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智能RLED动态目标中机器手的模糊鲁棒控制系统(英文)

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控制理论与应用 2001年第6期18卷 871-875,881页

作者：魏武黄心汉 jean bosco Mbede 长沙交通学院道路与交通工程系长沙410076 华中科技大学控制科学与工程系武汉430074

给出了一种电机驱动机器手中非线性机电模型的模糊鲁棒闭环控制系统 ,此控制系统可处理非结构环境下的三个主要的智能机器人导航问题 :自动化规划、快速连续导航中的避障、处理结构和 (或 )

关键词： RLED 机器手动态目标电机驱动模糊鲁棒控制系统

The Need for Awareness of Drinking Water Loss Reduction for Sustainable Water Resource Management in Rwanda

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第10期4卷 74-87页

作者： Fidele Karamage Chi Zhang Felix Ndayisaba Lamek Nahayo Alphonse Kayiranga James Kehinde Omifolaji Hua Shao Alice Umuhoza jean Baptiste nsengiyumva Tong Liu State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinesee Academy of Sciences Urumqi China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Lay Adventists of Kigali Kigali Rwanda College of Science and Technology University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Ministry of Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs (MIDIMAR) Kigali Rwanda College of Life Science Shihezi University Shihezi China

Drinking water loss or Non-Revenue Water (NRW) threatens the financial viability of water utilities and sustainable natural water resource management. However, little attention has been paid to quantitative assessment of the spatial distribution of water losses in Rwanda. Therefore, this study focused on the magnitude of water losses, the associated environmental and socio-economic consequences, as well as the potential benefits from water loss reduction in Rwanda. Based on water usage records from the Water and Sanitation Corporation (WASAC) of Rwanda, NRW was calculated for 15 WASAC branches and Provinces, from July 2013 to June 2014, by using the International Water Association (IWA) standard water balance approach. The results highlight an annual NRW of 16,502,198 or 41% of the total water produced, inducing a revenue loss of US$ 8,713,156. In 14 of the 15 WASAC water branches and all Rwandan provinces, the NRW ratios exceed the NRW threshold (10%) recommended by the American Water Works Association (AWWA). Because of the lost revenue, the water facilities may not expand quickly enough to meet the demands of the rapidly growing population. The suggested 50% reduction in NRW would provide additional 8,251,100 m3 of treated water yearly, enough to serve extra 41,925 households or irrigate 661 ha of cropland and save US$ 4,356,579, which would reduce the financial gap in Rwanda’s National Water Improvement Project by more than 24%.

关键词： Non-Revenue Water Water Loss Reduction Sustainability WASAC Rwanda

卢旺达汉语学习者对英语作为媒介语的依赖性调查分析

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卢旺达汉语学习者对英语作为媒介语的依赖性调查分析

作者：薄伟（BYIRINGIRO jean bosco）陕西师范大学

学位级别：硕士

据目前的研究结果显示,与其他国家相比,卢旺达的汉语推广与文化传播水平仍比较薄弱。其中一个可能的原因是:学生对英语作为媒介语产生的强烈依赖性。这依赖性主要表现在(1)学生使用英语思考汉语的表达(使用英语思考问题,再用汉语表达),... 详细信息

