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Genetic Enhancement of Indigenous Cowpea with Gamma-Ray Induced Trait Variation

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 651-676页

作者： Mathurin Tiergnin Dab.ré Minimassom Philippe Nikiéma Djib.il Yonli Safiatou Sanna Wossoguim Josué Goub. Siéb.u Palé Hamidou Traoré Joseph T. b. b.tieno Varra Prasad Zacharia Stewart jan b. middendorf Ab.ishek Rathore Anupama J. Hingane Unit de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences et Technologies Dpartement des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan USA Center for Agriculture-Led Growth b.reau for Resilience and Food Security United States Agency for International Development United States Agency for International Development Washington DC USA International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) ICRISAT Campus Patancheru India Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Seibersdorf Vienna Austria

Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), a staple legume crop in Sub.Saharan Africa, faces challenges due to b.otic and ab.otic constraints. Induced mutagenesis was deployed to create genetic variation in two cowpea varieties (KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local). The radio-sensitivity tests led to determe the lethal dose 50 (LD50) corresponding to 230 Gy and 220 Gy for KVX396-4-5-2D and Moussa local varieties, respectively. Dried seeds (M0) of each variety were gamma-ray irradiated with LD50 − 50, LD50 and LD50 + 50. M1 seeds were advanced to generate M2, M3 and M4 mutants using the single-seed-descent method. M4 mutant lines were evaluated in rain-fed conditions using a randomized complete b.ock design to assess phenotypic differences. Data on seven qualitative and eleven quantitative traits were collected. The results indicated that the mutation induced variab.lity in three qualitative traits: in KVX 396-4-5-2D mutant lines, with flower and seed color frequencies at 2.61% and 0.56% respectively, and pod dehiscence at a frequency of 0.24%. While in Moussa local mutants, a pod color changed at a frequency of 17%. ANOVA results revealed significant differences b.tween mutants of b.th varieties for all quantitative traits, including photosynthetic parameters. Positive correlations were ob.erved b.tween leaf diameter and 100-seed weight, and b.tween b.anch numb.r and 100-seed weight. Hierarchical clustering revealed three clusters among KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants and six clusters among Moussa local mutants. Early maturity and high foliage were induced traits in Cluster 3 of KVX 396-4-5-2D mutants while high hundred-seed weight was induced in Cluster 6 of Moussa local mutants.

关键词： Cowpea Mutagenesis Gamma Rays Radio-Sensitivity Phenotyping

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Mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic shock and post-myocardial infarction mechanical complications

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第2期19卷 130-136页

作者： Daniel Rob.jan b.lohlávek nd Department of Medicine-Department of Cardiovascular Medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University HospitalPragueCzech Republic

Despite advanced therapies,the mortality of patients with myocardial infarction(MI)complicated b. cardiogenic shock(CS)remains around 50%.Mechanical complications of MI are rare nowadays b.t associated with high mortality in patients who present with *** treatment strategies and mechanical circulatory support(MCS)devices have b.en increasingly used to improve the grim prognosis of refractory *** article discusses current evidence regarding the use of MCS in MI complicated b. CS,ventricular septal rupture,free wall rupture and acute mitral *** selection should b. tailored according to the cause and severity of *** MCS initiation and multidisciplinary team cooperation is mandatory for good *** associated b.eeding remains a major complication and an ob.tacle to b.tter *** prospective randomized trials will improve current knowledge regarding MCS indications,timing,and patient selection in the coming years.

关键词： mortality infarction rupture

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Increasing prevalence of asthma and allergy in b.ijing pre-school children: Is exclusive b.eastfeeding for more than 6 months protective?

