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Prophylaxis with intraocular pressure lowering medication and glaucomatous progression in patients receiving intravitreal anti-VeGF therapy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2022年第10期15卷 1611-1618页

作者： Jeanette Du james T Patrie Xiao-Yu Cai Bruce e Prum Yevgeniy Shildkrot New York eye and ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai 310 East 14 StreetNew YorkNY 10003USA Department of Public Health Sciences University of VirginiaP.0.Box 800717CharlottesvilleVirginia 22908USA Department of Ophthalmology University of Virginia School of Medicine1300 Jefferson Park AveCharlottesvilleVirginia 22908USA

AIM: To investigate whether pretreatment with pressurelowering medication prior to anti-vascular endothelial factor(VeGF) injections had an effect on glaucomatous progression in patients with preexisting glaucoma or ocular hypertension(OHT).MeTHODS: A total of 66 eyes from 54 patients with a preexisting diagnosis of glaucoma or OHT, treated with six or more anti-VeGF injections were selected for chart review. Primary outcome measures were rate of visual field loss in d B/year, rate of change in retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness in microns/year, and need for additional glaucoma ***: The number of eyes requiring additional glaucoma medication was 5 of 20(25.0%) and 14 of 46(30.4%) for the pretreated and non-pretreated groups, respectively. The number of eyes requiring glaucoma laser or surgery was 4 of 20(20.0%) and 13 of 46(28.3%) for the pretreated and non-pretreated groups, respectively. estimated mean rate of pattern standard deviation decline was not significant in either group(P>0.073), with no difference between groups(P=0.332). Although both groups showed significant RNFL change from baseline(Perence was detected between groups(P=0.467).CONCLUSION: Pretreatment has no detectable effect on structural or functional glaucomatous progression. Patients receiving repeated injections may be at risk for glaucomatous complications requiring invasive intervention.

关键词： anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy pretreatment glaucomatous progression

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The Health Benefits of a Pedometer-Based 100,000 Steps/Week Physical Activity Program

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Journal of Science in Sport and exercise 2019年第2期1卷 176-183页

作者： earlene Masi james e.Peterman Leonard A.Kaminsky Department of Kinesiology Kardatzke Wellness CenterAnderson UniversityAndersonIN 46012USA Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being Health and Physical Activity BuildingRoom 302Ball State UniversityMuncieIN 47306USA

Purpose Pedometers can be an effective tool to increase step counts in a physically inactive *** a more active population,pedometers may also be useful for further increasing physical activity and improving cardiovascular disease risk *** purpose was to assess the adherence and determine the health impact of a 100,000 steps/week(14,286 steps/day)goal in a somewhat-active(7500-9999 steps/day)to active(10,000-12,500 steps/day)*** Thirty-two apparently healthy subjects,13 males(age 44±14 years)and 19 females(age 39±13 years)who had a baseline activity level between 7500 and 12,500 steps/day,were *** were assessed prior to and 16 weeks after completing a 100,000 steps/week ***-and post-assessments of health included body composition,rest-ing blood pressure,blood lipid profile,fasting blood glucose,and a 3-min walk test to estimate cardiorespiratory *** Fifty-three percent of participants adhered(≥90,000 steps/week)to the 100,000 steps/week physical activity program yet all participants increased their stepping by 23,303±11,480 steps/*** increased stepping,significant improvements in body composition were *** included reduced body mass index(pre:27.2±3.6 kg/m^(2);post:26.9±3.6 kg/m^(2);P=0.026),reduced total percent body fat(pre:35.7±9.9%;post:34.3±10.4%;Peduced waist circumference(pre:83.8±10.2 cm;post:81.5±10.0 cm;P=0.001).An unexpected increase was observed for low density lipoprotein cholesterol(pre:109.7±22.7 mg/dL;post:117.6±20.4 mg/dL;Pere previously somewhat-active or active can gain additional health benefits,particularly improvements in body composition,by increasing to 100,000 steps/week with the use of a pedometer.

