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降压治疗与脑卒中二级预防:脑卒中后降压治疗研究

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中华高血压杂志 2010年第4期18卷 329-334页

作者：王增武刘力生龚兰生张宇清 Lutgarde Thijs jan a.staessen 王继光中国医学科学院北京协和医学院阜外心血管病医院北京100037 上海交通大学医学院上海瑞金医院高血压研究所上海200025 the Studies Coordinating Centre Division of Hypertension and Cardiovascular RehabilitationDepartment of Cardiovascular DiseasesUniversity of Leuven

目的评价对于中国患者脑血管病后降压治疗是否可以预防脑卒中再发。方法采取双盲、安慰剂对照的试验方法,将患者随机分入对照组(n=2825)和干预组(吲达帕胺2.5 mg/d,n=2840)。一级终点事件为致死或非致死性再发脑卒中,二级终点事件为主... 详细信息

目的评价对于中国患者脑血管病后降压治疗是否可以预防脑卒中再发。方法采取双盲、安慰剂对照的试验方法,将患者随机分入对照组(n=2825)和干预组(吲达帕胺2.5 mg/d,n=2840)。一级终点事件为致死或非致死性再发脑卒中,二级终点事件为主要的致死或非致死心血管病事件。结果平均收缩压和舒张压分别为153.8和92.8 mm Hg。在随访中期(第2年),干预组收缩压/舒张压较对照组平均下降了6.8/3.3 mm Hg。干预组总共有159例再发脑卒中,对照组为219例(干预组HR=0.70;95%CI0.57～0.86;P<0.01)。干预组有199例发生心血管病事件,对照组为258例(HR=0.74;95%CI0.62～0.89;P=0.002)。结论吲达帕胺降压治疗可以降低中国人脑血管病患者再发脑卒中和心血管病事件。

关键词：降压治疗血压脑卒中二级预防

大脑中动脉血流模式与体循环动脉僵硬指数的关系

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中华高血压杂志 2012年第5期20卷 498-498页

作者： XU Ting-Yan jan a.staessen WEI Fang-fei XU Jie LI Fa-hong FAN Wang-xiang GAO Ping-jin WANG Ji-guang LI Yan 罗冬梅叶鹏

大脑在整个收缩期和舒张期均受高血流量灌注。该研究探讨大脑中动脉（middlecerebralartery，MCA）血流与体循环血压波动成分和动脉僵硬指数的关系。方法：选取上海瑞金医院未经治疗的高血压患者334例，平均年龄50．9岁，女性占45．4％... 详细信息

大脑在整个收缩期和舒张期均受高血流量灌注。该研究探讨大脑中动脉（middlecerebralartery，MCA）血流与体循环血压波动成分和动脉僵硬指数的关系。方法：选取上海瑞金医院未经治疗的高血压患者334例，平均年龄50．9岁，女性占45．4％，行动态血压监测，用经颅多普勒超声测量MCA的脉动指数。

关键词：大脑中动脉僵硬指数血流模式体循环上海瑞金医院动态血压监测高血压患者经颅多普勒

Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

The role of zonal flows in reactive fluid closures

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第7期20卷 41-49页

作者： jan weiland Chalmers University of Technology and EURATOM-VR Association SE-41296 GothenburgSweden

We will give an overview of results obtained by our reactive fluid model. It is characterised as a fluid model where all moments with sources in the experiment are kept. Furthermore, full account is taken for the highest moments appearing in unexpanded denominators also including full toroidicity. It has been demonstrated that the strength of zonal flows is dramatically larger in reactive fluid closures than in those which involve dissipation. This gives a direct connection between the fluid closure and the level of excitation of turbulence. This is because zonal flows are needed to absorb the inverse cascade in quasi 2D turbulence. This also explains the similarity in structure of the transport coefficients in our model with a reactive closure in the energy equation and models which have a reactive closure because of zero ion temperature such as the Hasegawa-Wakatani model. Our exact reactive closure unifies several well-known features of tokamak experiments such as the L-H transition, internal transport barriers and the nonlinear Dimits upshift of the critical gradient for onset of transport. It also gives transport of the same level as that in nonlinear gyrokinetic codes. Since these include the kinetic resonance this confirms the validity of the thermodynamic properties of our model. Furthermore, we can show that while a strongly nonlinear model is needed in kinetic theory a quasilinear model is sufficient in the fluid description. Thus our quasilinear fluid model will be adequate for treating all relevant problems in bulk transport. This is finally confirmed by the reproduction by the model of the experimental power scaling of the confinement time Te ~ P-2/3. This confirms the validity of our reactive fluid model. This also gives credibility to our ITER simulations including the H-mode barrier. A new result is here, that alpha heating strongly reduces the slope of the H-mode barrier. This should significantly reduce the effects of ELM＇s.

关键词： turbulent transport improved mixing length estimates zonal flows toroidicity

Comparative study of electrostatic sensors with circular and probe electrodes for velocity measurement of pulverised coal

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仪器仪表学报 2007年第11期28卷 1921-1926页

作者： Krabicka jan Department of Electronics University of Kent

This paper presents recent progress on the velocity measurement of pulverised coal in pneumatic pipelines using electrostatic sensors in combination with correlation signal processing techniques.A comparative study of electrostatic sensors with circular and probe electrodes was conducted on a 94 mm bore horizontal pipeline in a 4 MW *** advantages and limitations of both sensors are *** results demonstrate that both sensors are capable of providing pulverised coal velocity measurement with excellent repeatability and dynamic response.