据目前的研究结果显示,与其他国家相比,卢旺达的汉语推广与文化传播水平仍比较薄弱。其中一个可能的原因是:学生对英语作为媒介语产生的强烈依赖性。这依赖性主要表现在(1)学生使用英语思考汉语的表达(使用英语思考问题,再用汉语表达),导致缺乏汉语思考能力以及使用汉语的兴趣下降。(2)学生依赖英语来理解教材和学习汉语(比如看英语注释,而不是汉语的解释)。在这种情况下,本研究旨在调查与分析卢旺达汉语学习者依赖英语作为媒介语言的原因,以期解决上述问题,并提出可行的参考意见。本文以卢旺达基加利孔子学院的学生和老师为研究对象,根据对外汉语媒介语使用有关的理论,剖析了卢旺达汉语学习者对英语作为媒介语产生依赖性的原因。主要回答了以下问题:根据卢旺达的语言使用情况,汉语学习者能否不依赖英语作为媒介语?考虑到现有的汉语教材和教学辅助资料,如何确保卢旺达汉语学习者能够不依赖英语作为媒介语,而提高对使用汉语的兴趣,汉语思考能力,并提高汉语学习的进步速度?卢旺达是否有一个良好的汉语环境,来帮助汉语学习者增强使用汉语思考的能力并减少对媒介语的依赖性?本文采用了问卷调查法,访谈调查法及课堂观察法,对汉语学习者依赖英语以及使用汉语思考与表达能力下降的主要因素进行了调查与分析。首先,对不同的班级课堂进行观察。其次,阅读了关于卢旺达汉语教学发展与面临的问题有关的资料。最后,对基加利孔子学院的40名学生进行问卷调查,同时对11位汉语老师(包括本土老师)进行访谈和问卷调查。通过深入调查与分析,笔者发现卢旺达汉语教学面临的问题是:汉语课堂时间不充分、教学模式较单一、没有更适合本国汉语学习者的学习教材、缺乏汉语环境。这些都是卢旺达汉语学习者使用汉语的兴趣下降而过分依赖英语作为媒介语、缺乏汉语思考与表达能力以及学习汉语进步缓慢的主要原因。因此,笔者认为,减弱学生对英语作为媒介语的依赖性不是一蹴而就,一劳永逸的过程,但可以竭尽全力采取一些措施来提升学生对使用汉语的兴趣。比如,增加学习的时间和教学点、编写更适合本国学生学习的汉语教材、增加教学模式的灵活性,如使用PPT展示教学模式、游戏教学模式、“任务中学”教学模式、经常安排汉语辩论、培养本土师资、增加中国老师的就任时间及增加汉语学习方面的学术研究。

关键词：卢旺达汉语教学孔子学院英语媒介语依赖性

Association between early viral lower respiratory tract infections and subsequent asthma development

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第4期11卷 298-310页

作者： Sebastien Kenmoe Etienne Atenguena Okobalemba Guy Roussel Takuissu jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo Martin Gael Oyono jeannette Nina Magoudjou-Pekam Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse jean bosco Taya-Fokou Chris Andre Mbongue Mikangue Raoul Kenfack-Momo Donatien Serge Mbaga Arnol Bowo-Ngandji Cyprien Kengne-Ndé Seraphine Nkie Esemu Richard Njouom Lucy Ndip Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaBuea 00237Cameroon Department of Virology Centre Pasteur of CameroonYaounde 00237Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Science The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Centre of Research in Food Food Security and NutritionInstitute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants StudiesYaounde 00237Cameroon Medical Research Centre Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants StudiesYaounde 00237Cameroon Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Biochemistry The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Microbiology The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Epidemiological Surveillance Evaluation and Research UnitNational Aids Control CommitteeDouala 00237Cameroon

BACKGROUND The association between hospitalization for human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV)bronchiolitis in early childhood and subsequent asthma is well *** long-term prognosis for non-bronchiolitis lower respiratory tract infections(LRTI)caused by viruses different from HRSV and rhinovirus,on the other hand,has received less *** To investigate the relationship between infant LRTI and later asthma and examine the influence of confounding *** The PubMed and Global Index Medicus bibliographic databases were used to search for articles published up to October 2021 for this systematic *** included cohort studies comparing the incidence of asthma between patients with and without LRTI at≤2 years regardless of the virus *** meta-analysis was performed using the random effects *** of heterogeneity were assessed by stratified *** This review included 15 articles(18 unique studies)that met the inclusion *** at≤2 years were associated with an increased risk of subsequent asthma up to 20 years[odds ratio(OR)=5.0,95%CI:3.3-7.5],with doctor-diagnosed asthma(OR=5.3,95%CI:3.3-8.6),current asthma(OR=5.4,95%CI:2.7-10.6),and current medication for asthma(OR=1.2,95%CI:0.7-3.9).Our overall estimates were not affected by publication bias(P=0.671),but there was significant heterogeneity[I 2=58.8%(30.6-75.5)].Compared to studies with hospitalized controls without LRTI,those with ambulatory controls had a significantly higher strength of association between LRTIs and subsequent *** strength of the association between LRTIs and later asthma varied significantly by country and age at the time of the *** sensitivity analyses including only studies with similar proportions of confounding factors(gender,age at LRTI development,age at interview,gestational age,birth weight,weight,height,smoking exposure,crowding,family history of atopy,and family history of asthma)between cases and controls

