Lv Mengqi Dong Zhanfen Qin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA)is a widely used brominated flame *** is evidence showing that TBBPA can exert thyroid disrupting effects in mammals,but different results were also reported,along with inconsistent reports regarding its ***,we investigated thyroid disrupting effects and neurotoxicity of TBBPA(5,50,500μg/(kg·day))to male mice following maternal and direct exposure through drinking water,with the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil(PTU)as the positive *** postnatal day(PND)15,we expectedly observed severe thyroid compensatory hyperplasia and cerebellar developmental retardation in PTU-treated *** highest dose of TBBPA also caused thyroid histological alteration but had no effects on cerebellar development in terms of Purkinje cell morphology and the thickness of the internal granular layer and the molecular layer of the *** puberty and adulthood,the thyroid morphological alterations became more pronounced in the TBBPA-treated animals,accompanied by decreased serum thyroid hormone ***,the 50 and 500μg/(kg·day)TBBPA groups showed a significant decrease in the serum level of serotonin,a neurotransmitter associated with anxiety ***,the highest dose group displayed anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus-maze test on PND 35,but this neurobehavioral alteration disappeared on PND ***,no changes in neurobehavioral parameters tested were found in TBBPAtreated animals at puberty and ***,all observations show that TBBPA can exert thyroid disrupting effects but has little overt impact on brain development and neurobehaviors in mice,suggesting that thyroid disruption does not necessarily cause overtly adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.

关键词： Tetrabromobisphenol A Thyroid disruption Brain development Neurobehavior Cerebellum

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Complement C1q induces the M2-polarization of tumor-associated macrophages in lung adenocarcinoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 145-148页

作者： Yuxiao song Yang Fu Jun Wang Jiazhuo Tang Jiaxin Yin Zhimin Zhang Qibin song Bicheng Zhang Cancer Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430061China Department of Oncology Xiangyang HospitalHubei University of Chinese MedicineXiangyangHubei 441100China Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandong 250000China

Complement C1q was proved to be able to regulate the polarization of macrophages to the anti-inflammatory phenotype(M2 polarized),acting as an anti-inflammation molecule independent of the classical complement pathway.A high level of C1q expression has been detected in the tumor microenvironment(TME)of diverse tumors,including non-small cell lung cancer,in which C1q could be considered a predictor of poor prognosis.

关键词： C1q lung inflammation

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Surface morphologies of Mg-Gd alloy particle during its reactions with O_(2) and Teflon

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 209-221页

作者： Yifan Li Hongtao Yang Aifeng Jiang Dongming song Yanchun Li Department of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210097China Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065China Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute Chongqing 400039China

Mg-Gd alloy particle has exhibited its unique combustion properties as the fuel of Mg/Teflon/Viton(MTV).Mg-Gd alloy/Teflon/Viton(MGTV)could burn at lower ambient pressure than *** further investigate the reaction of MGTV in air,it was investigated via thermo gravity-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC).Meanwhile,the morphologies and element distributions on the alloy surface during the reaction of MGTV in air were investigated via scanning electronic microscope-mapping-electronic differential ***,a similar experimental protocol on the Mg-Gd alloy particle during oxidation was also *** results showed that owning to a protective oxide shell,the onset oxidation temperature of Mg-Gd alloy is higher than ***,the onset oxidation temperature of the exceeded Mg-Gd alloy in MGTV is significantly lower than that of the exceeded Mg in *** was due to the existence of GdOF,which could significantly lower the oxidation temperature of the exceeded ***,a possible reaction mechanism was *** fascinating oxidation properties of Mg-Gd alloy suggested its promising applications in energetic materials.

关键词： Mg-Gd alloy Energetic materials Morphology EDS GdOF

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Highly Flexible Graphene-Film-Based Rectenna for Wireless Energy Harvesting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 320-325页

