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Stream turbidity responses to storm events in a pristine rainforest watershed on the Coral Coast of southern Fiji

International Journal of Sediment Research 2016年第4期31卷 279-290页

作者： Arishma R.Ram james p.Terry School of Environment The University of Auckland College of Sustainabiliry Sciences Zayed University

On the Coral Coast of Viti Levu Island in Fiji,inadequate knowledge of suspended sediment delivery patterns in small pristine coastal watersheds hinders any future assessment of accelerated erosion in disturbed areas *** study adopts a rainfall-stream turbidity monitoring approach in the Votua Creek,which drains a small,steep but minimally-disturbed coastal rainforest *** rainfall characteristics,stream depth and water turbidity were continuously monitored over one complete Fiji wet season from October 2009 to April *** aim was to evaluate whether these parameters provide sufficient information to illustrate basic features of storm-sediment transport responses,in the case of limited stream gauging and very simple sediment rating *** is important because pacific Island nations like Fiji do not have the resources to initiate long-term gauging and sediment sampling programmes across numerous small catchments.A significant power function demonstrates that turbidity(T) is a suitable proxy for total suspended solids(ISS) for turbidity measurements above 5 NTU,with TSS=0.930T1.111(r= 0.98,pperiod,10 individual storms 11.2-120.1 mm in size produced a ’significant turbidity response’(STR)in the Votua *** parameters(totals and intensities) showed positive linear relationships(r=0.72-0.94) with stream turbidity parameters(mean,maximum,duration),whilst relationships of similar strength(r=0.76-0.98) were also derived between stream flow depth and *** implies that for small rainforest watersheds in Fiji,rainfall parameters offer no substantial disadvantage over flow as predictors of stream sediment responses to major ***-based analysis revealed that negative(anticlockwise) hysteresis is a typical flow-turbidity pattern for STR *** hysteresis is produced when secondary episodes of renewed(heavy) rainfall occur after maximum intensity,in the later phase of storm *** Cyclo

关键词： Coastal watersheds Fiji Storm events Stream turbidity Suspended sediment Negative hysteresis

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A polarizing situation： Taking an in-plane perspective for next-generation near-field studies

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第2期11卷 1-17页

作者： p. james Schuck Wel Bao Nicholas J. Borys Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1760 USA

By enabling the probing of light-matter interactions at the functionally relevant length scales of most materials, near-field optical imaging and spectroscopy accesses information that is unobtainable with other methods. The advent of apertureless techniques, which exploit the ultralocalized and enhanced near-fields created by sharp metallic tips or plasmonic nanoparticles, has resulted in rapid adoption of near-field approaches for studying novel materials and phenomena, with spatial resolution approaching sub-molecular levels. However, these approaches are generally limited by the dominant out-of-plane polarization response of apertureless tips, restricting the exploration and discovery of many material properties. This has led to recent design and fabrication breakthroughs in near-field tips engineered specifically for enhancing in-plane interactions with near-field light components. This mini-review provides a perspective on recent progress and emerging directions aimed at utilizing and controlling in-plane optical polarization, highlighting key application spaces where in-plane near-field tip responses have enabled recent advancements in the understanding and development of new nanostructured materials and devices.

关键词： near-field optical microscopy nano-optics TERS plasmonics optical antenna 2D materials

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Radiopaque nano and polymeric materials for atherosclerosis imaging, embolization and other catheterization procedures

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Acta pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第3期8卷 360-370页

作者： Li Tian Linfeng Lu james Feng Marites p.Melancon Department of Interventional Radiology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Duke University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

A review of radiopaque nano and polymeric materials for atherosclerosis imaging and catheterization procedures is presented in this paper. Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the US with atherosclerosis as a significant contributor for mortality and morbidity. In this review paper, we discussed the physics of radiopacity and X-ray/CT, clinically used contrast agents,and the recent progress in the development of radiopaque imaging agents and devices for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. We focused on radiopaque imaging agents for atherosclerosis, radiopaque embolic agents and drug eluting beads, and other radiopaque medical devices related to catheterization procedures to treat CVDs. Common strategies of introducing radiopacity in the polymers, together with examples of their applications in imaging and medical devices, are also presented.

