检索结果-南通市图书馆

Impact of direct and indirect heating systems in broiler units on environmental conditions and flock performance

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2588-2595页

作者： Shaun smith Joseph Meade james Gibbons Kevina Mc Gill Declan Bolton Paul Whyte UCD School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre Ashtown Dublin 15 Ireland

This study compared the impact of three indirect heating systems to direct gas flame heaters on a selection of flock performance and environmental indicators in commercial broiler units. No statistically significant differences（P≥0.05） were found in flock mortality rates, bird weight, water consumption, stress response, carbon dioxide, ammonia, temperature, relative humidity, litter quality, within-flock Campylobacter levels or mean Campylobacter counts when flock data from any of the three indirect heating systems were compared to flocks reared in houses with direct heating systems. Differences in litter quality were observed between upper and lower litter layers in all houses, regardless of heating type, which may have implications for bird health and welfare. Carbon dioxide concentrations in houses with direct heating systems were significantly higher than those in houses with indirect heating systems during the first 10 days of bird life（P≤0.05）. This was due to the increased use of heating systems during this period of the flock cycle. Differences in CO2 concentrations had no effect on flock performance, possibly due to the fact that concentrations did not exceed known safe levels. A statistically significant increase in stress response was observed in birds as a result of partial depopulation（thinning） within houses, irrespective of heating system type used（P≤0.05）. Stress associated with thinning may have consequences for bird welfare and food safety. In conclusion, the results of our study suggest that indirect heating systems do not appear to negatively impact on flock performance, stress response, within-flock Campylobacter levels or mean Campylobacter counts and do not appear to significantly alter environmental conditions within broiler houses when compared to houses equipped with direct heating systems. Indirect systems are a viable alternative for heating broiler houses in terms of flock performance, bird welfare and food safety.

关键词： litter quality welfare stress poultry production campylobacter environmental conditions

Addressing the impact of canine distemper spreading on an isolated tiger population in northeast Asia

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2023年第6期18卷 994-1008页

作者： Dawei WANG james L.D.smith Francesco ACCATINO Jianping GE Tianming WANG Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering NFGA Key Laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard&College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA UMR SADAPT INRAEAgroParisTechUniversitéParis-SaclayPALAISEAU CedexFrance

The continuation of the isolated Amur tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)population living along the China-Russia border is facing serious challenges due to factors such as its small size(including 38 individuals)and canine distemper virus(CDV).We use a population viability analysis metamodel,which consists of a traditional individual-based demographic model linked to an epidemiological model,to assess options for controlling the impact of negative factors through domestic dog management in protected areas,increasing connectivity to the neighboring large population(including more than 400 individuals),and habitat *** intervention,under inbreeding depression of 3.14,6.29,and 12.26 lethal equivalents,our metamodel predicted the extinction within 100 years is 64.4%,90.6%,and 99.8%,*** addition,the simulation results showed that dog management or habitat expansion independently will not ensure tiger population viability for the next 100 years,and connectivity to the neighboring population would only keep the population size from rapidly ***,when the above three conservation scenarios are combined,even at the highest level of 12.26 lethal equivalents inbreeding depression,population size will not decline and the probability of extinction will be<5.8%.Our findings highlight that protecting the Amur tiger necessitates a multifaceted synergistic *** key management recommendations for this population underline the importance of reducing CDV threats and expanding tiger occupancy to its former range in China,but re-establishing habitat connectivity to the neighboring population is an important long-term objective.

关键词： Amur tiger canine distemper virus habitat connectivity metamodel population viability analysis(PVA)

Distal triceps injuries(including snapping triceps):A systematic review of the literature

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第6期8卷 507-513页

作者： Kimberley Shuttlewood james Beazley Christopher D smith Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital

