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Resistance to the Whitefly Aleurotrachelus socialis(Hemiptera:Aleyrodidae) and SSR Marker Identification in Advanced Populations of the Hybrid Manihot esculenta *** flabellifolia

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第12期12卷 2217-2228页

作者： Arturo carabalí james Montoya-Lerma Anthony c Belloti Martin Fregene Gerardo Gallego Deparment of Biology Universidad del Valle International center of Tropical Agriculture (cIAT)

Genes resistant to Aleurotrachelus socialis were transferred to the F 1 from the interspecific hybrid wild species of Manihot flabellifolia to *** and two advanced generations of backcrosses（Bc 1 and Bc 2）.We characterized the resistance of *** transferred to Bc 2 parents（cW67-160,cW67-130,cW67-44）,MTAI-8（Bc 1）,resistant（cMB9B-73） and susceptible（cMB9B-104） genotypes from contrasting pools,and resistant（MEcu-72） and susceptible（cMc-40） *** demography and biology were *** molecular markers associated with a phenotypic response of plant resistance were detected in segregating populations（Bc 2）.Results showed that although female survival time was similar on all hosts,the lowest averages of longevity,fecundity and oviposition rate were observed in the resistant control MEcu- 72,only being significantly similar to the parent *** the Bc 1 and Bc 2 populations were compared,it was found that *** fecundity was eight times lower on cMB9B-73 progeny than on cW67-130,expressing the highest levels of resistance to the *** genotypes of cMB9A and cMB9B family had the best segregation.A total of 486 microsatellite primers were evaluated using bulked segregant analysis（BSA）,11 showed polymorphism between the contrasting pools and only one showed significant differences between resistant and susceptible *** conclusion,fecundity was the parameter that impacted most on the intrinsic rate of *** population growth.

关键词： cassava wild parents interspecific hybrids whitefly resistance BSA

Diffusion of lithium ions in Lithium-argyrodite solid-state electrolytes

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npj computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 326-335页

作者： Ardeshir Baktash james c.Reid Tanglaw Roman Debra J.Searles centre for Theoretical and computational Molecular Science Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072 QLDAustralia School of Mathematics and Physics The University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072 QLDAustralia School of Physics The University of SydneyCamperdown 2006 NSWAustralia School of chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072 QLDAustralia

The use of solid-state electrolytes to provide safer,next-generation rechargeable batteries is becoming more feasible as materials with greater stability and higher ionic diffusion coefficients are ***,accurate determination of diffusion coefficients in solids is problematic and reliable calculations are highly sought-after to understand how their structure can be modified to improve their *** this paper we compare diffusion coefficients calculated using nonequilibrium and equilibrium ab initio molecular dynamics simulations for highly diffusive solid-state electrolytes,to demonstrate the accuracy that can be ***,we show that ab initio nonequilibrium molecular dynamics can be used to determine diffusion coefficients when the diffusion is too slow for it to be feasible to obtain them using ab initio equilibrium simulations.

关键词： diffusion nonequilibrium feasible

A High-Throughput Phenotyping Pipeline for Image Processing and Functional Growth curve Analysis

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 188-195页

作者： Ronghao Wang Yumou Qiu Yuzhen Zhou Zhikai Liang james c.Schnable Department of Statistics University of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln 68503USA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmes 50011USA Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA center for Plant Science Innovation Department of Agronomy and HorticultureUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincoln 68503USA

High-throughput phenotyping system has become more and more popular in plant science *** data analysis for such a system typically involves two steps:plant feature extraction through image processing and statistical analysis for the extracted *** current approach is to perform those two steps on different *** develop the package“implant”in R for both robust feature extraction and functional data *** image processing,the“implant”package provides methods including thresholding,hidden Markov random field model,and morphological *** statistical analysis,this package can produce nonparametric curve fitting with its confidence region for plant growth.A functional ANOVA model to test for the treatment and genotype effects on the plant growth dynamics is also provided.