关键词： Physical activity Pedometer Body composition Adherence Dose-response

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Understanding the sources and composition of the incremental excess of fine particles across multiple sampling locations in one air shed

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 818-826页

作者： Jerome e.McGinnis Jongbae Heo Michael R.Olson Andrew P.Rutter james J.Schauer University of Wisconsin-Madison Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene

Well-designed health studies and the development of effective regulatory policies need to rely on an understanding of the incremental differences in particulate matter concentrations and their sources. Although only a limited number of studies have been conducted to examine spatial differences in sources to particulate matter within an air shed, routine monitoring data can be used to better understand these differences. Measurements from the US ePA Chemical Speciation Network （CSN） collected between 2002-2008 were analyzed to demonstrate the utility of regulatory data across three sites located within 100 km of each other. Trends in concentrations, source contribution, and incremental excesses across three sites were investigated using the Positive Matrix Factorization model. Similar yearly trends in chemical composition were observed across all sites, however, excesses of organic matter and elemental carbon were observed in the urban center that originated from local emissions of mobile sources and biomass buming. Secondary sulfate and secondary nitrate constituted over half of the PM2.5 with no spatial differences observed across sites. For these components, the excess of emissions from industrial sources could be directly quantified. This study demonstrates that CSN data from multiple sites can be successfully used to derive consistent source profiles and source contributions for regional pollution, and that CSN data can be used to quantify incremental differences in source contributions of across these sites. The analysis strategy can be used in other regions of the world to take advantage of existing ambient particulate matter monitoring data to better the understanding of spatial differences in source contributions within a given air shed.

关键词： CSN Incremental excess PMFPM2.5

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A post-classical theory of enamel biomineralization… and why we need one

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International Journal of Oral Science 2012年第3期4卷 129-134页

作者： james P Simmer Amelia S Richardson Yuan-Yuan Hu Charles e Smith Jan Ching-Chun Hu Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences School of Dentistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Facility for electron Microscopy Research Department of Anatomy and CellBiology and Faculty ofDentstry McGlIUniversity. Montreal Canada

enamel crystals are unique in shape, orientation and organization. They are hundreds of thousands times longer than they are wide, run parallel to each other, are oriented with respect to the ameloblast membrane at the mineralization front and are organized into rod or interrod enamel. The classical theory of amelogenesis postulates that extracellular matrix proteins shape crystallites by specifically inhibiting ion deposition on the crystal sides, orient them by binding multiple crystallites and establish higher levels of crystal organization. elements of the classical theory are supported in principle by in vitro studies; however, the classical theory does not explain how enamel forms in vivo. In this review, we describe how amelogenesis is highly integrated with ameloblast cell activities and how the shape, orientation and organization of enamel mineral ribbons are established by a mineralization front apparatus along the secretory surface of the ameloblast cell membrane.

关键词： ameloblastin amelogenin enamelin mineralization front tooth

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Supplementation of different fat sources affects growth performance and carcass composition of finishing pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 949-956页

作者： Yanhong Liu Dong Yong Kil Victor G.Perez-Mendoza Minho Song james e.Pettigrew Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology Chung-Ang UniversityAnseongSouth Korea Pancosma QuincyILUSA Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea

Background: There are various fat sources with different energy values and fatty acid compositions that may affect growth performance and carcass composition of grow-finishing pigs. A higher net energy was recently reported in choice white grease compared with soybean oil. Therefore, two experiments were conducted to determine whether practical responses confirm that difference between choice white grease and soybean oil, and to extend the observations to other fat ***: In exp. 1, pigs fed fats had lower(P erage daily feed intake in phase II and overall period,greater(P eed in phase I, phase II, and overall period than pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed fats tended(P = 0.057) to have thicker backfat depth at the last rib than those fed control. Pigs fed 6% fats had greater(P eed in phase II and overall period than pigs fed 3% fats. During phase I, pigs fed choice white grease grew faster(P ed soybean oil. In exp. 2, pigs fed dietary fats(soybean oil, choice white grease, animal-vegetable blend, palm oil, or tallow) had greater(P eed in each phase and overall period, greater(P erage daily gain in phase I, but lower(P erage daily feed intake in phase II an overall than pigs fed the control diets. The choice white grease also increased(P erage daily gain during phase I compared with soybean oil. Pigs fed palm oil had thicker(P epth at the 10 thrib than those fed soybean oil, animal-vegetable blend, or ***: Inclusion of 6% dietary fat improved feed efficiency of finishing pigs, while different fats produced different practical results that may be consistent with their different energy values. Results from the early stage indicate that dietary fats with relatively more saturated fatty acids may provide greater energy than those with relatively more unsaturated fatty acids for growing pigs.

