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Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： debra S.Macdonald jay Penney department of Biomedical Sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

Carbene chemistry for unnatural biosynthesis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 204-207页

作者： Jing Huang jay.d.keasling department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryEmeryville 94608USA Biological Systems and Engineering division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeley 94720USA Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKongens Lyngby 2800Denmark department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94720USA Synthetic Biochemistry Center Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes for Advanced TechnologiesShenzhen 518055China

Previously,chemists working in synthesis were jealous of biologists since the enzymes found in nature usually exhibited great catalytic properties(e.g.,high catalytic efficiency,excellent selectivity such as substrate selectivity,regioselectivity and stereoselectivity).However,biological systems lack many counterparts of reactions widely used in chemical synthesis.

关键词： synthesis selectivity catalytic

Arabinosylation of a Yariv-Precipitable Cell Wall Polymer Impacts Plant Growth as Exemplified by the Arabidopsis Glycosyltransferase Mutant ray1

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Molecular Plant 2013年第4期6卷 1369-1372页

作者： Sascha Gille Vaishali Sharma Edward E.K. Baidoo jay d. keasling Henrik Vibe Scheller Markus Pauly Energy Biosciences Institute University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Joint BioEnergy Institute Emeryville CA 94608 USA Physical Biosciences division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA

dear Editor, Plant cells are encased by cell walls--rigid yet highly dynamic composite structures, which consist of cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectic polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and the polyphenol lignin （Somerville et al., 2004）. Biosynthesis of the wall polysaccharides is facilitated by donor- and acceptor- substrate-specific glycosyltransferases catalyzing the transfer of the sugar moiety from a nucleotide sugar to form a specific glycosidic linkage. Glycosyltransferases have been grouped into families based on primary structure, one of which is fam- ily GT77 （***/GT77_***）.

关键词： NICOTIANA benthamiana NUCLEOTIdES PLANT cell walls GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES PLANT genes

A FAIR-compliant parts catalogue for genome engineering and expression control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第2期7卷 657-663页

作者： Vasil d’Ambrosio Lea G.Hansen Jie Zhang Emil d.Jensen dushica Arsovska Marcos Laloux Tadas Jakociunas Pernille Hjort davide de Lucrezia Serena Marletta jay.d.keasling Michael K.Jensen Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark Explora Biotech Srl Italy Joint BioEnergy Institute EmeryvilleCAUSA Biological Systems and Engineering division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA Center for Synthetic Biochemistry Institute for Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologiesShenzhenChina

The synthetic biology toolkit for baker’s yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,includes extensive genome engineering toolkits and parts ***,with the increasing complexity of engineering tasks and versatile applications of this model eukaryote,there is a continued interest to expand and diversify the rational engineering capabilities in this chassis by FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reproducible)*** this study,we designed and characterised 41 synthetic guide RNA sequences to expand the CRISPR-based genome engineering capabilities for easy and efficient replacement of genomically encoded ***,we characterize in high temporal resolution 20 native promoters and 18 terminators using fluorescein and LUdOX CL-X as references for GFP expression and Od600 measurements,***,all data and reported analysis is provided in a publicly accessible jupyter notebook providing a tool for researchers with low-coding skills to further explore the generated data as well as a template for researchers to write their own *** expect the data,parts,and databases associated with this study to support a FAIR-compliant resource for further advancing the engineering of yeasts.

关键词： gRNA Promoter Terminator Yeast Standardization

Biodegradation of alkylates under less agitated aquifer conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1529-1538页

作者： jay J. Cho Makram T. Suidan Albert d. Venosa URS Corporation 7720N 16th St. Ste 100 Phoenix AZ 85020 USA Faculty of Engineering and Architecture American University of Beirut Dean's officeP.O.Box 11-0236 Riad El Solh 1107 2020 Beirut Lebanon US Environmental Protection Agency National Risk Management Research LaboratoryCincinnati OH 45268 USA

The biodegradability of three alkylates （2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane） under less agitated aquifer conditions was investigated in this study. All three alkylates biodegraded completely under these conditions regardless of the presence or absence of ethanol or benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes （BTEX） in the feed. In the presence of ethanol, alkylates degradation was not inhibited by ethanol. However, alkylates degraded more slowly in the presence of BTEX suggesting competitive inhibition to microbial utilization of alkylates. In the sterile controls, alkylates concentrations remained unchanged throughout the experiments.

关键词： biodegradation alkylates inhibition BTEX ethanol

Significant methodologic variations in calculating renal function changes following kidney tumor surgery:A quality reporting issue?

