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Transcriptomic analyses of localized prostate cancers of East Asian and North American men reveal race-specific luminal-basal and microenvironmental differences

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Cancer Communications 2023年第10期43卷 1164-1168页

作者： Melvin L.K.Chua Alexander K.hakansson Enya h.W.Ong Boon hao hong Jing Jing Miao Adelene Y.L.sim janice s.h.tan Kah Min tan Gabrielle C.J.Lee Kar Perng Low Jeffrey K.L.Tuan Terence W.K.tan Michael L.C.Wang Joe P.s.Yeong Michael C.s.tan Lui shiong Lee Ravindran Kanesvaran Xin Zhao Julian ho Daniel E.spratt Edward M.schaeffer Kae-Jack Tay Yang Liu Elai Davicioni Li Yan Khor Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Duke-NUs Medical school SingaporeSingapore Division of Medical sciences National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Veracyte IncSan DiegoCAUSA Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health SciencesMonash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Pathology Changi General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Department of Urology Sengkang General HospitalSingaporeSingapore Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospitals Seidman Cancer CenterCase Comprehensive Cancer CenterClevelandOHUSA Department of Urology Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoILUSA Department of Urology Singapore General HospitalSingaporeSingapore

Dear editor,Prostate cancer(PCa)remains a major healthcare burden in men globally[1].Most patients present with localized disease,and treatment is recommended based on risk classification systems like the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)[2].however,these methods are imprecise for estimating metastasis-free survival and prostate cancer-specific mortality and thus biomarkers that can predict tumor aggression are needed[3–5].several studies have since characterized the molecular landscape of localized PCa in White[4,5]and Black/African-American men[6],but data is lacking in Asian men.The Chinese Prostate Cancer Genome and Epigenome Atlas(CPGEA)reported on the genomic and epigenomic landscape of 208 PCa of men from China[7].Comparative analyses between the CPGEA cohort and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)revealed higher frequencies of Forkhead box A1(FOXA1)and chromodomain-helicase DNA-binding 1(ChD1)mutations,and lower frequencies of phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN)mutations and transmembrane protease serine 2-E26 transformationspecific related gene(TMPRss2-ERG)fusion in Chinese compared with White men[7].These preliminary findings highlight the presence of race-specific differences in molecular phenotypes of PCa.

关键词： landscape Atlas editor

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Eutectic-derived synthesis of hierarchically nanoporous copper for electrochemical actuation and solar steam generation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2011-2018页

作者： Qingguo Bai Yan Wang Fuquan tan Zhonghua Zhang Key Laboratory for Liquid-solid structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJingshi Road 17923Jinan 250061China school of Applied Physics and Materials Wuyi UniversityDongcheng Village 22Jiangmen 529020China school of Materials science and Engineering University of JinanWest Road of Nan Xinzhuang 336Jinan 250022China

The utilization of nanoporous copper(np-Cu)as a metallic actuator has gained attention in recent years due to its cost-effectiveness in comparison to other precious metals.Despite this,the enhancement of np-Cu’s actuation performance remains a challenge due to limitations in its strain amplitude and actuation rate.Additionally,np-Cu has been deemed as a promising material for solar absorption due to its localized surface plasmon resonance effect.however,practical applications such as solar steam generators(ssGs)utilizing np-Cu have yet to be documented.In this study,we present the development of hierarchically nanoporous copper(hNC)through the dealloying of a eutectic Al-Cu alloy.The hierarchical structure of the hNC features a combination of ordered flat channels and randomly distributed continuous nanopores,which work in synergy to improve actuation performance.The ordered flat channels,with a sub-micron scale,facilitate rapid mass transport of electrolyte ions,while the nano-sized continuous pores,due to their large specific surface area,enhance the induced strain.Our results indicate that the hNC exhibits improved actuation performance,with a two times increase in both strain amplitude and rate in comparison to other reported np-Cu.Additionally,the hNC,for the first time,showcases excellent solar steam generation capabilities,with an evaporation rate of 1.47 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) and a photothermal conversion efficiency of 92%under a light intensity of 1 kW·m^(-2),which rivals that of nanoporous gold and silver film.The enhanced actuation performance and newly discovered solar steam generation properties of the hNC are attributed to its hierarchically porous structure.

