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Review of the development and uses of hard grade asphalts in France

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Journal of Road Engineering 2021年第1期1卷 73-79页

作者： jean-Francois Corte Directorate of Transport Infrastructures Ministry of TransportLa Defense 92055France

Hard grade paving asphalts,i.e.,having a penetration at 25C lower than 25 mm/10,have experienced,in France,a significant development over the last forty years,linked to the development of high modulus asphalt concrete for rehabilitation then for new construction of road *** the first part,this paper provides a review of the evolution of asphalts in France over the past sixty years towards the use of harder penetration grades and a limitation of the evolution of the asphalt in the mixing plant to avoid early cracking of the *** recommendations in relation to climatic conditions are *** characteristics of different hard asphalts produced in France are presented including data on the effect of ageing tests rolling thin film oven test(RTFOT)and pressure ageing vessel(PAV).Hardening of hard asphalt after RTFOTþPAV is comparable to that of softer *** performance related to low temperature cracking is less which limits the use of plain hard asphalt in pavements subjected to severe winter conditions and requires polymer *** specifications for hard grade paving asphalts based on traditional empirical tests included in the European standard developed in the mid 2000s and the choices made in France are presented.A comparison of the specifications for hard grade paving asphalts in the European standards and of those proposed for China shows that the European specifications are more stringent as regards consistency and evolution after ageing tests.

关键词： Asphalt Hard grade Rheology Standard

Transition metal-templated synthesis of catenanes and rotaxanes

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 2028-2031页

作者： CHAMBRON jean-Claude SAUVAGE jean-Pierre ICMUB(CNRS UMR no 5260) Université de Bourgogne9 Avenue Alain Savary ISIS Université de Strasbourg8 Allée Gaspard Monge

Catenanes are molecules made of two or more interlocked rings, and rotaxanes are composed of rings threaded onto axles that look like dumbbells because they are terminated by stoppers large enough to prevent unthreadi... 详细信息

关键词：模板合成过渡金属轮烷分子

Microbiota-host interplay at the gut epithelial level,health and nutrition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 327-334页

作者： jean-Paul Lallès Division of Human Nutrition Division INRA Clermont-Ferrand France Human Nutrition Research Center-West Nantes France

Growing evidence suggests the implication of the gut microbiota in various facets of health and disease. In this review, the focus is put on microbiota-host molecular cross-talk at the gut epithelial level with special emphasis on two defense systems： intestinal alkaline phosphatase（IAP） and inducible heat shock proteins（iHSPs）. Both IAP and iHSPs are induced by various microbial structural components（e.g. lipopolysaccharide, flagellin, CpG DNA motifs）,metabolites（e.g. n-butyrate） or secreted signal molecules（e.g., toxins, various peptides, polyphosphate）. IAP is produced in the small intestine and secreted into the lumen and in the interior milieu. It detoxifies microbial components by dephosphorylation and, therefore, down-regulates microbe-induced inflammation mainly by inhibiting NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathway in enterocytes. IAP gene expression and enzyme activity are influenced by the gut microbiota. Conversely, IAP controls gut microbiota composition both directly, and indirectly though the detoxification of pro-inflammatory free luminal adenosine triphosphate and inflammation inhibition. Inducible HSPs are expressed by gut epithelial cells in proportion to the microbial load along the gastro-intestinal tract. They are also induced by various microbial components, metabolites and secreted molecules. Whether iHSPs contribute to shape the gut microbiota is presently unknown. Both systems display strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties that are protective to the gut and the host. Importantly, epithelial gene expressions and protein concentrations of IAP and iHSPs can be stimulated by probiotics, prebiotics and a large variety of dietary components, including macronutrients（protein and amino acids, especially L-glutamine, fat, fiber）, and specific minerals（e.g. calcium）and vitamins（e.g. vitamins K1 and K2）. Some food components（e.g. lectins, soybean proteins, various polyphenols） may inhibit or disturb these systems. The general cel ular and molecula

关键词： Diet Gut Inducible heat shock protein Inflammation Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Microbiota

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Single-particle cryo-EM: beyond the resolution

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作者： Folkerts jean.

