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Variation of Stable Isotopes in Surface Snow along a Traverse from Coast to Plateau's interior in East Antarctica and Its Climatic Significance

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2009年第1期1卷 14-24页

作者： jean Jouzel michel Stievenard Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-CNRS-University Versailles-Saint Quentin

The variations of stable water isotopes of surface snow in east Antarctic Ice Sheet, are discussed by a total of 251 samples, which were taken along a 330 km traverse from Zhongshan Station to the outer edge of the Antarctic plateau and from four snow pits excavated along the route. Analyzing results of the samples showed the expected linear relationship between the parameters ?D and ?18O with slope S1 and intercept d1. When the data set was examined using a sliding window with a width of 5 samples, it was found that there were two areas with different ratios of S1 and d1. The boundary between these two areas occurred at an elevation of about 2,000 m, suggesting two different sources of water vapour. Nearly half (47%) of the fresh-snow samples had negative deuterium excess (d=?D? 8?18O) values, but few of the snow pit samples did, suggesting that variations of ? are quickly smoothed by isotopic diffusion in the near-surface firn. Analysis of the phase relationship between ?D and deuterium excess in the snow pit stratigraphies showed that they were mostly in phase from Jan. 1994 to Sept. 1995, but mostly out of phase from Sept. 1995 to Jan. 1997.

关键词： east Antarctica ice sheet stable isotopes snow

Treatment of Neglected Elbow Dislocations by Z-Lengthening of the Triceps Brachii

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第4期12卷 142-152页

作者： M’Bra Kouamé Innocent Kouassi Kouamé jean-Eric Yao Loukou Blaise Akobéjean Regis Achie Sery Bada Justin Léopold KouassiAya Adélaïde Natacha Krah Koffi Leopold michel Kodo Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery of the University Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Neglected elbow dislocations are much more common in developing and underdeveloped countries. The main reason for the delay in diagnosis is that patients initially seek treatment from traditional healers. These will immobilize the elbow in extension, which will lead to the retraction of the triceps muscle and collateral ligaments. Patients and Method: We carried out a prospective study over five years (2014-2019). The study involved patients with unreduced elbow dislocation older than 21 days. All patients with a dislocated fracture and those whose x-ray showed joint fusion were not included in the study. We collected 26 patients, 20 men and 6 women with an average age of 27.5 years (17 and 45 years). The average consultation time was 8.9 months (3 - 13). The approach was posterior about 8 cm above the olecranon and 2 cm below the olecranon, the ulnar nerve was identified and isolated. The triceps tendon was cut in a Z from its myotendin junction to the beak of the olecranon, and then lengthened. Results: The patients were reviewed after a mean follow-up of 24 months (12 - 36). The Mayo Clinic’s average elbow performance index was 77.1 (60 - 85), with 19 good and 6 average results. The mean flexion was 114°(100°- 135°) and the mean extension deficit was 31.15°(10°- 55°). The average range of motion was 82.5°(60°- 120°). We did not find a correlation between the duration of the lesion and functional recovery (p > 0.05). The Wilcoxon test showed that surgery significantly improved the overall range of motion of the elbow (p = 0.001). Discussion: Based on this study, open reduction with tendon lengthening should remain a treatment option regardless of the age and chronicity of the dislocation.

关键词： Elbow Dislocation Neglected Triceps Plasty Posterior Approach

High-performance waveguide-integrated germanium PIN photodiodes for optical communication applications[Invited]

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Photonics Research 2013年第3期1卷 140-147页

作者： Léopold Virot Laurent Vivien jean-Marc Fédéli Yann Bogumilowicz jean-michel Hartmann Frédéric Bœuf Paul Crozat Delphine Marris-Morini Eric Cassan Institut d’Electronique Fondamentale(IEF) Univ.Paris-SudCNRSBât 220F-91405 OrsayFrance CEA LETIMinatec Campus17 rue des MartyrsF-38054 GrenobleFrance STMicroelectronics Silicon Technology DevelopmentCrollesFrance

This paper reports on high-performance waveguide-integrated germanium photodiodes for optical communications applications.200 mm wafers and production tools were used to fabricate the *** over 97%were obtained for three different compact photodiodes(10×10μm and intrinsic region width of 0.5,0.7,and 1μm)within the same batch of three *** photodiodes exhibit low dark currents under reverse bias with median values of 74,62,and 61 nA for intrinsic widths of 0.5,0.7,and 1μm,respectively,over a full *** up to 0.78 A∕W at 1550 nm and zero bias were *** bias operation is possible for 25 and 40 Gbps with receiver sensitivity estimated to−13.9 and−12.3 dBm,respectively.