关键词： Carcass composition Dietary fats energy values Finishing pigs Growth performance

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Near-Real-Time Analysis of Publicly Communicated Disaster Response Information

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第3期5卷 165-175页

作者： Trevor Girard Friedemann Wenzel Bijan Khazai Tina Kunz-Plapp james e.Daniell Susan A.Brink Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76187 KarlsruheGermany

Analysis of a disaster event can identify strengths and weaknesses of the response implemented by the disaster management system;however, analysis does not typically occur until after the response phase is *** result is that knowledge gained can only benefit future responses rather than the response under investigation. This article argues that there is an opportunity to conduct analysis while the response is operational due to the increasing availability of information within hours and days of a disaster event. Hence, this article introduces a methodology for analyzing publicly communicated disaster response information in near-real-time. A classification scheme for the disaster information needs of the public has been developed to facilitate analysis and has led to the establishment of best observed practice standards for content and timeliness. By comparing the information shared with the public within days of a disaster to these standards,information gaps are revealed that can be investigated further. The result is identification of potential deficiencies in communicating critical disaster response information to the public at a time when they can still be corrected.

关键词： Disaster response information Forensic disaster analysis Near-real-time analysis Post disaster evaluation

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ON INTeGRATION AND ADAPTATION IN COMPLeX SeRVICe SYSTeMS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2008年第4期17卷 385-415页

作者： james M.TIeN College of engineering University of Miami Coral GablesFloridaUSA

The services sector employs a large and growing proportion of workers in the industrialized nations, and it is increasingly dependent on information and communication technologies. While the interdependences, similarities and complementarities of manufacturing and services are significant, there are considerable differences between goods and services, including the shift in focus from mass production to mass customization （whereby a service is produced and delivered in response to a customer＇s stated or imputed needs）. In general, services can be considered to be knowledge-intensive agents or components which work together as providers and consumers to create or co-produce value. Like manufacturing systems, an efficient service system must be an integrated system of systems, leading to greater connectivity and interdependence. Integration must occur over the physical, temporal, organizational and functional dimensions, and must include methods concerned with the component, the management, and the system. Moreover, an effective service system must also be an adaptable system, leading to greater value and responsiveness. Adaptation must occur over the dimensions of monitoring, feedback, cybernetics and learning, and must include methods concerned with space, time, and system. In sum, service systems are indeed complex, especially due to the uncertainties associated with the human-centered aspects of such systems. Moreover, the system complexities can only be dealt with methods that enhance system integration and adaptation. The paper concludes with several insights, including a plea to shift the current misplaced focus on developing a science or discipline for services to further developing a systems engineering approach to services, an approach based on the integration and adaptation of a host of sciences or disciplines （e.g., physics, mathematics, statistics, psychology, sociology, etc.）. In fact, what is required is a services-related transdisciplinary - beyond a s

关键词： Services service system system components system integration system adaptation system of systems decision informatics real-time decision making

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BIG DATA:UNLeASHING INFORMATION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2013年第2期22卷 127-151页

