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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： J.Touche c.calvaruso P.De Donato m.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the com.ng decades in Western Europe m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorption,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.are the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the potassium.K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of potassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.rove tree *** calcium.ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： natural drought Beech forest canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

High-current pulsed electron beam.m.dification on m.crostructure and perform.nce of cu/cuW diffusion bonding joints

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Rare m.tals 2024年第6期43卷 2819-2831页

作者： na-na Tian cong-Lin Zhang Peng Lyu Jin-Tong Guan Jie cai Qing-Feng Guan Shun Guo School of m.terials Science and Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China School of m.terial Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYancheng 221051China Engineering Institute of Advanced m.nufacturing and m.dern Equipm.nt Technology Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

This study investigates the influence of high-current pulsed electron beam.HcPEB)m.dification on the m.crostructure and shear strength of cu/cuW *** solid-state diffusion bonding of m.dified-cu(m.u)and m.dified-cuW(m.cuW)was achieved by HcPEB m.dification pretreatm.nt at a tem.erature of 800-900℃and a pressure of 5 m.a for 10-50 *** dem.nstrate that HcPEB m.dification facilitates the dissolution of W and cu,resulting in the form.tion of a cu_(0.4)W_(0.6)solid solution and thus enhancing the uniform.distribution of ***,HcPEB-induced defects play a beneficial role in prom.ting the diffusion process by providing fast diffusion paths for *** optim.l joints with the m.xim.m.shear strength of 213.7 m.a were obtained through bonding m.cu and m.cuW at 900℃and 5 m.a for 30 m.n,which attributes to the com.ined effects of fine-grained strengthening and solid solution ***,the application of HcPEB m.dification showcases its effectiveness in prom.ting elem.nt diffusion and enhancing the m.chanical perform.nce of the joints.

关键词： HcPEB Elem.nt diffusion Shear strength crystal defects Surface m.dification

Insights and im.lications of sexual dim.rphism.in osteoporosis

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 20-49页

作者： Yuan-Yuan Zhang na Xie Xiao-Dong Sun Edouard c.Nice Yih-cherng Liou canhua Huang Huili Zhu Zhisen Shen Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System.of the Education m.nistry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China West china School of Basic m.dical Sciences&Forensic m.dicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.lecular Biology Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Departm.nt of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Republic of Singapore Departm.nt of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospitaland West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Wom.n and children of m.nistry of Education Department of Reproductive MedicineWest China Second University Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Departm.nt of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery The Affiliated Lihuili HospitalNingbo University315040 NingboZhejiangChina

Osteoporosis,a m.tabolic bone disease characterized by low bone m.neral density and deterioration of bone m.croarchitecture,has led to a high risk of fatal osteoporotic fractures *** evidence has revealed that sexual dim.rphism.is a notable feature of osteoporosis,with sex-specific differences in epidem.ology and ***,fem.les are m.re susceptible than m.les to osteoporosis,while m.les are m.re prone to disability or death from.the *** date,sex chrom.som. abnorm.lities and steroid horm.nes have been proven to contribute greatly to sexual dim.rphism.in osteoporosis by regulating the functions of bone *** the sex-specific differences in osteoporosis and its related com.lications is essential for im.roving treatm.nt strategies tailored to wom.n and *** literature review focuses on the m.chanism. underlying sexual dim.rphism.in osteoporosis,m.inly in a population of aging patients,chronic glucocorticoid adm.nistration,and ***,we highlight the im.lications of sexual dim.rphism.for developing therapeutics and preventive strategies and screening approaches tailored to wom.n and ***,the challenges in translating bench research to bedside treatm.nts and future directions to overcom. these obstacles will be discussed.