关键词： waveguide optical communication

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稀释燃烧的火焰稳定性

燃烧科学与技术 2009年第2期15卷 103-108页

作者：刘玉英 MOST jean-michel BAUER Philippe 杨茂林北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院北京100083 法国国家科学研究中心燃烧与爆炸实验室普瓦捷86961法国

采用实验研究的方法探讨了反应物预热温度与稀释率两个因素对稀释燃烧火焰稳定性的影响.实验以氮气稀释的甲烷-空气对冲扩散火焰为研究对象,确定了不同反应物预热温度与氧化剂稀释率(氧气体积分数)时火焰的熄火极限,结果表明,增大反应... 详细信息

采用实验研究的方法探讨了反应物预热温度与稀释率两个因素对稀释燃烧火焰稳定性的影响.实验以氮气稀释的甲烷-空气对冲扩散火焰为研究对象,确定了不同反应物预热温度与氧化剂稀释率(氧气体积分数)时火焰的熄火极限,结果表明,增大反应物预热温度拓宽了火焰稳定燃烧区域,而增加氧化剂稀释率(降低氧气体积分数)会降低稀释火焰的稳定性,二者对火焰稳定性的影响作用相反.为了进一步分析反应物预热温度与稀释率对火焰稳定性的影响程度,引入了估算的Damk hler数,分析表明,在实验研究范围内,反应物预热温度对火焰稳定性的影响比稀释率的影响显著,是火焰稳定性的主要影响因素.

关键词：对冲火焰稀释燃烧稳定性熄火极限

普通金雀花种群在高温下的本土和入侵幼苗抗旱性

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第3期16卷 80-95页

作者： Mathias Christina Céline Gire Mark R.Bakker Alan Leckie Jianming Xue Peter W.Clinton Zaira Negrin-Perez JoséRamon Arevalo Sierra jean-Christophe Domec Maya gonzalez INRAE Bordeaux Sciences AgroUMR 1391 ISPAF-33882 Villenave-d'OrnonFrance CIRAD PERSYST DepartmentUPR 115 AIDA97490 Sainte-ClotildeLa ReunionFrance AIDA PERSYST DepartmentUniv MontpellierCIRADMontpellierFrance New Zealand Forest Research Institute trading as Scion 8440 ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Botany Ecology and Plant PhysiologyUniversity of La Laguna38206 La LagunaSpain

入侵物种的气候生长需求在其本土和非本土环境之间保持一致的假设是评估入侵风险的关键生态学问题。本研究通过生长箱实验,比较水分和温度对普通金雀花幼苗(Ulex europaeus L.)本土种群和入侵种群生长和死亡率的影响。从本土(法国大陆... 详细信息

入侵物种的气候生长需求在其本土和非本土环境之间保持一致的假设是评估入侵风险的关键生态学问题。本研究通过生长箱实验,比较水分和温度对普通金雀花幼苗(Ulex europaeus L.)本土种群和入侵种群生长和死亡率的影响。从本土(法国大陆和西班牙)和非本土(新西兰、加那利群岛和留尼旺岛)的5个地区的20个种群中采集了种子样本。幼苗在两种温度处理(环境温度和高温)和两种水处理(灌溉和干旱)中生长超过36天。温度升高被定义为在不同国家的生态位边缘观察到的最高温度。虽然温度升高增加了幼苗的生长,但干旱处理增加了死亡率并限制了幼苗的生长。在高温和干旱条件下,本土种群的死亡率(53%)高于入侵种群(16%)。在这些受限的气候条件下,入侵幼苗的地上和地下发育也好于本土幼苗。虽然表型可塑性在本土种群和入侵种群之间没有差异,但种群之间总干物质生物量的差异可能与起源气候(尤其是降水)的差异有关。评估入侵物种种群之间表型变化的重要性对于确定其气候分布范围的边缘以及对突出应集中管理以限制其传播的区域都至关重要。

关键词：入侵外来植物干旱气候生态位定植

Hepatitis C virus: Virology, diagnosis and management ofantiviral therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第17期13卷 2461-2466页

作者： Stéphane Chevaliez jean-michel Pawlotsky French National Reference Center for Viral Hepatitis B C and deltaDepartment of Virology & INSERM U841 Henri Mondor Hospital University of Paris XII Créteil France

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects approximately 170 million individuals worldwide. Prevention of HCV infection complications is based on antiviral therapy with the combination of pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin. The use of serological and virological tests has become essential in the management of HCV infection in order to diagnose infection, guide treatment decisions and assess the virological response to antiviral therapy. Anti- HCV antibody testing and HCV RNA testing are used to diagnose acute and chronic hepatitis C. The HCV genotype should be systematically determined before treatment, as it determines the indication, the duration of treatment, the dose of ribavirin and the virological monitoring procedure. HCV RNA monitoring during therapy is used to tailor treatment duration in HCV genotype 1 infection, and molecular assays are used to assess the end-of-treatment and, most importantly the sustained virological response, i.e. the endpoint of therapy.

