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Analysis of Changes of Extreme temperature during June to August Season over tanzania

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第2期12卷 44-56页

作者： Justus Renatus Mbawala Huixin Li Jiani Zeng Daudi Mikidadi Ndabagenga Anqin tan Daniela janine Beukes Praksed Mrosso Rafael Samuel Ekwacu Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China National Meteorological training Centre Kigoma Tanzania tanzania Meteorological Authority (tMA) Forecasting Office Kilimanjaro International Airport (KIA) Kilimanjaro Tanzania Namibia Meteorological Service Windhoek Namibia Uganda National Meteorological Authority Kampala Uganda

Natural and human systems are exposed and vulnerable to climate extremes, which contributes to the repercussions of climate variability and the probability of disasters. the impacts of both natural and human-caused climate variability are reflected in the reported changes in climate extremes. Particularly at the local community levels in the majority of the regions, there is currently a dearth of information regarding the distribution, dynamics, and trends of excessive temperatures among the majority of tanzanians. Over the years 1982-2022, this study examined trends in tanzania’s extreme temperature over the June to August season. Based on the distinction between absolute and percentile extreme temperatures, a total of eight EtCCDI climate indices were chosen. Mann-Kendall test was used to assess the presence of trends in extreme climatic indices and the Sen’s Slope was applied to compute the extent of the trends in temperature extremes. the study showed that in most regions, there is significant increase of warm days and nights while the significant decrease of cold days and nights was evident to most areas. Moreover, nighttime warming surpasses daytime warming in the study area. the study suggests that anthropogenic influences may contribute to the warming trend observed in extreme daily minimum and maximum temperatures globally, with tanzania potentially affected, as indicated in the current research. the overall results of this study reflect patterns observed in various regions worldwide, where warm days and nights are on the rise while cold days and nights are diminishing.

关键词： Indices Warm Days and Nights Cold Days and Nights ECA&D tanzania

Amylase intrapancreatic infusion delays insulin release during an intravenous glucose tolerance test,proof of acini–islet–acinar interactions

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 101-107页

作者： Kateryna Pierzynowska Piotr Wychowański Kamil Zaworski Jarosław Woliński janine Donaldson Dominika Szkopek Katarzyna Roszkowicz-Ostrowska Agata Kondej Stefan G Pierzynowski Department of Biology Lund UniversityLund 22362Sweden Department of Animal Physiology The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and NutritionPolish Academy of SciencesJabłonna 05110Poland Anara AB Trelleborg 23132Sweden Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs Division of Oral Surgery and ImplantologyInstitute of Clinical DentistryGemelli Foundation for the University PoliclinicCatholic University of the“Sacred Heart”Rome 00168Italy Department of Oral Surgery Medical University of GdańskGdańsk 80211Poland Laboratory of Large Animal Models The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and NutritionPolish Academy of SciencesJabłonna 05110Poland School of Physiology Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the Witwatersrand(WITS)Johannesburg 2050South Africa Department of Medical Biology Institute of Rural HealthLublin 20090Poland

BACKGROUND the possible existence of an acini–islet–acinar(AIA)reflex,involving mutual amylase and insulin interactions,was investigated in the current acute experiment on *** to confirm the existence of an AIA reflex and justify the placement of the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic components within the same *** the study was performed on six pigs under general *** intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed,with a bolus infusion of 50%glucose to the jugular vein,while amylase(5000 U/kg)or vehicle intrapancreatic infusions were administered via the pancreaticoduodenalis cranialis artery during 30 min with a 1 mL/min flow *** the amylase infusion to pancreatic arterial circulation inhibited and delayed the insulin release peak which is usually associated with the highest value of blood glucose and is typically observed at 15 min after glucose infusion,for>1 *** intrapancreatic infusion of the vehicle(saline)did not have any effect on the time frame of insulin *** of 1%bovine serum albumin changed the insulin release curve dramatically and prolonged the high range of insulin secretion,far beyond the glucose *** Intrapancreatic arterial infusion of amylase interrupted the integrated glucose–insulin *** confirms an AIA reflex and justifies placement of the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic components within the same organ.

关键词： Amylase Glucose-insulin-amylase interaction Intravenous glucose tolerance test Acini-islet-acinar axis Insulin

the role of the general practitioner in men's health

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第3期22卷 229-232页

作者： janine David Porthcawl Medical Centre Porthcawl S Wales CF36 5DJ UK.

the general practitioner(GP)is pivotally placed as an access point to provide holistic healthcare for *** are the gateway to men's *** is the GP who has the power to impact on the present health and ameliorate the future health of *** active health promotion and targeted advice and investigation,the healthcare shy man has the potential to look forward to a healthier,more fulfilled,and active life.