AIM To review current literature on types of distal triceps injuryand determine diagnosis and appropriate *** We performed a systematic review in PubM ed, Cochrane and EMBASE using the terms distal triceps tears and snapping triceps on the 10 th January 2017. We excluded all animal, review, foreign language and repeat papers. We reviewed all papers for relevance and of the papers left we were able to establish the types of distal triceps injury, how these injuries are diagnosed and investigated and the types of management of these injuries including surgical. The results are then presented in a review paper *** Three hundred and seventy-nine papers were identified of which 65 were relevant to distal triceps injuries. After exclusion we had 47 appropriate papers. The papers highlighted 2 main distal triceps injuries: Distal triceps tears and snapping triceps. Triceps tear are more common in males than females occurring in the 4th-5th decade of life and often due to a direct trauma but are also strongly associated with weightlifting and American football. The tears are diagnosed by history and clinically with a palpable gap. Diagnosis can be confirmed with the use of ultrasound(US) and magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment depends on type of tear. Partial tears can be treated conservatively with bracing and physio whereas acute tears need repair either open or arthroscopic using suture anchor or bone tunnel techniques with similar success. Chronic tears often need augmenting with tendon allograft or autograft. Snapping triceps are also seen more in men than women but at a mean age of 32 years. They are characterized by a snapping sensation mostly medially and can be associated with ulna nerve subluxation and ulna nerve symptoms. US is the diagnostic modality of choice due to its dynamic nature and to differentiate between snapping triceps tendon or ulna nerve. Treatment is conservative initially with activity avoidance and if that fails surgi

关键词： Triceps Distal Tear Rupture Snapping Partial thickness Biomechanical Anatomy

Ever-increasing diversity of drug-induced pancreatitis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第22期26卷 2902-2915页

作者： Simcha Weissman Muhammad Aziz ryan B Perumpail Tej I Mehta Rutwik Patel james H Tabibian Department of Medicine Hackensack University-Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Medicine University of Toledo Medical CenterToledoOH 43614United States Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Interventional Radiology Johns Hopkins University HospitalBaltimoreMD 21205United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-UCLA Medical CenterSylmarCA 91342 and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCA 90095United States

With over 100000 hospital admissions per annum,acute pancreatitis remains the leading gastrointestinal cause of hospitalization in the United States and has farreaching impact well *** has become increasingly recognized that druginduced pancreatitis(DIP),despite accounting for less than 3%of all cases,represents an important and growing though often inconspicuous cause of acute ***,knowledge of DIP is often curtailed by the limited availability of evidence needed to implicate given agents,especially for nonprescription ***,the majority of available data is derived from case reports,case series,or case control ***,the mechanism of injury and causality for many of these drugs remain elusive as a definitive correlation is generally not established(<10%of cases).Several classification systems have been proposed,but no single system has been widely adopted,and periodic updates are required in light of ongoing pharmacologic ***,infrequently prescribed medications or those available over-thecounter(including herbal and other alternative remedies)are often overlooked as a potential culprit of acute ***,we review the ever-increasing diversity of DIP and the potential mechanisms of injury with the goal of raising awareness regarding the nature and magnitude of this *** believe this manuscript will aid in increasing both primary and secondary prevention of DIP,thus ultimately facilitating more expedient diagnosis and a decrease in DIPrelated morbidity.

关键词： Drug-induced pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis Pharmacology Mechanism of action Inflammation Etiology

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

流体-固体相互作用、碰撞和起飞的建模

Acta Mechanica Sinica 2023年第5期39卷 1-12页

作者： Frank T.smith Ellen M.Jolley ryan A.Palmer Department of Mathematics University College LondonLondonUK School of Biological Sciences University of BristolBristolEngland School of Mathematics University of BristolBristolEngland

本文是流体-固体相互作用机制方面的最新进展综述,主要研究固体物体自身的运动与其周围流体运动之间的相互影响.非稳态相互作用的数学模型是对两个空间维度和时间尺度的内部通道和外部近壁流的描述.本文重点描述伴随计算量减少的分析发... 详细信息

本文是流体-固体相互作用机制方面的最新进展综述,主要研究固体物体自身的运动与其周围流体运动之间的相互影响.非稳态相互作用的数学模型是对两个空间维度和时间尺度的内部通道和外部近壁流的描述.本文重点描述伴随计算量减少的分析发展过程.文章讨论无黏性流中掠过和下沉、物体的起飞、飞离或弹跳,以及黏性效应,特别是黏性和无黏性之间的相互作用和影响.主要研究结果涉及撞击时间、起飞条件、撞击和飞离之间的边界、主要参数及其范围以及物体形状和质量对物理及力学机制的影响.