关键词： eutectic alloy dealloying hierarchically nanoporous copper(hNC) actuation solar steam generation

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^(68)Gallium-labelled PsMA-PET/CT as a diagnostic and clinical decision-making tool in Asian prostate cancer patients following prostatectomy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第1期16卷 157-165页

作者： janice s.h.tan Charles X.Y.Goh Yen sin Koh Youquan Li Jeffrey K.L.Tuan Eu Tiong Chua Terence W.K.tan Michael L.C.Wang Lui shiong Lee Kae Jack Tay Ravindran Kanesvaran Chee Keong Toh Aaron K.T.Tong Winnie W.C.Lam Melvin L.K.Chua Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Singapore General Hospital Radiological sciences Academic Clinical Programme Duke-NUS Medical School Oncology Academic Clinical Programme Duke-NUS Medical School Department of Urology Singapore General Hospital Department of surgery Sengkang General Hospital Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Division of Medical sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore

Objective: Prostate cancers(PCa) in Asian individuals are molecularly distinct from those found in their Caucasian counterparts.There is no risk stratification tool for Asian men with rapid biochemical recurrence(BCR) following radical prostatectomy(Rad P). This study aims to assess the detection rate of ^(68)Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PsMA-PET/CT) for diagnosis of clinical recurrence and as a treatment decision making tool in Asian patients with BCR post-Rad P.Methods: ^(68)Ga PsMA-PET and CT body with/without bone scan [conventional workup(CWU)] were performed in 55 Asian patients with BCR within 36 months post-Rad P. Two blinded reviewers assessed the images. Detection rates of ^(68)Ga PsMAPET/CT were evaluated, and impact on management was reviewed by comparison with CWU.Results: Median time to BCR post-Rad P was 8.1 months. Detection rate for ^(68)Ga PsMA-PET/CT was 80%(44/55). A positive scan was significantly associated with increasing prostate-specific antigen(PsA) level [odds ratio(OR) = 1.13(95% CI 1.05–1.30), P =0.017], but not with higher Gleason grade or shorter PsA doubling time. Compared to CWU, ^(68)Ga PsMA-PET/CT detected an additional 106 lesions in 33/44 patients with a positive scan, resulting in a change in management in 25/44(56.8%) patients: 10 to hormonal therapy(hT) and whole pelvis radiotherapy(RT) in addition to bed RT, and 15 to palliative hT alone.Conclusions: In the present report, we demonstrated the diagnostic and treatment decision utility of ^(68)Ga PsMA-PET/CT in Asian men with rapid BCR. Detection of small volume nodal and systemic recurrences at low PsA levels(highlights the role of the tool in assigning patients to treatment intensification with hT-RT or palliative hT in polymetastatic disease.

关键词： ^68Ga PsMA PET/CT prostate cancer Asian diagnostic recurrence prostatectomy salvage radiotherapy

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Optimizing Average Electric Power During the Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi Method

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 152-166页

作者： Mohd h.s.Alrashdan Department of Electrical Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMaan 71110Jordan

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-discharge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. Moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17 W during charging were designed and simulated in

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Average electric power during charging Taguchi method COMsOL Multiphysics software C rate L27 orthogonal array

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An Isolable Phosphinogermylyne as a synthon of One-Coordinate GeⅠRadical

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第7期42卷 736-742页

作者： Dongmin Wang haonan Chen Yuhao he Xiaodan Chen Li Zhang Gengwen tan Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular EngineeringSchool of ChemistryIGCMESun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China school of Electronic Engineering Guangxi Universityof Science and TechnologyLiuzhouGuangxi 545000China College of Chemistry and Material Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Innovation Center for Chemical science College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215123China Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311121China

Reduction of chlorogermylene MsFluindtBu-GeCl 1 with potassium graphite(KC8)afforded putative germylyne radical MsFluindtBu-Ge 2 as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)spectroscopy.however,it slowly decayed via C—h bond activation at the fluorenyl moiety to yield a bis(germylene)3 at room temperature.By using a Lewis base to stabilize the unoccupied p orbital at the GeⅠradical center,acyclic two-coordinate GeⅠradicals MsFluindtBu-Ge(IMe4)4(IMe4=1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene),MsFluindtBu-Ge(IiPr)5(IiPr=1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene),MsFluindtBu-Ge(PMe3)6 were isolated in crystalline forms.The unpaired electron in 4-6 mainly resides at the Ge 4p orbital as revealed by EPR spectroscopic studies and theoretical calculations.Interestingly,facile ligand exchange of PMe3 in 6 with IMe4 and IiPr was observed to afford 4 and 5,respectively.Moreover,phosphinogermylyne 6 reacted with PhEEPh(E=s,se),4-tetrabutylphenylacetylene(Ar'CCh),[CpMo(CO)3]2 and nBu3snh to furnish germylenes MsFluindtBu-GeEPh(E=s 7,se 8),MsFluindtBu-GeCh=ChAr'9,a germylyne complex MsFluindtBu-Ge≡Mo(CO)2Cp 10 and a Ge(Ⅳ)compound MsFluindtBu-Geh2snnBu311,respectively.The reactivity studies demonstrate that 6 can act as a synthon of one-coordinate germylyne radical attributing to labile coordination of trimethylphosphine.