关键词： steps image operations

Development of single-cell-level microfluidic tech no logy for long-term growth visualization of living cultures of Mycobacterium smegmatis

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第3期7卷 63-72页

作者： Han Wang Gloria M.conover Song-I Han james c.Sacchettini Arum Han Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua University100084 BeijingChina Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Electrical and computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Medical Education Health Sciences CenterTexas A&M UniversityBryanTX 77807USA

Analysis of growth and death kinetics at single-cell resolution is a key step in understanding the complexity of the nonreplicating growth phenotype of the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium ***,we developed a single-cell-resolution microfluidic mycobacterial culture device that allows time-lapse microscopy-based Iong-term phenotypic visualization of the live replication dynamics of *** technology was successfully applied to monitor the real-time growth dynamics of the fast-growing model strain Mycobacterium smegmatis(***)while subjected to drug treatment regimens during continuous culture for 48 h inside the microfluidic device.A clear morphological change leading to significant swelling at the poles of the bacterial membrane was observed during drug *** addition,a small subpopulation of cells surviving treatment by frontline antibiotics was observed to recover and achieve robust replicative growth once regular culture media was provided,suggesting the possibility of identifying and isolating nonreplicative *** device is a simple,easy-to-use,and low-cost solution for studying the single-cell phenotype and growth dynamics of mycobacteria,especially during drug treatment.

关键词： fluid culture treatment Mycobacterium

The brazing of diamond

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金刚石与磨料磨具工程 2008年第S1期28卷 134-142页

作者： Sung Michael Sung james c. Advanced Diamond Solutions Inc.351 King Street Suite 813San FranciscoCA 94158U.S.A. KINIK company 64Chung-San Rd.Kuo-Ying National Taiwan UniversityTaipei 106 Taiwan National Taipei University of Technology

Diamond grits held in metal matrix(sintered or electroplated) are retained primary by mechanical *** of this weak attachment,the pullouts of diamond from matrix are inevitable during the cutting ***,the working grits have low protrusion heights,so the cutting speed of the tool is limited. Furthermore,the rubbing of metal matrix and the work object can cause thermal damages of diamond and other materials,and power increase for the operation. Diamond can be firmly held in a metal matrix by *** of the presence of strong chemical bonding,diamond grits can protrude twice as high without being knocked off from the *** a result,the cutting speed of the tool may be doubled. When the braze melts,the carbide formers will migrate toward diamond to form carbide at the interface. This reaction may be excessive as to degrade diamond *** this case,a coating on diamond may be needed to moderate the reaction. When diamond is brazed on the surface of a substrate,the melt tends to pull the grits closer together that may thicken the braze layer *** clustering of grits can reduce the cutting effectiveness of the diamond tool.A diamond grid design is necessary to maintain the uniform thickness of the braze ***,the controlled melting of braze alloy can form a gentle slope around each diamond *** a massive support can allow aggressive cutting of the diamond tool with a low power consumption.

关键词： diamond brazing diamond dresser pad conditioner diamond adherence diamond distribution chemical mechanical planarization

competition for food in 2 populations of a wild-caught fish

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current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 615-622页

作者： Pierre J.c. cHUARD Grant E. BROWN james W.A. GRANT Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Departmentof Biology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec Canada H4B 1R6

Aggressive behavior when competing for resources is expected to increase as the ratio of competitors-to-resource ratio （cRR） units increases. Females are expected to be more aggressive than males when competing for food when body size is more strongly related to reproductive suc- cess in females than in males, whereas aggression is predicted to decrease under high ambient predation risk by natural selection. Under the risk allocation model, however, individuals under high ambient predation risk are expected to be more aggressive, and forage more in the absence of imminent risk than their low risk counterparts. An interaction between adult sex ratio （i.e., adult males/females）, ambient predation risk （high vs. low）, and sex on intrasexual competition for mates in Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata has been shown. The interaction suggested an increase in aggression rates as cRR increased, except for males from the high predation population. To compare the patterns of competition for food versus mates, we replicated this study by using food patches. We allowed 4 male or 4 female guppies from high and low predation populations to com- pete for 5, 3, or 1 food patches. The foraging rate was higher in a high rather than low ambient pre- dation risk population. Surprisingly, cRR, sex, and population of origin had no effect on aggression rates. Despite other environmental differences between the 2 populations, the effect of ambient predation risk may be a likely explanation for differences in foraging rates. These results highlight the importance for individuals to secure food despite the cost of competition and predation.