关键词： gateway promotion placed

Severe chest pain in a pediatric ulcerative colitis patient after 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4400-4402页

作者： Orhan Atay Kadakkal Radhakrishnan janine Arruda Robert Wyllie Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition The Children’s Hospital Cleveland Clinic

Severe reactions to mesalamine products are rarely seen in pediatric patients. We report a case of a 12-year-old boy who had a severe cardiac reaction to a mesalamine product Asacol. Past medical history is significant for ulcerative colitis (UC) diagnosed at 9 years of age. Colo- noscopy one week prior to admission revealed pancoli- tis. He was treated with Asacol 800 mg three times per day and prednisone 20 mg/d. He was subsequently ad- mitted to the hospital for an exacerbation of his UC and started on intravenous solumedrol. He had improvement of his abdominal pain and diarrhea. the patient com- plained of new onset of chest pain upon initiating Asacol therapy. Electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed non-specific St-t wave changes with t-wave inversion in the lateral leads. Echocardiogram (ECHO) revealed low-normal to mildly depressed left ventricular systolic function. the left main coronary artery and left anterior descending artery were mildly prominent measuring 5 mm and 4.7 mm, respectively. His chest pain completely resolved within 24-36 h of discontinuing Asacol. A repeat echo- cardiogram performed two days later revealed normal left ventricular function with normal coronary arteries (t of chest pain after Asacol and im- mediate improvement of chest pain, as well as improve- ment of echocardiogram and ECG findings after discon- tinuing Asacol suggests that our patient suffered from a rare drug-hypersensitivity reaction to Asacol.

关键词： Mesalamine 5-aminosalicylic acid Ulcerative colitis Pericarditis Drug hypersensitivity reaction

Drug targets and resistance mechanisms in multiple myeloma

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2018年第2期1卷 87-117页

作者： janine Nass thomas Efferth Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of Biochemistry and PharmacyJohannes Gutenberg UniversityMainz 55128Germany

Multiple myeloma(MM),a malignancy of plasma cells,is the second most prevalent blood cancer(10%).A PubMed search has been conducted for English research papers and reviews published until January *** drugs are used in treatment of *** include the antineoplastic alkylating agents cyclophosphamide,busulfan and melphalan,immunomodulators such as lenalidomide and thalidomide,corticosteroids including dexamethasone,microtubule-targeting agents,such as paclitaxel and vinca alkaloids,as well as the proteasome inhibitors bortezomib and *** the considerable number of treatment options,MM is still difficult to treat,which is mirrored by the poor 10-year survival rate of 3%.Resistance to chemotherapy is often the cause for therapy *** resistances can be due to the overexpression of efflux pumps,genetic and epigenetic aberrations and the microenvironment of *** the gain of knowledge regarding genetic and molecular changes,many molecular targeted therapies including cell signaling targeted therapies are being developed against relapsed/refractory ***,epigenetic aberrations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications steered MM management in new *** these novel targeted therapies,inhibitors of histone deacetylase,Aurora kinase,inhibitors of the PI3K/AKt/mtOR pathway and cyclin dependent kinases are promising.

关键词： Cancer drug resistance drug targets chemotherapy genetics immunotherapy

Changes in demand and supply of ecosystem services under scenarios of future land use in Vorarlberg, Austria

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第12期16卷 2793-2809页

作者： SAUtER Isabel KIENASt Felix BOLLIGER janine WINtER Benjamin PAZuR Robert Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Zurcherstrasse 1118903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland ALPS-Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Grabenweg 686020 InnsbruckAustria Institute of Geography University of InnsbruckInnrain 526020 InnsbruckAustria Institute of Geography Slovak Academy of SciencesStefanikova 4981473 BratislavaSlovakia

Ecosystem services(ES)are highly impacted by human-induced land-use *** urbanization and agricultural land abandonment in Western Europe necessitate assessments of future land-change impacts on ES to ensure sustainable service *** present study aims at evaluating future demand and supply of three key services(flood protection,nearby recreation and biodiversity)in the mountainous region of Vorarlberg,*** mapped the ES for the referenced time step 2016 and two scenarios for 2050,assuming the continuation of current land-change trends and pressure on landscape *** for the referenced landscape in 2016 show the highest ES supply for intermediate levels,while ES supply was low in the lowlands and valley bottoms and in high-elevation *** found a high positive correlation of ES with the distribution of forested *** contrast,service demand was highest in lowelevation areas and decreased with increasing *** indicates that densely settled and intensively used agricultural areas currently suffer from ES *** projected future development of land use showed an increase in both supply and demand of the selected *** overall service supply increased more than the respective demand due to some reforestation of open *** forests were found to be important synergistic areas for overall service provision,we expect decreasing demand on related ***,demand was found to exceed the supply of ES,especially in the densely populated Rhine valley-requiring further policy *** ES-related information may contribute to regional policy making and ensure the long-term provision of ESs for future generations.