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 864-866页

作者： jean-Paul Armache Yifan Cheng Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State University Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California San Francisco Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California San Francisco

Structural biology aims to provide structural insights into our understandings of biological processes at the atomic *** structures of biological macromolecules are often determinedby one of the three major methods:Xr... 详细信息

关键词： Single-particle cryo-EM beyond the resolution

Microplastics and microbiota:Unraveling the hidden environmental challenge

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2191-2194页

作者： jean Demarquoy Universitéde Bourgogne Institut Agro-DijonDijon 21000France

This editorial explores the intricate relationship between microplastics(MPs)and gut microbiota,emphasizing the complexity and environmental health *** gut microbiota,a crucial component of gastrointestinal health,is examined in the context of potential microbial degradation of ***,dysbiosis induced by MPs emerges as a consensus,disrupting the balance of gut microbiota and decreasing *** mechanisms triggering dysbiosis,including physical interactions and chemical composition,are under *** research addresses the consequences of MPs on immune function,nutrient metabolism,and overall host *** bidirectional relationship between MPs and gut microbiota has significant implications for environmental and human *** uncertainties,MPs negatively impact gut microbiota and *** research is essential to unravel the complex interactions and assess the long-term consequences of MPs on both environmental and human well-being.

关键词： Microplastics Microbiota Gut Dysbiosis

Generalized Backward Doubly Stochastic Differential Equations Driven by Lévy Processes with Continuous Coefficients

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2012年第10期28卷 2011-2020页

作者： Auguste AMAN jean Marc OWO UFR de Mathématiques et Informatique Université de Cocody

A new class of generalized backward doubly stochastic differential equations （GBDSDEs in short） driven by Teugels martingales associated with Levy process are investigated. We establish a comparison theorem which al... 详细信息

关键词： Backward doubly stochastic differential equations L@vy processes Teugels martingales comparison theorem continuous and linear growth conditions

EXISTENCE AND BOUNDEDNESS OF SOLUTIONS FOR SYSTEMS OF QUASILINEAR ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2021年第2期41卷 397-412页

作者： Abdelkrim MOUSSA OUI jean VELIN Applied Mathematics Laboratory Faculty of Exact SciencesA.Mira Bejaia UniversityAlgeria Département de Mathématiques et Informatique Laboratoire LAMIAUniversitédes AntillesCampus de Fouillole 97159 Pointe-à-PitreGuadeloupe(FWI)

This article sets forth results on the existence and boundedness of solutions for quasilinear elliptic systems involving p-Laplacian and q-Laplacian *** approach combines Schaefer's fixed point as well as Moser's iter... 详细信息

关键词： p-Laplacian Schaefer's fixed point Besov and Sobolev spaces boundedness regularity

Self-sealing of fractures in indurated claystones measured by water and gas flow

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第1期15卷 227-238页

作者： Chun-Liang Zhang jean Talandier Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS) Braunschweig38122Germany Agence nationale pour la gestion des déchets radioactifs(ANDRA) Châtenay-Malabry cedex92298France

Self-sealing of fractures in the indurated Callovo-Oxfordian(COX)and Opalinus(OPA)claystones,which are considered as host rocks for disposal of radioactive waste,was investigated on artificially fractured *** samples were extracted from four lithological facies relatively rich in clay mineral,carbonate and quartz,*** self-sealing of fractures was measured by fracture closure,water permeability variation,gas penetration,and recovery of gas-induced *** of the fractured samples exhibited a dramatic reduction inwater permeability to low levels that is close to that of intact rock,depending on their mineralogical composition,fracture intensity,confining stress,and load *** self-sealing capacity of the clay-rich samples is higher than that of the carbonate-rich and sandy *** effects of sample size and fracture intensity were *** sealed fractures become gas-tight for certain in-jection ***,the measured gas breakthrough pressures are still lower than the confining *** gas-induced pathways can recover when contacting *** important findings imply that fractures in such indurated claystones can effectively recover to hinder water transport but allow gas release under relatively low pressures without compromising the rock integrity.

关键词： Claystone Self-sealing of fracture Fracture closure Water permeability Gas breakthrough pressure Resealing of gas pathway