关键词： aggression competitor-to-resource ratio foraging Poecifia reticulata population differences predation risk sex

Infrastructure-based localisation of automated coal mining equipment

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International Journal of coal Science & Technology 2017年第3期4卷 252-261页

作者： chad O. Hargrave craig A. james Jonathon c. Ralston Mining and Processing Technologies Research Group CoalMining Research Program CSIRO Energy BrisbaneAustralia

A novel radar-based system for longwall coal mine machine localisation is described. The system, based on a radar-ranging sensor and designed to localise mining equipment with respect to the mine tunnel gate road infrastructure, is developed and trialled in an underground coal mine. The challenges of reliable sensing in the mine environment are considered, and the use of a radar sensor for localisation is justified. The difficulties of achieving reliable positioning using only the radar sensor are examined. Several probabilistic data processing techniques are explored in order to estimate two key localisation parameters from a single radar signal, namely along-track position and across-track position, with respect to the gate road structures. For the case of across-track position, a conventional Kalman filter approach is sufficient to achieve a reliable estimate. However for along-track position estimation, specific infrastructure elements on the gate road rib-wall must be identified by a tracking algorithm. Due to complexities associated with this data processing problem, a novel visual analytics approach was explored in a 3D interactive display to facilitate identification of significant features for use in a classifier algorithm. Based on the classifier output, identified elements are used as location waypoints to provide a robust and accurate mining equipment localisation estimate.

关键词： Localisation · Waypoint navigation · Machine learning · Radar ·Underground · Longwall mining· Automation

Migmatite-like textures in anthracite:Further evidence for low-grade metamorphic melting and resolidification in high-rank coals

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 428-436页

作者： james c.Hower Susan M.Rimmer Maria Mastalerz Nicola J.Wagner University of Kentucky center for Applied Energy Research 2540 Research Park DriveLexingtonKY 40511USA School of Earth Systems and Sustainability Southern Illinois University CarbondaleCarbondaleIL 62901USA Indiana Geological&Water Survey Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA Department of Geology University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa

Previous studies demonstrated that melting,initiated by supercritical fluids in the 375-400℃range,occurred as part of anthracite metamorphism in the Appalachian *** on the known behavior of vitrinite at high temperatures and,to a lesser extent,at high pressures,it was determined that the duration of the heating,melting,and resolidification event was about 1 *** the current study,featureless vitrinite within banded maceral assemblages demonstratesthe intimate association of melted and resolidified vitrinite with anthracite-rank *** analogy with metamorphosed inorganic rocks,such associations represent diadysites and embrechites,i.e.,cross-cutting and layered migmatites,*** though the temperature of formation of the anthracite structures is several hundred℃lower than that seen in metamorphosed inorganic rocks,anthracites are metamorphic rocks and the nomenclature for metamorphic rocks may be appropriate for coal.

关键词： Igneous Metamorphic texture Pennsylvania Mesozoic basins South Africa

A simple,azulene-based colorimetric probe for the detection of nitrite in water

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Frontiers of chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 90-96,F0004页

作者： Lloyd c.Murfin carlos M.Lopez-Alled Adam c.Sedgwick Jannis Wenk Tony D.james Simon E.Lewis Department of chemistry University of BathBath BA27AYUK centre for Sustainable chemical Technologies University of BathBath BA27AYUK Department of chemical Engineering and Water Innovation and Research centre(WIRc@Bath) University of BathBath BA27AYUK

We describe the synthesis and evaluation of an azulene-based chemodosimeter for *** probe was found to undergo two distinct color changes upon introduction of aqueous nitrite ion.A near-instant formation of a grey color provides a qualitative indication of the presence of nitrite,followed by the formation of a deep-yellow/orange color,the endpoint from which quantitative data can be *** azulene probe exhibits 1:1 stoichiometry of reaction with nitrite in water,and is selective for nitrite over other *** azulene probe was applied to determine nitrite content in cured meat,and compared with the British Standard testing procedure(Griess test).The value obtained from the azulene-based probe agreed closely with the standard *** procedure only requires the preparation of one standard solution,instead of the three required for the standard Griess test.

关键词： azulene nitrite diazoquinone