关键词： Asthma Lower respiratory tract infections Respiratory viruses Long term sequelae Children

Physicochemical and Thermal Characterization of Dura Palm Kernel Powder as a Load for Polymers: Case of Polyvinyl Chloride

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2018年第6期6卷 1-18页

作者： Rolland Djomi Lucien jean Raymond Meva’a jean Nganhou Gérard Mbobda Abel Emmanuel Njom Yves Didier Modtegue Bampel jean-bosco Saha Tchinda Civil and Mechanical Engineering Laboratory National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Research Unit for Macromolecular Chemistry Applied Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

This work presents the physical and thermal characterization of the dura palm kernel powder of Cameroon for their use as fillers for polymers composites. The powders of palm kernel were obtained using a percussion grinder mill with an industrial microniser which allowed obtaining a powder less than 50 μm with an apparent density between 0,505 ≤ ρ ≤ 0,680 g/cm3 at 1.56 of relative humidity. The infrared of the powder of palm kernel shows the presence of phenols groups with a large band around 3341 cm-1, -C-H at 2917.02 cm-1 and -C-O at 1040 cm-1 as the main peaks. The polyvinyl chloride of infrared obtained shows the presence of -C-Cl, -CH2 and CH as the mains peaks. The infrared of 12.5% of palm kernel powder with polyvinyl chloride shows an increase of the CH2 and CH bonds and a decrease of the -OH bonds. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric analysis of powders, polyvinyl chloride and mixture showed that the mixing powders are intermediate between the polyvinyl chloride and palm kernel powder. The powder decreased the phase temperatures of the mixture from 98.58℃ to 95℃ for the glass transition temperature and from 515℃ to 459℃ for the crystallization temperature. The thermogravimetric curves of palm kernel powder and polyvinyl chloride have showed that these materials lose their different masses in three different phases, and the one of composite (mixture of polyvinyl chloride with 12.5% of palm kernel powder) in two different phases.

关键词： Dura Palm Kernel Shell Load for Polymers Thermogravimetric Analysis DSC

Effect of Drying Conditions on Rheological Properties of Hydrocolloids Gums from <i>Triumfetta cordifolia</i>and <i>Bridelia thermifolia</i>Barks

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 626-631页

作者： Clément Saidou Robert Ndjouenkeu Denis Roux jean bosco Tchatchueng Alain Heyraud Nadia El Kissi Départment of Applied University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Camer- oon Départment of Food Sciences & Nutrition University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Laboratory of Rheology University of Joseph Fourier Grenoble University Grenoble France Laboratory of Function and Structure of Polysaccharids Center of Vegetables Macromolecules Research Grenoble France Laboratory of Rheology University of Joseph Fourier Grenoble University Grenoble France

Triumfetta cordifolia and Bridelia thermifolia are two shrubs from tropical region of Africa. Their gums are traditionally extracted from fresh barks and used in traditional recipes (thickening and aromatization of sauces, improvement of the swelling of maize and bean cakes) and in the process of decantation of traditional beer. In order to valorize these barks in dried form, study of the effect of drying temperature on the rheological properties of their gums was carried out. In this respect, the fresh barks were dried at 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, 70℃ and 80℃ and the viscosity of their extracts was measured. The drying kinetic of the barks showed two falling rate periods represented by two drying constants?k1 and k2. The absolute viscosity of the extracts decreased beyond drying temperatures higher than 70℃ and 80℃respectively for T cordifolia and B. Thermifolia. The decreasing viscosity is attributed mainly to a reorganization of polysaccharide chains. The temperatures range lower than 70℃ could be retained to dry the barks and to extract gums without deteriorating their properties.