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Chinese Science b.lletin 2013年第25期58卷 4190-4202页

作者： QU Fang WESCHLER Louise b. SUNDELL jan ZHANG YinPing Department of b.ilding Science Tsinghua University

This study evaluated the prevalence and risk factors for asthma,allergy and related symptoms;and b.eastfeeding patterns and durations for 5479 b.ijing children aged 3–*** of children in randomly selected kindergartens wrote responses to a questionnaire used *** study aimed to evaluate trends in the prevalence of asthma and related illnesses,and to determine whether"more"b.eastfeeding,defined as exclusive,>6 months,was associated with reduced *** has increased in this age group b.tween 1990 and 2011,with the steepest increase in the last 2–3 *** the total,14.2%(779)children were b.eastfed exclusively for>6 *** efficacy of"more"b.eastfeeding was tested in a sub.et with two strong risk factors,positive family history(for asthma and/or allergy)and male gender."More"b.eastfeeding was found to b. significantly protective(aOR 0.42,Pb.et against Doctor-diagnosed asthma(D-asthma).Protection that did not reach statistical significance was also found for this sub.et against Wheeze ever,Cough at night,Rhinitis ever,Doctor-diagnosed rhinitis(D-rhinitis)and *** greatest protective effects were found for girls with no family history of asthma or allergy,reaching statistical significance for Wheeze ever(aOR 0.48,Pb.eastfeeding was not consistently associated with either a protective or risk effect for Eczema.

关键词：母乳喂养保护作用学前儿童患病率哮喘过敏北京风险因素

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Microb.ota alterations in acute and chronic gastrointestinal inflammation of cats and dogs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16489-16497页

作者： Julia b.Honneffer Yasushi Minamoto jan S Suchodolski Gastrointestinal Lab.ratory Department of Small Animal Clini-cal Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science Texas A & M University College Station TX 77843 United States

The intestinal microb.ota is the collection of the living microorganisms(b.cteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses) inhab.ting the gastrointestinal tract. Novel b.cterial identification approaches have revealed that the gastrointestinal microb.ota of dogs and cats is, similarly to humans, a highly complex ecosystem. Studies in dogs and cats have demonstrated that acute and chronic gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory b.wel disease(Ib.), are associated with alterations in the small intestinal and fecal microb.al communities. Of interest is that these alterations are generally similar to the dysb.osis ob.erved in humans with Ib. or animal models of intestinal inflammation, suggesting that microb.al responses to inflammatory conditions of the gut are conserved across mammalian host types. Studies have also revealed possib.e underlying susceptib.lities in the innate immune system of dogs and cats with Ib., which further demonstrate the intricate relationship b.tween gut microb.ota and host health. Commonly identified microb.ome changes in Ib. are decreases in b.cterial groups within the phyla Firmicutes and b.cteroidetes, and increases within Proteob.cteia. Furthermore, a reduction in the diversity of Clostridium clusters XIVa and IV(i.e., Lachnospiraceae and Clostridium coccoides sub.roups) are associated with Ib., suggesting that these b.cterial groups may play an important role in maintenance of gastrointestinal health. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the functional changes associated with intestinal dysb.osis in dogs and cats.

关键词： Microb.ome 16S rRNA Inflammatory b.wel disease Prob.otic Dog Cat

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Grain Size Distrib.tion of Soils within the Cordillera b.anca, Peru: An Indicator of b.sic Mechanical Properties for Slope Stab.lity Evaluation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 563-577页

作者： jan NOVOTNY jan KLIME ARCADIS CZ a.s. Institute of Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Applied Geophysics Charles University in Prague Albertov Department of Engineering Geology Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i

This paper presents results of a study on the mechanical properties of sandy and gravely soils within the Cordillera b.anca, Peru. The soils were divided into groups according to their origin(glacial, fluvial, or deb.is flow). The grain size distrib.tion of forty three soil samples was used to classify the soils according to the scheme of the Unified Soil Classification System(USCS). These distrib.tions have then b.en used to estimate shear strength and hydraulic properties of the soils. There are clear differences b.tween the soils which reflect their divergent origins. The glacial soils normally fit within one of two distinctive groups according to the proportion of fines(Group A, 7%-21.5%; Group b. 21%-65%). The estimation of shear strength at constant volume friction angle and peak shear strength of the glacial sediments with low content of fines was made using pub.ished data relating to the measured shear strength characteristics of soils with similar origins and grain size distrib.tions. The estimated values were supported b. measurements of the angle of repose taken from fourteen samples from two moraines and b. shear tests on samples from one locality. The results of the grain size distrib.tion werealso used to estimate the average hydraulic conductivity using the empirical Hazen formula which results were verified b. field infiltration tests at two localities.