关键词：电话无线电电子仪器技术性能

Grain Size Distribution of Soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru: An Indicator of Basic Mechanical Properties for Slope Stability Evaluation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 563-577页

作者： jan NOVOTNY jan KLIME ARCADIS CZ a.s. Institute of Hydrogeology Engineering Geology and Applied Geophysics Charles University in Prague Albertov Department of Engineering Geology Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i

This paper presents results of a study on the mechanical properties of sandy and gravely soils within the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. The soils were divided into groups according to their origin(glacial, fluvial, or debris flow). The grain size distribution of forty three soil samples was used to classify the soils according to the scheme of the Unified Soil Classification System(USCS). These distributions have then been used to estimate shear strength and hydraulic properties of the soils. There are clear differences between the soils which reflect their divergent origins. The glacial soils normally fit within one of two distinctive groups according to the proportion of fines(Group A, 7%-21.5%; Group B, 21%-65%). The estimation of shear strength at constant volume friction angle and peak shear strength of the glacial sediments with low content of fines was made using published data relating to the measured shear strength characteristics of soils with similar origins and grain size distributions. The estimated values were supported by measurements of the angle of repose taken from fourteen samples from two moraines and by shear tests on samples from one locality. The results of the grain size distribution werealso used to estimate the average hydraulic conductivity using the empirical Hazen formula which results were verified by field infiltration tests at two localities.

关键词： Moraines Grain size distribution Shearstrength Hydraulic conductivity Cordillera Blanca Peru

A new GIS-compatible methodology for visibility analysis in digital surface models of earth sites

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第4期12卷 21-33页

作者： Katerina Ruzickova jan Ruzicka jan Bitta VSB–Technical University of Ostrava Czech Republic

As a GIS tool,visibility analysis is used in many areas to evaluate both visible and non-visible *** analysis builds on a digital surface model describing the terrain morphology,including the position and shapes of all objects that can sometimes act as visibility ***,some barriers,for example vegetation,may be permeable to a certain *** extensive research and use of visibility analysis in different areas,standard GIS tools do not take permeability into *** article presents a new method to calculate visibility through partly permeable *** method is based on a quasi-Monte Carlo simulation with 100 iterations of visibility *** iteration result represents 1%of vegetation permeability,which can thus range from 1%to 100%visibility behind vegetation *** main advantage of the method is greater accuracy of visibility results and easy implementation on any GIS *** incorporation of the proposed method in GIS software would facilitate work in many fields,such as architecture,archaeology,radio communication,and the military.

关键词： Digital surface model Visibility analysis Topographic data processing Obstacle object Permeability

The effect of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on Fusarium poae transmission and fungal community in stored barley in a laboratory experiment

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 65-73页

作者： jan Hubert Marta Nesvorna jan Kopecky Crop Research Institute Praha 6 Czech Repubfic

The effect of Tyrophagus putrescentiae on Fusarium poae transmission and fungal community composition was studied in nonsterile barley grain. The experiments included following treatments： control barley without mites; barley containing l0 or 50 mites without preincubation on E poae （Tpl0 and TpS0）; barley containing 10 or 50 mites after preincubation on E poae （FTp 10 and FTp50）. The number of mites, suc cessful transfer of E poae, and changes in the fungal communities were examined after 21 d of experiment. Increase of deoxynivalenol （DON） content in the barley was chosen as a criterion of successful Epoae transfer. The preincubation of T. putrescentiae on Epoae increased DON level approximately to 800 and 300μg/kg of grain for FTpl0 and FTpS0, respectively. T. putrescentiae population growth in FTpl0 was lower than in Tpl0, while no difference was found between FTp50 and Tp50. Fungal communities were compared by amplification, cloning and sequencing of ITS fragments, and operational taxonomic units （OTU） analysis. The OTU analysis did not support the transfer ofF. poae via mites. From the analyzed clones, only 13 cloned sequences clustered with E poae in an OTU defined at distance level 0.07. The related clones originated from FTpl0, Tpl 0, Tp50 and control treatments, but not from FTp50. However, the presence of E poae in FTp50 was confirmed by PCR amplification with specific primers. The observation may be explained by different effect of mite population density, that is, in the high density, （FTp50 treatment） the fungus was overgrazed, while the lower population density （FTp 10） supported E poae transfer.

关键词： barley deoxinivalenol (DON) Fusariumpoae mites mycotoxin storage

Stability Problems in Road and Pipeline Constructions and Their Mitigation——Examples from Sakhalin and Azerbaijan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第2期8卷 307-313页

作者： NOVOTNY jan ARCADIS Geotechnika a.s. Charles University in Prague Faculty of Natural Science

The paper gives two examples of larger construction projects with typical stability problems. The first example is from Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East. It is connected with a construction of oil and gas pipelines through the mountainous terrain in Makarov region. The region has an active geotectonic history and is highly affected by uncontrolled erosion and extensive landslips. Basic principles of landslide hazard mitigation are presented. The second example is from a motorway construction in Azerbaijan. This motorway leads from Baku to Russia through a seismo-tectonically active area at the toe of Caucasian mountains and in some places is situated in deep cuts at the toe of high slopes. This unsuitable routing, together with seismic activity, led to a slope stability failure of a slope affected by recent tectonic movements near the village of Devechi. Stability conditions and designed remedy measures are presented.

关键词： Stability problems Roads Pipelines Mitigation Sakhalin Azerbaijan