作者： james M.TIeN College of engineering University of Miami

At present, it is projected that about 4 zettabytes （or 10^＊＊21 bytes） of digital data are being generated per year by everything from underground physics experiments to retail transactions to security cameras to global positioning systems. In the U. S., major research programs are being funded to deal with big data in all five sectors （i.e., services, manufacturing, construction, agriculture and mining） of the economy. Big Data is a term applied to data sets whose size is beyond the ability of available tools to undertake their acquisition, access, analytics and/or application in a reasonable amount of time. Whereas Tien （2003） forewarned about the data rich, information poor （DRIP） problems that have been pervasive since the advent of large-scale data collections or warehouses, the DRIP conundrum has been somewhat mitigated by the Big Data approach which has unleashed information in a manner that can support informed - yet, not necessarily defensible or valid - decisions or choices. Thus, by somewhat overcoming data quality issues with data quantity, data access restrictions with on-demand cloud computing, causative analysis with correlative data analytics, and model-driven with evidence-driven applications, appropriate actions can be undertaken with the obtained information. New acquisition, access, analytics and application technologies are being developed to further Big Data as it is being employed to help resolve the 14 grand challenges （identified by the National Academy of engineering in 2008）, underpin the 10 breakthrough technologies （compiled by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2013） and support the Third Industrial Revolution of mass customization.

关键词： Big data data acquisition data access data analytics data application decision informatics products processes adaptive services digital manufacturing mass customization third industrial revolution

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THe SPUTNIK OF SeRVGOODS： AUTONOMOUS VeHICLeS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2017年第2期26卷 133-162页

作者： james M. Tien College of engineering University of Miami Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA

In an earlier paper （Tien 2015）, the author defmed the concept of a servgood, which can be thought of as a physical good or product enveloped by a services-oriented layer that makes the good smarter or more adaptable and customizable for a particular use. Adding another layer of physical sensors could then enhance its smartness and intelligence, especially if it were to be connected with each other or with other servgoods through the Internet of Things. Such sensed servgoods are becoming the products of the future. Indeed, autonomous vehicles can be considered the exemplar servgoods of the future; it is about decision informatics and embraces the advanced technologies of sensing （i.e., Big Data）, processing （i.e., real-time analytics）, reacting （i.e., real-time decision-making）, and learning （i.e., deep learning）. Since autonomous vehicles constitute a huge quality-of-life disruption, it is also critical to consider its policy impact on privacy and security, regulations and standards, and liability and insurance. Finally, just as the Soviet Union inaugurated the space age on October 4, 1957, with the launch of Sputnik, the first man-made object to orbit the earth, the U. S. has inaugurated an age of automata or autonomous vehicles that can be considered to be the U. S. Sputnik of servgoods, with the full support of the U. S. government, the U. S. auto industry, the U. S. electronic industry, and the U.S. higher educational enterprise.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles goods services servgoods sensors Internet of Things decisioninformatics Big Data real-time analytics cloud computing deep learning privacy security regulations,standards liability insurance Sputnik

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MANUFACTURING AND SeRVICeS:FROM MASS PRODUCTION TO MASS CUSTOMIZATION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems engineering 2011年第2期20卷 129-154页

作者： james M.TIeN College of engineering University of MiamiCoral Gables

Manufacturing and services constitute two of the five sectors of every country＇s economy;depending on the maturity of the economy,they are-in terms of employment-typically the two largest *** outputs or products of an economy can also be divided into goods products（due to manufacturing,construction,agriculture and mining） and services *** date,the goods and services products have,for the most part,been mass produced;it is the premise of this paper that recent technological advances-including flexible manufacturing,cloud computing,nanotechnology and smart sensing-can better enable the transformation from mass production to mass *** regard mass customization as the simultaneous and real time management of supply and demand chains,based on a taxonomy that can be defined in terms of its underpinning component and management *** a components perspective,we first consider the value chain of supplier,manufacturer,assembler,retailer,and customer,and then develop a consistent set of definitions for supply and demand chains based on the location of the customer order penetration *** a management perspective,we classify the methods that are employed in the management of these chains,based on whether supply and/or demand are flexible or ***,our management taxonomy highlights a very critical research area at which both supply and demand are flexible,thus *** management of supply and demand chains sets the stage for mass customization which is concerned with meeting the needs of an individualized customer *** and real time management of supply and demand chains set the stage for real time mass customization（e.g.,wherein a tailor first laser scans an individual＇s upper torso and then delivers a uniquely fitted jacket within a reasonable period,while the individual is waiting）.The benefits of real time mass customization cannot be over-stated as goods and services become indistinguishable

关键词： Value chain supply chain demand chain taxonomy real time management mass production mass customization manufacturing goods services

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