关键词： Phosphinogermylyne Germanium Radicals Donor-acceptor systems Radical reactions

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Facies development and sedimentology of the Middle Miocene carbonates of the Raghama Formation, northeastern saudi Arabia

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 87-96页

作者： Mansour h.Al-hashim Abdelbaset s.El-sorogy Meshal Wadani Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud University2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Ragahama Formation comprises a siliciclastic continental deposits followed by marine carbonates, representing prograding alluvial fans from adjacent high hinterlands seaward into lagoons and fringing reef environments. The present work aimed to document the facies development and sedimentology of the Raghama carbonates exposed along the eastern coastal plain of the Red sea, northwestern saudi Arabia. Four stratigraphic sections were measured and sampled(D1–D4) and thin sections and major and trace element analyses were prepared and applied for petrographic and geochemical approaches. The carbonates were subdivided into three successive fore-reef, reef-core, and back-reef depositional facies. sandy stromatolitic boundstone, microbial laminites, dolomitic ooidal grainstone, bioclastic coralline algal wackestone, sandy bioclastic wackestone, and coral boundstones were the reported microfacies types. Petrographic analysis reveals that the studied carbonates were affected by dissolution, dolomitization, and aggrading recrystallization, which affects both the original micrite matrix and grains or acts as fracture and veinlet filling leading to widespread vuggy and moldic porosity. No evidence of physical compaction, suggesting rapid lithification and recrystallization during early diagenesis and prior to substantial burial and intensive flushing by meteoric waters. Most of the original microstructure of corals were leached and destructed. This is indicated by the higher depletion in sr and Ca levels and increase in Mg,Na, Fe, and Mn levels, especially in section D1, in comparison with the worldwide carbonates.

关键词： Raghama Formation Miocene Diagenesis Geochemistry saudi Arabia

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A Comprehensive Review on Charging Topologies and Power Electronic Converter solutions for Electric Vehicles

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelfatah Ali hossam h.h.Mousa Mostafa F.shaaban Maher A.Azzouz Ahmed s.A.Awad the Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah the Department of Electrical Engineering South Valley University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor Electrical Engineering Department Qatar University the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos University

Electric vehicles(EVs) are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns, fuel security, and price volatility. The performance of EVs relies on the energy stored in their batteries, which can be charged using either AC(slow) or DC(fast) chargers. Additionally, EVs can also be used as mobile power storage devices using vehicle-to-grid(V2G) technology. Power electronic converters(PECs) have a constructive role in EV applications, both in charging EVs and in V2G. hence, this paper comprehensively investigates the state of the art of EV charging topologies and PEC solutions for EV applications. It examines PECs from the point of view of their classifications, configurations, control approaches, and future research prospects and their impacts on power quality. These can be classified into various topologies: DC-DC converters, AC-DC converters, DC-AC converters, and AC-AC converters. To address the limitations of traditional DC-DC converters such as switching losses, size, and high-electromagnetic interference(EMI), resonant converters and multiport converters are being used in high-voltage EV applications. Additionally, power-train converters have been modified for high-efficiency and reliability in EV applications. This paper offers an overview of charging topologies, PECs, challenges with solutions, and future trends in the field of the EV charging station applications.

关键词： Topology DC-DC power converters Vehicle-to-grid Electric vehicle charging Batteries Transportation Electromagnetic interference

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superplasticity of fine-grained Mg-10Li alloy prepared by severe plastic deformation and understanding its deformation mechanisms

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 316-331页

作者： h.T.Jeong s.W.Lee W.J.Kim Department of Materials science and Engineering Hongik UniversityMapo-guSangsu-dong 72-1Seoul 121-791Republic of Korea