关键词： Radiopaque contrast nanoparticles and materials X-ray CT Vascular diseases Atherosclerosis plaque Stenosis Embolization Inferior vena cava filters

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COVID-19: An overview and a clinical update

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第1期9卷 8-23页

作者： Arunkumar Krishnan james p Hamilton Saleh A Alqahtani Tinsay A Woreta Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Liver Transplant Center King Faisal Specialist Hospital&Research CenterRiyadh 12713Saudi Arabia

The outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19,previously known as 2019 nCoV)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection in Wuhan City,China,has spread rapidly around the *** patients from the first cluster had an epidemiological connection to the Wuhan's Huanan Seafood Wholesale *** evidence has shown that SARSCoV-2 can be easily transmitted from person to person through close contact and respiratory droplets,posing a substantial challenge to public *** present,the research on SARS-CoV-2 is still in the primary ***,dexamethasone and remdesivir are appeared to be promising medical ***,there is no definite specific treatment,and the mainstay of treatment is still focused on supportive ***,over 150 vaccines are under *** is necessary to understand the nature of the virus and its clinical characteristics in order to find effectively manage the *** knowledge about this virus is rapidly evolving,and clinicians must update themselves *** present review comprehensively summarizes the epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical characteristics,and management of COVID-19 based on the current evidence.

关键词： Coronaviruses COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiology Symptoms Laboratory Imaging Treatment Vaccines prevention

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Natural orbital description of the halo nucleus 6He

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第12期28卷 237-243页

作者： Chrysovalantis Constantinou Mark A.Caprio james p.Vary pieter Maris present Address:Center for Theoretical physics Sloane Physics LaboratoryYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520-8120USA Department of physics University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556-5670USA Department of physics and Astronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011-3160USA

Ab initio calculations of nuclei face the challenge of simultaneously describing the strong short-range internucleon correlations and the long-range properties of weakly bound halo nucleons. Natural orbitals, which diagonalize the one-body density matrix, provide a basis which is better matched to the physical structure of the many-body wave function. We demonstrate that the use of natural orbitals significantly improves convergence for ab initio no-core configuration interaction calculations of the neutron halo nucleus ~6He, relative to the traditional oscillator basis.

关键词： Neutron halo nucleus 6He Nuclear structure Nuclear theory

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N-acetylcysteine treats intravenous amiodarone induced liver injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第9期21卷 2816-2819页

作者： Matthew L Mudalel Kartikeya p Dave james p Hummel Steven F Solga Department of Medicine Division of GastroenteorlogySt. Luke’s University Hospital and Temple School of MedicineBethlehemPA 18015United States Department of Medicine Montefiore Medical CenterBronxNY 10461United States Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27514United States

We report a case of intravenous(IV) amiodarone drug induced liver injury(DILI).The patient received IV N-acetylcysteine(NAC) which resulted in a rapid improvement in liver *** the specific mechanisms for the pathogenesis of IV amiodaroneDILI and the therapeutic action of IV NAC are both unknown, this case strongly implies at least some *** IV amiodarone is indicated for the treatment of serious cardiac arrhythmias in an intensive care unit setting, some degree of ischemic hepatitis is likely a cofactor in most cases.

关键词： N-acetylcysteine Amiodarone Drug induced liver inj

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Regulation of neuronal bioenergetics as a therapeutic strategy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第8期16卷 1467-1482页

作者： Isaac G.Onyango james p.Bennett Gorazd B.Stokin Center for Translational Medicine International Clinical Research Centre(ICRC)St.Anne’s University HospitalBrnoCzech Republic Neurodegeneration Therapeutics 3050A Berkmar DriveCharlottesvilleVAUSA

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are a heterogeneous group of debilitating disorders with multifactorial etiologies and pathogeneses that manifest distinct molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestations with abnormal protein dynamics and impaired bioenergetics. Mitochondrial dysfunction is emerging as an important feature in the etiopathogenesis of these age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The prevalence and incidence of these diseases is on the rise with the increasing global population and average lifespan. Although many therapeutic approaches have been tested, there are currently no effective treatment routes for the prevention or cure of these diseases. We present the current status of our knowledge and understanding of the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in these diseases and highlight recent advances in novel therapeutic strategies targeting neuronal bioenergetics as potential approach for treating these diseases.