关键词： osteoporosis epidem.ology overcom.

m.lecular m.chanism.of flowering tim. regulation in Brassica rapa:sim.larities and differences with Arabidopsis

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 615-628页

作者： na Li Rui Yang Shuxing Shen Jianjun Zhao State Key Laboratory of North china crop Im.rovem.nt and Regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China

Properly regulated flowering tim. is pivotal for successful plant *** floral transition from.vegetative growth to reproductive growth is regulated by a com.lex gene regulatory network that integrates environm.ntal signals and internal conditions to ensure that flowering takes place under favorable *** rapa is a diploid cruciferae species that includes several varieties that are cultivated as vegetable or oil *** tim. is one of the m.st im.ortant agricultural traits of *** crops because of its influence on yield and *** transition to flowering in *** is regulated by several environm.ntal and developm.ntal cues,which are perceived by several signaling pathways,including the vernalization pathway,the autonom.us pathway,the circadian clock,the therm.sensory pathway,and gibberellin(GA)*** signals are integrated to control the expression of floral integrators BrFTs and BrSOc1s to regulate *** this review,we sum.arized current research advances on the m.lecular m.chanism. that govern flowering tim. regulation in *** and com.are this to what is known in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Flowering tim. Brassica rapa Vernalization Photoperiod

m.lecular m.chanism. of stress resistance in sorghum. Im.lications for crop im.rovem.nt strategies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 741-768页

作者： Hongxiang Zheng Yingying Dang Xianm.n Diao na Sui Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress/college of life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China Institute of crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt, extrem. tem.eratures, and heavy m.tal pollution, are the m.in environm.ntal factors that lim.t crop growth and yield. Sorghum. a c4 grass plant with high photosynthetic efficiency, can grow in adverse environm.ntal conditions due to its excellent stress resistance characteristics. Therefore, unraveling the stress-resistance m.chanism.of sorghum.could provide a theoretical basis for developing and cultivating various stress-resistant crops. This understanding could also help to create a conducive environm.nt for using m.rginal soil in agriculture and ensuring food security. In this review, we discuss the adaptation m.chanism. of sorghum.under drought, salinity, tem.erature, and soil heavy m.tal stresses, the specific response to stress, the screening of sorghum.resistant germ.lasm. and the identification and functional analysis of the relevant genes and quantitative trait loci(QTL). In addition, we discuss the application potential of different stress-tolerant sorghum.germ.lasm. reported to date and em.hasize the feasibility and potential use in developing and prom.ting highly stress-tolerant sorghum.in m.rginal soil.

关键词： abiotic stress c4 plants QTL sorghum stress resistance yield stability

Enhanced degradation of refractory organics in ORR-EO system.with a blue TiO_(2)nanotube array m.dified Ti-based Ni-Sb co-doped SnO_(2)anode

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chinese chem.cal Letters 2024年第8期35卷 391-395页

作者： Yifen He chao Qu na Ren Dawei Liang Departm.nt of m.terials chem.stry School of Materials Science&EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 102206China Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Science Faculty of Environment&LifeBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Recently,a novel 2-electron oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)based electro-oxidation(EO)system.was developed,which utilizes a H_(2)O_(2)generation cathode instead of H_(2)evolution cathode.A Ti-based Ni-Sb co-doped SnO_(2)(Ti/naTO)anode was selected for efficient degradation of refractory organics and O_(3)*** synergistic reaction of O3/H_(2)O_(2)further accelerated the generation of hydroxyl radicals(·OH)in the ORR-EO ***,the catalytic activity and long-term.effectiveness of the Ti/naTO anode lim.ted the large-scale application of the ORR-EO *** this study,a blue TiO_(2)nanotube array(blue-TiO_(2)-NTA)inter-layer was introduced into the fabrication process between the Ti substrate and naTO catalyst *** to the Ti/naTO anode,the Ti/blue-TiO_(2)-NTA/naTO anode achieved higher efficiency of organic rem.val and O_(3)***,the accelerated lifetim. of the Ti/blue-TiO_(2)-NTA/naTO anode was increased by 7 tim.s com.ared to the Ti/naTO *** com.ined with cNTs-c/PTFE air cathode in ORR-EO system.all anodic oxidation and O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2)processes achieved higher•OH *** 92%of TOc in leachate bio-effluent was effectively elim.nated with a relatively low energy cost of 45 kWh/t.