关键词： Fluid-body interactions Skimming Impacts Analysis

Optimization of operational strategies for rich gas enhanced oil recovery based on a pilot test in the Bakken tight oil reservoir

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Petroleum Science 2023年第5期20卷 2921-2938页

作者： Xincheng Wan Lu Jin Nicholas A.Azzolina Jin Zhao Xue Yu Steven A.smith james A.Sorensen Energy&Environmental Research Center University of North Dakota15 North 23rd StreetStop 9018Grand ForksND58202-9018USA

Horizontal well drilling and multistage hydraulic fracturing have been demonstrated as effective approaches for stimulating oil production in the Bakken tight oil ***,after multiple years of production,primary oil recovery in the Bakken is generally less than 10%of the estimated original oil in *** huff‘n’puff(HnP)has been tested in the Bakken Formation as an enhanced oil recovery(EOR)method;however,most field pilot test results showed no significant incremental oil *** of the factors affecting HnP EOR performance is premature gas breakthrough,which is one of the most critical issues observed in the field because of the presence of interwell ***,injected gas rapidly reaches adjacent production wells without contacting reservoir rock and increasing oil *** conformance control is therefore needed to avoid early gas breakthrough and improve EOR *** this study,a rich gas EOR pilot in the Bakken was carefully analyzed to collect the essential reservoir and operational data.A simulation model with 16 wells was then developed to reproduce the production history and predict the EOR performance with and without conformance *** operational strategies,including single-and multiple-well HnP,with different gas injection constraints were *** simulation results of single-well HnP without conformance control showed that a rich gas injection rate of at least 10 MMscfd was needed to yield meaningful incremental oil *** strategy of conformance control via water injection could significantly improve oil production in the HnP well,but injecting an excessive amount of water also leads to water breakthrough and loss of oil production in the offset *** analyzing the production performance of the wells individually,the arrangement of wells was optimized for multiple-well HnP *** multiwell results showed that rich gas EOR could improve oil production up to 7.4%by employing confor

关键词： Rich gas injection Bakken tight oil reservoir EOR strategies Conformance control Embedded discrete fracture model

Drying characteristics and quality of bananas under infrared radiation heating

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 58-70页

作者： Milly A.Pekke Zhongli Pan Griffiths G.Atungulu Gary smith james F.Thompson Department of Food Science and Technology University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Processed Foods Research Unit USDA-ARS Western Regional Research CenterAlbanyCA 94710USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Food Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72704USA

Hot air(HA)drying of banana has low drying efficiency and results in undesirable product *** objectives of this research were to investigate the feasibility of infrared(IR)heating to improve banana drying rate,evaluate quality of the dried product,and establish models for predicting drying *** slices of 5 mm and 8 mm thickness were dried with IR and HA at product temperatures of 60℃,70℃ and 80℃.Banana drying characteristics and changes in residual polyphenol oxidase(PPO),Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF),color,moisture content(MC)and water activity during the treatments were *** showed that significant moisture reduction and higher drying rates were achieved with IR drying compared to HA drying in the early *** drying data could be fitted to the Page model for accurate prediction of MC change for IR and HA drying with mean R2 of *** was noted that enzyme inactivation occurred more quickly with IR than with HA drying.A unique response of PPO under IR and HA drying was *** heating of banana inactivated PPO within the first 20 min of drying at 60℃,70℃ and 80℃,while PPO was first activated before inactivation at 60℃ and 70℃ drying with *** highest HMF content occurred in banana slices with 5 mm thickness dried with IR at a product temperature of 80℃.It is therefore recommendable to dry banana with IR at product temperature of 70℃ or below to preserve the product *** findings are new and provide more insight in the application of IR heating for drying banana for improved drying rate and product quality.

关键词： drying banana infrared radiation hot air drying enzyme inactivation

Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an DUO james L.D.smith Tianming WANG Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence *** and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

活性污泥法污水处理虚拟设备

中国给水排水 2001年第9期17卷 17-22页

作者：蔡建安 james A.smith 安徽工业大学环境工程系安徽马鞍山243002 Dept. of Civil Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville

在LabVIEW平台上开发的活性污泥法污水处理虚拟设备 ,以反应动力学为基础构造基本模块 ,通过连线来组合或改变工艺流程。虚拟设备采用循环结构 ,迭代运行 ,能解决具有交互作用的多控制底物问题。虚拟设备的控制界面模拟传统的控制仪表 ... 详细信息

在LabVIEW平台上开发的活性污泥法污水处理虚拟设备 ,以反应动力学为基础构造基本模块 ,通过连线来组合或改变工艺流程。虚拟设备采用循环结构 ,迭代运行 ,能解决具有交互作用的多控制底物问题。虚拟设备的控制界面模拟传统的控制仪表 ,仿真运行 ,其工艺、环境和设备参数可直接选择 ,以“所见即所得”的可视技术获得动态的结果 ,节约了试验研究的时间和经费 ,提高了设计的可靠性 ,也能在已建成的水处理设施上进行控制和预报。

关键词：污水处理活性污泥法虚拟设备