关键词： Land-use change Future land-use scenarios Regional assessment Ecosystem services Synergies Conflicts

the CRISPR/Cas revolution continues: From efficient gene editing for crop breeding to plant synthetic biology

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第12期60卷 1127-1153页

作者： Jochen Kumlehn janine Pietralla Goetz Hensel Michael Pacher Holger Puchta Plant Reproductive Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Botanical Institute Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Since the discovery that nucleases of the bacterial CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat)-associated(Cas) system can be used as easily programmable tools for genome engineering,their application massively transformed different areas of plant biology. In this review, we assess the current state of their use for crop breeding to incorporate attractive new agronomical traits into specific cultivars of various crop plants. this can be achieved by the use of Cas9/12 nucleases for double-strand break induction,resulting in mutations by non-homologous recombinatr e-tion. Strategies for performing such experiments à from Rthe design of guide RNA to the use of different transformation technologies à are evaluated. Furtherweive-more, we sum up recent developments regarding the use of nuclease-deficient Cas9/12 proteins, as DNAbinding moieties for targeting different kinds of enzyme activities to specific sites within the genome. Progress in base deamination, transcriptional induction and transcriptional repression, as well as in imaging in plants, is also discussed. As different Cas9/12 enzymes are at hand, the simultaneous application of various enzyme activities, to multiple genomic sites, is now in reach to redirect plant metabolism in a multifunctional manner and pave the way for a new level of plant synthetic biology.

关键词： From efficient gene editing for crop breeding to plant synthetic biology the CRISPR/Cas revolution continues

Electroencephalogram response in premature infants to different odors: a feasibility study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第12期18卷 845-848页

作者： janine Gellrich Sandy Schlage Veronika Messer Valentin A.Schriever Abteilung Neuropädiatrie Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus Technische UniversitätDresdenGermany Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität DresdenFetscherstrasse 7401307DresdenGermany Center for Chronically Sick Children(Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum SPZ)Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Pediatric Neurology Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

the importance of olfaction for newborns,especially for mother-associated odors is well *** receptor neurons were found in preterm infants as early as 24–27 weeks of gestation[1].therefore,it can be assumed that the olfactory sense is functioning in preterm infants[2],but only very little is known about olfactory processing at this *** studies dealing with the processing of olfactory stimuli have been conducted on mature ***,in 2001 a research group demonstrated,using near-infrared spectroscopy,that a change in blood oxygenation of premature infants could be detected in the orbitofrontal cortex after olfactory stimulation with disinfectant and detergent[3].Electroencephalogram(EEG)techniques have broadly been used to measure central odor processing in adults and children[4,5,6].

关键词： mother stimulation cortex

Risk factors for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in diabetic patients: a case control study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第3期12卷 417-423页

作者： Sukhum Silpa-archa Apichaya Papirachnart Panisa Singhanetr janine M Preble Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine Rajavithi Hospital Rangsit University Wayne State University School of Medicine

AIM: to identify risk factors associated with post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis(PCE) in type 2 diabetic ***: A hospital-based retrospective case-control study was conducted on 194 type 2 diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery in Rajavithi Hospital from January 2007 to December 2015. Fifteen patients with PCE were included as the case group and 179 patients without PCE were included as the control group. Potential factors associated with PCE among both groups including demographics, pre-operative characteristics, surgical settings and complications, were statistically analyzed using Chi-square testing and a logistic regression ***: Within the case group, 53% were females and the median age was 68 y. Univariate analysis of pre-operative characteristics, surgical settings and complications revealed that recent pre-operative fasting plasma glucose, insulin therapy, presence of diabetic retinopathy, and severe non-proliferative or proliferative diabetic retinopathy were significantly associated with PCE. In a multivariate analysis adjusting for blood glucose level, insulin treatment was the only significant factor associated with an increased risk of PCE(OR 3.9, 95%CI 1.0-15.0, P=0.04) compared to patients without insulin treatment. the most common causative organisms were gram-positive bacteria(89%). Staphylococcus species represented the most common group(67%). Median best corrected visual acuity at 1-month and 3-month follow-up was equal at 0.7 logMAR(20/100).CONCLUSION: the authors identify insulin treatment as the only risk factor associated with endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in type 2 diabetic patients. Further studies with serum levels of pre-operative glycated hemoglobin(HbA_(1c)) and post-operative fasting plasma glucose level are essential to truly demonstrate the role of peri-operative glycemic markers as a risk factor for PCE.

关键词： endophthalmitis cataract surgery diabetic patients insulin fasting plasma glucose