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015年第5期6卷 89-91页

作者： Ruth d Blum jay d Raman division of Urology Penn State Milton S.Hershey Medical Center

Renal tumor surgery places patients at increased risk for chronic kidney disease(CKd). Accurate quantification of kidney function changes before and after surgery is essential to determine the magnitude of decline attributable to an index procedure. Current literature, however, highlights heterogeneity and inconsistencies in measurement techniques thereby contributing to ambiguity amongst studies. Further efforts are necessary to standardize reporting of kidney function outcomes related to renal surgery.

关键词： Radical nephrectomy Partial nephrectomy Nephroureterectomy Glomerular filtration rate Chronic kidney disease

Comparative susceptibility and immune responses of Asian and European honey bees to the American foulbrood pathogen, Paenibacillus larvae

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 831-842页

作者： Sasiprapa Krongdang jay d.Evans Yanping Chen Wannapha Mookhploy Panuwan Chantawannakul 1Bee Protection Laboratory Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology Graduate SchoolChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand USdA-ARS Bee Research LaboratoryBeltsvilleMarylandUSA Environmental Science Research Center Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand

American foulbrood (AFB) disease is caused by Paenibacillus larvae. Currently, this pathogen is widespread in the European honey bee— Apis mellifera. However, little is known about infectivity and pathogenicity of P. lan'ae in the Asiatic cavity-nesting honey bees, Apis cerana. Moreover, comparative knowledge of P. larvae infectivity and pathogenicity between both honey bee species is scarce. In this study, we examined susceptibility, larval mortality, survival rate and expression of genes encoding antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) including defensin, apidaecin, abaecin, and hymenoptaecin in A. mellifera and A. cerana when infected with P. larvae. Our results showed similar effects of P. larvae on the survival rate and patterns of AMP gene expression in both honey bee species when bee larvae are infected with spores at the median lethal concentration (LC5 0 ) for A. mellifera. All AMPs of infected bee larvae showed significant upregulation compared with noninfected bee larvae in both honey bee species. However, larvae of A. cerana were more susceptible than A. mellifera when the same larval ages and spore concentration of P. larvae were used. It also appears that A. cerana showed higher levels of AMP expression than A. mellifera. This research provides the first evidence of survival rate, LC50 and immune response profiles of Asian honey bees, A. cerana, when infected by P. larvae in comparison with the European honey bee, A. mellifera.

关键词： Apis cerana Apis mellifera honey bee immune gene Paenibacillus larvae susceptibility

Scientific observations at total solar eclipses

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第6期9卷 613-634页

作者： jay M. Pasachoff Williams College-Hopkins Observatory Williamstown Massachusetts 01267 USA California Institute of Technology 150-21 Pasadena CA 91125

The occasion of the longest totality of an eclipse in the 18 yr 11^1/3 d saros cycle leads to taking stock of the scientific value of ground-based eclipse observations in this space age. Though a number of space satellites from the U.S., Europe, Japan, and Russia study the Sun, scientists at eclipses can observe the solar chromosphere and corona at higher spatial resolution, at higher temporal resolution, and at higher spectral resolution than are possible aloft. Furthermore, eclipse expeditions can transport a wide variety of state-of-the-art equipment to the path of totality. Thus, for at least some years to come, solar eclipse observations will remain both scientifically valuable and cost-effective ways to study the outer solar atmosphere.

关键词： Sun eclipses

A new four-dimensional chaotic system with first Lyapunov exponent of about 22,hyperbolic curve and circular paraboloid types of equilibria and its switching synchronization by an adaptive global integral sliding mode control

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第4期27卷 214-227页

作者： jay Prakash Singh Binoy Krishna Roy Zhouchao Wei department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar 788010 India School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

This paper presents a new four-dimensional（4 d） autonomous chaotic system which has first Lyapunov exponent of about 22 and is comparatively larger than many existing three-dimensional（3 d） and 4 d chaotic *** proposed system exhibits hyperbolic curve and circular paraboloid types of *** system has all zero eigenvalues for a particular case of an equilibrium *** system has various dynamical behaviors like hyperchaotic,chaotic,periodic,and *** system also exhibits coexistence of *** behavior of the new system is validated using circuit *** an interesting switching synchronization phenomenon is proposed for the new chaotic *** adaptive global integral sliding mode control is designed for the switching synchronization of the proposed *** the switching synchronization,the synchronization is shown for the switching chaotic,stable,periodic,and hybrid synchronization *** of the controller designed in the paper is compared with an existing controller.

关键词： new hyperchaotic system maximum chaos an infinite number of equilibria hidden attractors switching synchronization global sliding mode control