关键词： aging Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Huntington's disease mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial dysfunction mtDNA mutations neurodegeneration oxidative stress parkinson's disease

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Combustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel operated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 568-574页

作者： M. LOGANATHAN A. VELMURUGAN TOM pAGE E. james GUNASEKARAN p. TAMILARASAN Department of Mechanical Engineering Annamalai University Anna- malainagar 608002 India product Design and Manufacturing Loughborough University Lough- borough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

The rapid depletion of fossil fuel and growing demand necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the market. In this paper, a conventional DI diesel engine was modified to operate as gas engine. The intake manifold of the engine was supplied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three levels with 2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min and 8 L/min and 10 L/min with an injection pressure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion parameters like heat release rate （HRR）, ignition delay, combustion duration, rate of pressure rise （ROpR）, cumulative heat release rate （CHR）, and cyclic pressure fluctuations were measured. The HRR peak pressure decreased with the increase in EGR rate, while combustion duration increased with the EGR rate. The cyclic pressure variation also increased with the increase in EGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation (EGR),diesel combustion heat release rate (HRR) combustionduration

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Visible light photocatalytic bismuth oxide coatings are effective at suppressing aquatic cyanobacteria and degrading free-floating genomic DNA

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 128-136页

作者： james Redfern Marina Ratova Andrew pDean james pritchett Matthieu Grao Joanna Verran peter Kelly Department of Natural Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetM15GDUK Surface Engineering Group Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetM15GDUK Department of Life Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityChester StreetM15GDUK

Access to safe drinking water free from microbial pollution is an issue of global concern. The use of photocatalytic thin films in water treatment has focused on titanium dioxide, which requires UV-activation, proving a potential barrier to upscaling and implementation in the real world. Visible-light-activated photocatalytic thin films, such as bismuth oxide, have recently been shown to have antimicrobial properties. However, more understanding of the photocatalytic effect on the microbial population in water is required. Glass beads coated with bismuth oxide were incubated with either Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena sp. or free-floating genomic DNA. The presence of bismuth oxide-coated glass beads was able to rapidly stop a population of cyanobacteria from increasing. The coated beads were also able to degrade genomic DNA. Leachate from the beads showed no increase in toxicity against human liver cells. This data demonstrates the efficacy of bismuth oxide-coated glass beads for controlling potentially dangerous cyanobacterial populations, whilst potentially reducing the amount of free-floating genomic DNA(an essential issue in the face of antimicrobial resistance) – all of which should be essential considerations in emerging water treatment technologies.

关键词： photocatalysis Bismuth oxide Cyanobacteria Water treatment Antimicrobial

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Carbon capture and storage,geomechanics and induced seismic activity

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2016年第6期8卷 928-935页

作者： james p.Verdon Anna L.Stork School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol

Injection of large volumes of carbon dioxide(CO) for the purposes of greenhouse-gas emissions reduction has the potential to induce *** of proposed projects must therefore take steps to reduce the risks posed by this induced *** this paper,we examine the causes of injection-induced seismicity(IIS),and how it should be monitored and modelled,and thereby *** US case studies are found where fluids are injected into layers that are in close proximity to crystalline basement *** investigate this issue further by comparing injection and seismicity in two areas where oilfield wastewater is injected in significant volumes:Oklahoma,where fluids are injected into a basal layer,and Saskatchewan,where fluids are injected into a much shallower *** suggest that the different induced seismicity responses in these two areas are at least in part due to these different injection *** go on to outline two different approaches for modelling IIS:a statistics based approach and a physical,numerical modelling based *** modelling types have advantages and disadvantages,but share a need to be calibrated with good quality seismic monitoring data if they are to be used with any degree of *** therefore encourage the use of seismic monitoring networks at all future carbon capture and storage(CCS) sites.

关键词： Carbon capture and storage(CCS) Induced seismicity Geomechanics

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