关键词：丙型肝炎病毒病毒学诊断抗病毒疗法临床管理

Is There an Earthquake Weather?

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2020年第2期9卷 69-82页

作者： michel Parrot jean-Louis Pincon LPC2E CNRSOrleansFrance University of Orleans OrleansFrance

The aim of this study is to check if there is a relationship between the seismic activity and the whistlers observed by the micro-satellite DEMETER. Whistlers are the waves emitted by lightning strokes during thunderstorm activity. They use to propagate in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide but also in the ionosphere and the magnetosphere mainly along the magnetic field lines. Due to this reason we have checked the whistler occurrence not close to earthquake epicenters but close to the magnetically conjugate point of these epicenters at the satellite altitude. The number of whistlers is given by a neural network in operation onboard the satellite. It appears that the whistler amplitude is attenuated at the satellite altitude around the magnetic equator. It is why we have removed the earthquakes occurring at low geomagnetic latitudes in the statistic. The whistler rate is normalized with a background value to take into account the seasons and the epicenter locations. A superposed epoch method is used to display the results between -15 and +5 days around the earthquake day and up to 1000 km from the conjugate point of the epicenters. It is shown that the whistler rate is higher the day before the earthquake at a distance less than 200 km. It would be unrealistic to believe in the possibility to use this study for earthquake prediction because everyday thunderstorm activity reliably masks seismic effects. But it is further evidence that there is a lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling at the time of the seismic activity.

关键词： Data Processing Earthquake Whistler Ionosphere

Cadaveric liver transplantation for non-acetaminophen fulminant hepatic failure:A 20-year experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1427-1430页

作者： Olivier Detry Arnaud De Roover Carla Coimbra jean Delwaide Marie-France Hans Marie Hélène Delbouille Joseé Monard jean Joris Pierre Damas Jacques Belache michel Meurisse Pierre Honoré Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation University of Liège CHU Sart Tilman B35Liège B4000 Belgium Department of Hepato- gastroenterology University of Liège CHU Sart Tilman B35 Liège B4000 Belgium Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Liège CHU Sart Tilman B35Liège B4000Belgium

AIM: To investigate the long-term results of liver transplantation (LT) for non-acetaminophen fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). METHODS: Over a 20-year period, 29 FHF patients underwent cadaveric whole LT. Most frequent causes of FHF were hepatitis B virus and drug-related (not acetaminophen) liver failure. All surviving patients were regularly controlled at the out-patient clinic and none was lost to follow-up. Mean follow-up was 101 mo. RESULTS: One month, one-, five- and ten-year patient survival was 79%, 72%, 68% and 68%, respectively. One month, one-, five- and ten-year graft survival was 69%, 65%, 51% and 38%, respectively. Six patients needed early (< 2 mo) retransplantation, four for primary non-function, one for early acute refractory rejection because of ABO blood group incompatibility, and one for a malignant tumor found in the donor. Two patients with hepatitis B FHF developed cerebral lesions peri-transplantion: One developed irreversible and extensive brain damage leading to death, and one suffered from deep deficits leading to continuous medical care in a specialized institution. CONCLUSION: Long-term outcome of patients transplanted for non-acetaminophen FHF may be excellent. As the quality of life of these patients is also particularly good, LT for FHF is clearly justified, despite lower graft survival compared with LT for other liver diseases.

关键词：尸体肝肝移植非醋氨酚爆发性肝衰竭治疗临床经验

Two-and Three-Dimensional Urban Core Determinants of the Urban Heat Island： A Statistical Approach

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2012年第3期1卷 363-378页

作者： Bumseok Chun jean-michel Guldmann Department of City and Regional Planning The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA

There is no doubt that the UHI (urban heat island) is a mounting problem in built-up environments, due to the energy retention by surface dense building materials, leading to increased temperatures, air pollution, and energy consumption. Much of the earlier research on the UHI has used two-dimensional (2-D) information, such as land uses and the distribution of vegetation. In the case of homogeneous land uses, it is possible to predict surface temperatures with reasonable accuracy with 2-D information. However, three-dimensional (3-D) information is necessary to analyze more complex sites, including dense building clusters. In this research, 3-D building geometry information is combined with 2-D urban surface information to examine the relationship between urban characteristics and temperature. The research includes the following stages: (1) estimating urban temperature; (2) developing a 3-D city model; (3) generating geometric parameters; and (4) conducting statistical analyses using both linear and non-linear regression models. The implications of the results are discussed, providing guidelines for policies aiming to reduce the UHI.

关键词：城市热岛效应统计方法三维二维非线性回归模型几何信息温度升高能源消耗