作者： Jingwei Zhang Yuchao Wang Rongguo song Zongkui Kou Daping He Hubei Engineering Research Center of RF-Microwave Technology and Application School of ScienceWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology Sanya 572000China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Herein,we report the design,fabrication,and performance of two wireless energy harvesting devices based on highly flexible graphene macroscopic films(FGMFs).We first demonstrate that benefiting from the high conductivity of up to 1×10^(6)S m^(-1)and good resistive stability of FGMFs even under extensive bending,the FGMFs-based rectifying circuit(GRC)exhibits good flexibility and RF-to-DC efficiency of 53%at 2.1 ***,we further expand the application of FGMFs to a flexible wideband monopole rectenna and a 2.45 GHz wearable rectenna for harvesting wireless *** wideband rectenna at various bending conditions produces a maximum conversion efficiency of 52%,46%,and 44%at the 5th Generation(5G)2.1 GHz,Industrial Long-Term Evolution(LTE)2.3 GHz,and Scientific Medical(ISM)2.45 GHz,respectively.A 2.45 GHz GRC is optimized and integrated with an AMC-backed wearable *** proposed 2.45 GHz wearable rectenna shows a maximum conversion efficiency of 55.7%.All the results indicate that the highly flexible graphene-film-based rectennas have great potential as a wireless power supplier for smart Internet of Things(loT)applications.

关键词： flexible rectennas highly flexible graphene-based films wireless energy harvesting

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Design Strategies for Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries with High Zinc Utilization: From Metal Anodes to Anode-Free Structures

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 305-349页

作者： Xianfu Zhang Long Zhang Xinyuan Jia Wen song Yongchang Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing30 College RoadBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low redox potential of zinc(Zn) metal. However,several issues such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and passivation of Zn metal anodes cause irreversible loss of the active materials. To solve these issues, researchers often use large amounts of excess Zn to ensure a continuous supply of active materials for Zn anodes. This leads to the ultralow utilization of Zn anodes and squanders the high energy density of AZMBs. Herein, the design strategies for AZMBs with high Zn utilization are discussed in depth, from utilizing thinner Zn foils to constructing anode-free structures with theoretical Zn utilization of 100%, which provides comprehensive guidelines for further research. Representative methods for calculating the depth of discharge of Zn anodes with different structures are first summarized. The reasonable modification strategies of Zn foil anodes, current collectors with pre-deposited Zn, and anode-free aqueous Zn metal batteries(AF-AZMBs) to improve Zn utilization are then detailed. In particular, the working mechanism of AF-AZMBs is systematically introduced. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for constructing high-utilization Zn anodes are presented.

关键词： Aqueous zinc metal batteries Zinc anodes High zinc utilization Depth of discharge Anode-free structures

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Inverse-time Backup Protection Based on Unified Characteristic Equation for Distribution Networks with High Proportion of Distributed Generations

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 202-212页

作者： Nana Chang Guobing song Zhongxue Chang Yuping Zheng Xingang Yang the School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group CorporationNanjingChina Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company ShanghaiChina

The setting work of backup protection using steady-state current is tedious,and mismatches occasionally occur due to the increased proportion of distributed generations(DGs)connected to the power ***,there is a practical need to study a backup protection technology that does not require step-by-step setting and can be adaptively *** paper proposes an action sequence adaptive to fault positions that uses only positive sequence fault component(PSFC)*** the influence of DGs,the unified time dial setting can be obtained by selecting specific *** protection performance is improved by using the adjacent upstream and downstream protections to meet the coordination time interval in the case of metallic faults at the near-and far-ends of the ***,the expression and implementation scheme for inverse-time backup protection(ITBP)based on the unified characteristic equation is *** results show that this scheme can adapt to DG penetration scenarios and can realize the adaptive coordination of multi-level relays.

关键词： Inverse-time backup protection(ITBP) distributed generation(DG) positive sequence fault component(PSFC)voltage unified characteristic equation adaptive coordination

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Surfactant-assisted crystallization of lysozyme and its mechanism

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 199-208页

作者： Yujie song Rongfei Ren Min Su Zhihan Liang Qi Hao School of Chemical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

Surfactants were used to assist in the crystallization of *** types of surfactants with different structures(sodium dodecyl sulfate,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,or betaine hydrochloride[BH])were *** study indicated that three surfactants were all capable of shortening the crystallization induction time of lysozyme,with BH inducing the shortest crystallization induction time(t=1 min)and the largest crystal size(37μm).The molecular interactions among each of the three surfactants aforementioned and lysozyme were also investigated by *** was found that hydrogen bonding dominantly acted between the carboxyl structure of the surfactant BH and the lysozyme,which produced the most favorable conformation for the self-assembly of lysozyme(promote lysozyme orderly aggregation and shorten the crystallization induction time).On this basis,the mechanism of surfactant-promoted lysozyme crystallization was proposed.

关键词： Protein Crystallization Surfactant Lysozyme Molecular interaction Mechanism

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