The superplastic behavior and associated deformation mechanisms of a fine-grained Mg-10.1 Li-0.8Al-0.6Zn alloy(LAZ1011)with a grain size of 3.2μm,primarily composed of the BCCβphase and a small amount of the hCPαphase,were examined in a temperature range of 473 K to 623 K.The microstructural refinement of this alloy was achieved by employing high-ratio differential speed rolling.The best superplasticity was achieved at 523 K and at strain rates of 10^(-4)-5×10^(-4)s^(-1),where tensile elongations of 550±600%were obtained.During the heating and holding stage of the tensile samples prior to tensile loading,a significant increase in grain size was observed at temperatures above 573 K.Therefore,it was important to consider this effect when analyzing and understanding the superplastic deformation behavior and mechanisms.In the investigated strain rate range,the superplastic flow at low strain rates was governed by lattice diffusion-controlled grain boundary sliding,while at high strain rates,lattice diffusion-controlled dislocation climb creep was the rate-controlling deformation mechanism.It was concluded that solute drag creep is unlikely to occur.During the late stages of deformation at 523 K,it was observed that grain boundary sliding led to the agglomeration of theαphase,resulting in significant strain hardening.Deformation mechanism maps were constructed forβ-Mg-Li alloys in the form of 2D and 3D formats as a function of strain rate,stress,temperature,and grain size,using the constitutive equations for various deformation mechanisms derived based on the data of the current tests.

关键词： Magnesium-lithium alloy superplasticity severe plastic deformation Grain size Grain growth

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A healable, mechanically robust and ultrastretchable ionic conductive elastomer for durably wearable sensor

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3369-3378页

作者： Guoxian Zhang Chunmei Li JiaoJun tan Mingqi Wang Yafeng Ren Feijie Ge Qiuyu Zhang Key Laboratory of special Functional and smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering EducationShaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710021China

The ionic conductive elastomers show great promise in multifunctional wearable electronics,but they currently suffer from liquid leakage/evaporation or mechanical compliance.Developing ionic conductive elastomers integrating non-volatility,mechanical robustness,superior ionic conductivity,and ultra-stretchability remains urgent and challenging.here,we developed a healable,robust,and conductive elastomer via impregnating free ionic liquids(ILs)into the ILs-multigrafted poly(urethane-urea)(PUU)elastomer networks.A crucial strategy in the molecular design is that imidazolium cations are largely introduced by double-modification of PUU and centipede-like structures are obtained,which can lock the impregnated ILs through strong ionic interactions.In this system,the PUU matrix contributes outstanding mechanical properties,while the hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions endow the elastomer with self-healing ability,conductivity,as well as non-volatility and transparency.The fabricated ionic conductive elastomers show good conductivity(3.8×10^(-6) s·cm^(-1)),high mechanical properties,including tensile stress(4.64 MPa),elongation(1470%),and excellent healing ability(repairing efficiency of 90%after healing at room temperature for 12 h).significantly,the conductive elastomers have excellent antifatigue properties,and demonstrate a highly reproducible response after 1000 uninterrupted extension-release cycles.This work provides a promising strategy to prepare ionic conductive elastomers with excellent mechanical properties and stable sensing capacity,and further promote the development of mechanically adaptable intelligent sensors.

关键词： ionic conductive elastomers poly(urethane-urea)(PUU) ionic interactions centipede-like self-healing

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Multiple scales method for analyzing a forced damped rotational pendulum oscillatorwithgallows

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期76卷 58-67页

作者： haifa A Alyousef Alvaro h salas B M Alotaibi s A El-tantawy Department of Physics College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and statistics Universidad Nacional de ColombiaFIZMAKO Research GroupColombia Department of Physics Faculty of SciencePort Said UniversityPort Said 42521Egypt Research Center for Physics(RCP) Department of PhysicsFaculty of Science and ArtsAl-MikhwahAl-Baha UniversityAl-Baha 1988Saudi Arabia

This study reports the analytical solution for a generalized rotational pendulum system with gallows and periodic excited forces.The multiple scales method(MsM)is applied to solve the proposed problem.several types of rotational pendulum oscillators are studied and talked about in detail.These include the forced damped rotating pendulum oscillator with gallows,the damped standard simple pendulum oscillator,and the damped rotating pendulum oscillator without gallows.The MsM first-order approximations for all the cases mentioned are derived in detail.The obtained results are illustrated with concrete numerical examples.The first-order MsM approximations are compared to the fourth-order Runge-Kutta(RK4)numerical approximations.Additionally,the maximum error is estimated for the first-order approximations obtained through the MsM,compared to the numerical approximations obtained by the RK4 method.Furthermore,we conducted a comparative analysis of the outcomes obtained by the used method(MsM)and he-MsM to ascertain their respective levels of precision.The proposed method can be applied to analyze many strong nonlinear oscillatory equations.

关键词： rotational pendulum system multiple scales method approximate solution damped oscillations forced pendulum with gallows he-multiple scales method

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