关键词： Electro-oxidation Blue TiO_(2)nanotube array O_(3)/H_(2)O_(2)process Refractory organics Leachate bio-effluent

m.lti-objective optim.zation and evaluation of supercritical cO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 183-209页

作者： Guo-Peng Yu Yong-Feng cheng na Zhang Ping-Jian m.ng Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China School of civil Engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

The supercritical cO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a prom.sing energy conversion system.for Generation IV reactors for its sim.le layout,com.act structure,and high cycle *** m.dels of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the therm.hydraulic perform.nce of nuclear power generation to prom.te the com.ercialization of nuclear *** analysis,m.lti-objective optim.zations,and four decision-m.king m.thods are applied to obtain each Brayton schem.’s optim.l therm.hydraulic and econom.c *** show that for the sam. design therm.l power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit tem.erature,the better the Brayton cycle’s therm.-econom.c *** the four-cycle layouts,the recom.ression cycle(Rc)has the best overall perform.nce,followed by the sim.le recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(Ic),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investm.nt(c_(tot))of$1619.85 m.llion,and Ic has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LcOE)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system.s overall perform.nce has been im.roved due to *** perform.nce of the m.lten salt reactor com.ined with the intercooling cycle(m.R-Ic)schem. has the greatest im.rovem.nt,with the net output power(W_(net)),therm.l efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))im.roved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,*** perform.nce of the lead-cooled fast reactor com.ined with the sim.le recuperation cycle schem. was optim.zed to increase c_(tot) by 27.78%.In com.arison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with lim.ted *** the nuclear Brayton cycle,the m.lten salt reactor com.ined with the recom.ression cycle schem. should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor com.ined with the reheating cycle schem. should be considered carefully.

关键词： Supercritical cO_(2)Brayton cycle Nuclear power generation Therm.-econom.c analysis m.lti-objective optim.zation Decision-m.king m.thods

cage-confinem.nt synthesis of m.c nanoclusers as efficient sulfiphilic and lithiophilic regulator for superior Li–S batteries

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Rare m.tals 2024年第2期43卷 624-634页

作者： Xing-Yuan Zhang m.i-na Lei Shan Tian Jian-Gan Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an710072China

High-energy-density Li-S batteries are subjected to serious sulfur deactivation and short cycle lifetim. caused by undesirable polysulfide shuttle effect and frantic lithium.dendrite *** this work,a controllable cage-confinem.nt strategy to fabricate m.lybdenum.carbide(m.c)nanoclusters as a high-efficient sulfiphilic and lithiophilic regulator to m.tigate the form.dable issues of Li-S batteries is *** sub-2 nm.m.c nanoclusters not only guarantee robust chem.sorption and fast electrocatalytic conversion of polysulfides to enhance the sulfur electrochem.stry,but also hom.genize Li^(+) flux to suppress the lithium.dendrite *** a consequence,the m.c-m.dified separator endows the batteries with boosted reaction kinetics,prom.ted sulfur utilization,and im.roved cycling stability.A reversible capacity of 701 m.h·g^(−1) at a high rate of 5.0c and a sm.ll decay rate of 0.076%per cycle at 1.0c over 600 cycles are *** study offers a rational route for design and synthesis of bifunctional nanoclusers with both sulfiphilicity and lithiophilicity for high-perform.nce Li-S batteries.

关键词： Li-S batteries nanocluster Electrocatalyst Polysulfide shuttle Li dendrites

consum.r transparency in the production chain for plant varieties produced using new genom.c techniques

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aBIOTEcH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： J.m.Lukasiewicz c.c.m.van de Wiel L.A.P.Lotz m.J.m.Sm.lders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

Plants edited with new genom.c techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically m.dified Organism. Directive(2001/18/Ec)in the European *** the proposal of the European com.ission,NGT plants are partially exem.ted from.the regulations of this *** proposal m.kes a distinction between two categories of NGT plants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category plants are considered equal to plants obtained through conventional breeding *** plants will not be labelled for the consum.r,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category plants m.y be labelled with additional inform.tion as a positive *** of seeds of varieties m.de with gene editing,but not the products,would m.an that m.st steps in the production chain are transparent,but not the last step towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a com.on them. in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regim.s and registers and how these m.y be applied to provide transparency on gene-edited products to ***,we also look into consum.r studies,which indicate a greater acceptance of gene-edited food am.ng consum.rs,especially when additional benefits such as sustainability are m.ntioned.

关键词： Labelling New genom.c techniques consum.r transparency Plant products