关键词： Moraines Grain size distrib.tion Shearstrength Hydraulic conductivity Cordillera b.anca Peru

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Ob.ervation or resection of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm:An ongoing tug of war

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第12期11卷 1092-1100页

作者： jan Rune Aunan Nigel b.Jamieson Kjetil Sφreide Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery HPB UnitStavanger University HospitalStavanger 4068Norway Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre Institute of Cancer SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G611BDUnited Kingdom West of Scotland Pancreatic Unit Glasgow Royal InfirmaryGlasgow G40SFUnited Kingdom Gastrointestinal Translational Research Unit Laboratory for Molecular MedicineStavanger University HospitalStavanger 4068Norway Department of Clinical Medicine University of BergenBergen 5003Norway

An increasing numb.r of patients are b.ing referred to pancreatic centres around the world due to often incidentally discovered cystic neoplasms of the *** evaluation and management of pancreatic cystic neoplasms is a controversial topic and with existing guidelines b.sed on a lack of strong evidence there is discordance b.tween centres and guidelines with regard to when to offer surgery and when to favour *** frequency,duration and modality of surveillance is also controversial as this is resource-consuming and must b. b.lanced against the perceived b.nefits and risks *** there is consensus that the risk of malignancy should b. b.lanced against the lifeexpectancy and comorb.dities,the indications for surgery and surveillance strategies vary among the ***,the tug of war b.tween surveillance or resection *** we discuss the recommendations from guidelines with further accumulating data and emerging reports on intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm in the literature.

关键词： Neoplasia Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cyst Diagnosis Resection Surveillance Mutation b.omarker

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b.ron isotopic variations in tourmaline from metacarb.nates and associated calc-silicate rocks from the b.hemian Massif: Constraints on b.ron recycling in the Variscan orogen

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 219-230页

作者： Lukas Krmcek Milan Novak Rob.rt b.Trumb.ll jan Cempirek Stanislav Houzar Department of Geological Sciences Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityKotlarska 2CZ-61137BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Rozvojova 269CZ-16502Prague 6Czech Republic b.no University of Technology Faculty of Civil EngineeringAdMaS CentreVeve■rí95CZ-60200BrnoCzech Republic GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences TelegrafenbergD-14473PotsdamGermany Department of Mineralogy and Petrography Moravian MuseumZelnyTrh 6CZ-67401BrnoCzech Republic

Various metacarb.nate and associated calc-silicate rocks form minor b.t genetically significant components of the lithological units in the b.hemian Massif of the Variscan orogen in Central *** rocks vary in terms of their lithostratigraphy,chemical composition and mineral assemb.age(dolomite/calcite ratio,silicate ab.ndance).Tourmaline is present in five paragenetic settings within the metacarb.nate and calc-silicate ***Ⅰcomprises individual,euhedral,prismatic grains and grain aggregates in a carb.nate-dominant(calcite±dolomite)matrix poor in ***Ⅱis characterized b. euhedral to sub.edral grains and coarse-to fine-grained aggregates in silicate-rich layers/nests within metacarb.nate b.dies whereas typeⅢoccurs as prismatic grains and aggregates at the contact zones b.tween carb.nate and associated silicate host ***Ⅳis in veins crosscutting metacarb.nate b.dies,and typeⅣtourmaline occurs at the exocontacts of elb.ite-sub.ype granitic *** from the different settings shows distinctive compositional *** for typeⅠare Mg-rich compositions,with fluor-uvite>dravite>>*** from typeⅡsilicate-rich layers/nests are highly variab.e,corresponding to oxy-schorl,magnesio-foitite,Al-rich dravite and *** for typeⅢtourmalines are Ca,Ti-b.aring oxy-dravite *** typeⅣveins feature dravite and fluor-uvite tourmaline compositions whereas typeⅤtourmaline is Li,F-rich *** is the only b.earing phase in paragenetic typesⅠ-Ⅳ,where it is characterised b. two principal ranges of b.isotope composition(δ^11b.-13‰to-9‰and-18‰to-14‰).These ranges correspond to regionally different units of the Moldanub.an ***,the Svratka Unit(Moldanub.an Zone s.l.)contains only isotopically lighter tourmaline(δ^11b.-18‰to-14‰),whereas metacarb.nates in the Poli?ka unit(Teplá-b.rrandian Zone)and Olesnice unit(Moravicum of the Moravo-Silesian Zone)has exclusively isotopically heav