关键词： Barks Drying Constant Equilibrium Moisture Content Gums Viscosity

Simplified Mathematical Model of Glucose-Insulin System

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2018年第3期8卷 233-244页

作者： jean Marie Ntaganda Froduald Minani Wellars Banzi Lydie Mpinganzima Japhet Niyobuhungiro jean bosco Gahutu Eric Rutaganda Immaculate Kambutse Vincent Dusabejambo Department of Mathematics School of Science College of Science and Technology University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda School of Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda

Mathematical modelling of glucose-insulin system is very important in medicine as a necessary tool to understand the homeostatic control of human body. It can also be used to design clinical trials and in the evaluation of the diabetes prevention. In the last three decades so much work has been done in this direction. One of the most notable models is the global six compartment-mathematical model with 22 ordinary differential equations due to John Thomas Sorensen. This paper proposes a more simplified three compartment-mathematical model with only 6 ordinary differential equations by introducing a tissue compartment comprising kidney, gut, brain and periphery. For model parameter identification, we use inverse problems technique to solve a specific optimal control problem where data are obtained by solving the global model of John Thomas Sorensen. Numerical results show that the proposed model is adaptable to data and can be used to adjust diabetes mellitus type I or type II for diabetic patients.

关键词： Glucose Insulin Mathematical Model Parameter Identification

Experimental and Analytical Study of Water Diffusion in Palm Kernel Shell of Cameroon

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第11期11卷 733-743页

作者： Dieunedort Ndapeu jean bosco Kuate Yagueka Francis Tamwo Bernard Morino Ganou Koungang Médard Fogue Ebenezer Njeugna Research Unit of Industrial and Systems Engineering Environment (UR-ISIE) IUT/FV Bandjoun University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Research Unit of Mechanics and Modeling of Physical System (UR-2MSP) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics and Adapted Materials (LAMMA) ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon

Moisture diffusion during soaking of palm kernel shell (Elaeis guineensis) aggregate concerning DURA variety of Cameroon was studied. Parameters like percentage of water gain at the saturation point and the effective moisture diffusivity were the main purposes. The knowledge of the behavior of those shells in presence of the liquid during the realization of the composite materials is important. Gravimetric method with discontinuous control of the mass of sample after immersion at the ambient temperature was used. Palm kernel shell aggregate of two origins and two considerable sizes respectively in mm: Sizes ≥ 16 and 12.5 ≤ Sizes -8 and 7.90 × 10-9 m2/s] was also determined according to their irregular shapes by fitted soaking data in Becker’s model.

关键词： Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) Absorption Moisture Diffusivity

Contribution to the Characterization of Palm Kernel Shell from Littoral, Cameroon

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第10期11卷 668-677页

作者： Dieunedort Ndapeu jean bosco Kuate Yagueka Efeze Dydimus Nkemaja Bernard Morino Ganou Koungang Médard Fogue Ebenezer Njeugna Research Unit of Industrial and Systems Engineering Environment (UR-ISIE) IUT/FV Bandjoun University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Research Unit of Mechanics and Modeling of Physical System (UR-2MSP) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics and Adapted Materials (LAMMA) ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon

The experimental study carried out in this work contributes to the physico-mechanical characterization of the palm kernel shells (PKS) Elaeis guineensis of the DURA and TENERA varieties. The knowledge of these properties gives an idea of their behaviour in the realization of composites and others. The absolute density was determined by the method of pycnometer, the porosity and compactness of PKS too;respectively 1428.81 kg/m3 for Dura, 1395.81 kg/m3 for Tenera;0.041 for Dura, 0.158 for Tenera;0.958 for Dura, 0.841 for Tenera. The impact energy of PKS by the pendulum sheep method has an average value of 2.066 J/cm2 and 1.894 J/cm2 for Dura and Tenera respectively at a temperature of 26°C. The longitudinal Young’s modulus of 19 GPa and 17.9 GPa for Dura and Tenera, respectively, was determined by applying the Castigliano theorem through a three-point bending test device.

关键词： PKS Density Compactness Impact Energy Young’s Modulus