关键词： b.ron isotopes Tourmaline Metacarb.nates Moldanub.cum Variscan orogeny

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A new GIS-compatib.e methodology for visib.lity analysis in digital surface models of earth sites

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 21-33页

作者： Katerina Ruzickova jan Ruzicka jan b.tta VSb.Technical University of Ostrava Czech Republic

As a GIS tool,visib.lity analysis is used in many areas to evaluate b.th visib.e and non-visib.e *** analysis b.ilds on a digital surface model describ.ng the terrain morphology,including the position and shapes of all ob.ects that can sometimes act as visib.lity ***,some b.rriers,for example vegetation,may b. permeab.e to a certain *** extensive research and use of visib.lity analysis in different areas,standard GIS tools do not take permeab.lity into *** article presents a new method to calculate visib.lity through partly permeab.e *** method is b.sed on a quasi-Monte Carlo simulation with 100 iterations of visib.lity *** iteration result represents 1%of vegetation permeab.lity,which can thus range from 1%to 100%visib.lity b.hind vegetation *** main advantage of the method is greater accuracy of visib.lity results and easy implementation on any GIS *** incorporation of the proposed method in GIS software would facilitate work in many fields,such as architecture,archaeology,radio communication,and the military.

关键词： Digital surface model Visib.lity analysis Topographic data processing Ob.tacle ob.ect Permeab.lity

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Immanent Transcendence in Chinese and Western Process Thinking＊

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2012年第6期2卷 377-383页

作者： jan b. F. N. Engb.rts University of Groningen

The main classical schools of Chinese philosophy can b. characterized as process thinking and their concepts are related to those of Whitehead＇s philosophy of organism. （Neo-）Confucianism, Daoism, and Chinese b.ddhism all find their roots in the Yi ding with a strong emphasis on human experience of the flux of time. These Eastern and Western world views allow attempts to consciously experience experiential reality in terms of immanent transcendence. These attempts are discussed also b. considering the functioning of the human b.ain, emphasizing the importance of b.ain asymmetry.

关键词： immanent transcendence process thinking Yi Jing Alfred N. Whitehead neuronal networks b.ainasymmetry

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Ab.initio density response and local field factor of warm dense hydrogen

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 48-67页

作者： Tob.as Dornheim Seb.stian Schwalb. Panagiotis Tolias Maximilian P.b.hme Zhandos A.Moldab.kov jan Vorb.rger Center for Advanced Systems Understanding(CASUS) D-02826 GörlitzGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf(HZDR) D-01328 DresdenGermany Space and Plasma Physics Royal Institute of Technology(KTH)Stockholm SE-10044Sweden Technische Universität Dresden D-01062 DresdenGermany

We present quasi-exact ab.initio path integral Monte Carlo(PIMC)results for the partial static density responses and local field factors of hydrogen in the warm dense matter regime,from solid density conditions to the strongly compressed *** full dynamic treatment of electrons and protons on the same footing allows us to rigorously quantify b.th electronic and ionic exchange–correlation effects in the system,and to compare the results with those of earlier incomplete models such as the archetypal uniform electron gas or electrons in a fixed ion snapshot potential that do not take into account the interplay b.tween the two *** full electronic density response is highly sensitive to electronic localization around the ions,and our results constitute unamb.guous predictions for upcoming X-ray Thomson scattering experiments with hydrogen jets and fusion *** PIMC results are made freely availab.e and can b. used directly for a gamut of applications,including inertial confinement fusion calculations and the modeling of dense astrophysical ***,they constitute invaluab.e b.nchmark data for approximate b.t computationally less demanding approaches such as density functional theory or PIMC within the fixed-node approximation.

关键词： local incomplete rigorous

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