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Soil-transmitted helminth egg contamination from soil of indigenous communities in selected barangays in Tigaon, camarines Sur, Philippines

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第9期13卷 409-414页

作者： james owen c.delaluna Mary Jane c.Flores Vicente Y.Belizario Jr. Jose Isagani B.Janairo Derick Erl P.Sumalapao Biology Department College of ScienceDe La Salle UniversityManila Philippines Biological control Research Unit Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental ResearchDe La Salle UniversityManila Philippines Department of Parasitology College of Public HealthUniversity of the PhilippinesManila Philippines Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of the PhilippinesManila Philippines

Objective:To provide baseline data on the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminthiasis egg contamination in the soil among indigenous ***:A total of 317 soil samples from three barangays of indigenous communities communities in Tigaon,camarines Sur,Philippines were examined for soil-transmitted helminthiasis egg contamination using optimized sugar flotation ***:Of the soil samples examined,141(44.48%)were contaminated by Ascaris spp.,Toxocara spp.,and Trichuris *** cumulative prevalence varying across the study sites(Pcaris *** predominant in all study sites,followed by Toxocara *** Trichuris *** a prevalence of 41.96%,7.57%,and 5.36%,***,Toxocara *** the highest intensity of contamination,followed by Ascaris *** Trichuris *** term of geometric mean soil-transmitted helminthiasis eggs recovered per one gram soil sample(34.25,21.45,and 11.85 respectively).Each study site harbors significant amount of soiltransmitted helminthiasis eggs and zoonotic Toxocara eggs,which present high risk of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection,particularly among children observed to play and cohabitate with animals known to be hosts of these ***:The alarming rate of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and Toxocara egg contamination reported in this study suggests that additional measures should be undertaken to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis and zoonotic intestinal infections in the country.

关键词： Indigenous peoples Soil-transmitted helminths Ascaris Toxocara Trichuris Public health

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Battery state-of-charge estimation using machine learning analysis of ultrasonic signatures

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第4期10卷 60-72页

作者： Elias Galiounas Tom G.Tranter Rhodri E.owen james B.Robinson Paul R.Shearing Dan J.L.Brett Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK The Faraday Institution Quad OneBecquerel AvenueHarwell CampusDidcotOX11 The Alan Turing Institute British Library96 Euston RoadLondon NW12DB

The potential of acoustic signatures to be used for State-of-charge(Soc)estimation is demonstrated using artificial neural network regression *** approach represents a streamlined method of processing the entire acoustic waveform instead of performing manual,and often arbitrary,waveform peak *** applications where computational economy is prioritised,simple metrics of statistical significance are used to formally identify the most informative waveform *** alone can be exploited for Soc *** is further shown that signal portions representing both early and late interfacial reflections can correlate highly with the Soc and be of predictive value,challenging the more common peak selection methods which focus on the *** later echoes represent greater through-thickness coverage,and are intuitively more information-rich,their presence is not *** waveform treatment offers a more robust approach to correlating acoustic signatures to electrochemical *** is further demonstrated that transformation into the frequency domain can reduce the dimensionality of the problem significantly,while also improving the estimation *** importantly,it is shown that acoustic signatures can be used as sole model inputs to produce highly accurate Soc estimates,without any complementary voltage *** makes the method suitable for applications where redundancy and diversification of Soc estimation approaches is *** is obtained experimentally from a 210 mAh LicoO2/graphite pouch *** estimation errors as low as 0.75%are achieved on a Soc scale of 0-100%.

关键词： Battery diagnostics Ultrasonic battery monitoring Acoustic battery inspection Mechanical-electrochemical correlation Machine learning Artificial neural networks

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changes in Avian Spring Arrival Dates of 115 Species in the central Appalachians over 127 Years

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American Journal of climate change 2023年第4期12卷 527-547页

作者： Lori Petrauski Sheldon owen George D. constantz james T. Anderson Division of Forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Native American Fish and Wildlife Society and the Alaska climate Adaptation Science center Fairbanks AK USA West Virginia University Extension Service Morgantown WV USA 818 Great Plains Dr. Capon Bridge WV USA james c. Kennedy Waterfowl and Wetlands conservation center Belle W. Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science Clemson University Georgetown SC USA

Global climate change affects many facets of avian ecology, such as shifts in breeding phenology and migration patterns. Migrating bird species respond to changes in climate by shifting their temporal patterns of spring migration. However, variation in species’ responses exists based on various life history traits, which exposes some species to an increased risk of phenological mismatch. This study examined the spring arrival dates of 115 migrating species over 127 years (1889-2015) using archival sources in West Virginia, USA, making this research unique in the length of study, the high number of species studied, and the historical crowd-sourced observations analyzed. Of the 115 taxa, 45 showed significant negative slopes of spring arrival dates (arriving earlier in the spring) plotted against the year. In contrast, only nine species showed positive slopes (arriving later in the spring), albeit non-significant. The average advance of spring arrival date for all species was 1.7 days per decade, and an advance of 2.6 days per decade in species that showed significance. Arrival dates were associated with increasing spring temperatures—for each 1˚c increase, the arrival date advanced by 0.81 days/decade. Several life history traits were linked to species that advanced their first arrival dates, including a shorter distance migrated to reach wintering grounds, increasing populations, and foraging habitat. Most avian species are advancing their spring arrival dates in response to climate change. However, the implications of earlier spring arrival are unclear. We draw attention to shifts in arrival dates and wintering ranges, leading to a possible increase in overwintering in the mid-latitudes of North America.

关键词： Avian Migration climate change Historical Migration Long-Term Dataset Migration Phenology Spring Arrival

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Transepithelial leak in Barrett's esophagus patients: The role of proton pump inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第22期18卷 2793-2797页

作者： christopher Farrell Melissa Morgan owen Tully Kevin Wolov Keith Kearney Benjamin Ngo Giancarlo Mercogliano james J Thornton Mary carmen Valenzano james M Mullin Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital Wynnewood PA 19096 United States Lankenau Institute for Medical Research Wynnewood PA 19096 United States

AIM: To determine if the observed paracellular sucrose leak in Barrett's esophagus patients is due to their proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use. METHODS: The in vivo sucrose permeability test was administered to healthy controls, to Barrett's patients and to non-Barrett's patients on continuous PPI therapy. Degree of leak was tested for correlation with presence of Barrett's, use of PPIs, and length of Barrett's segment and duration of PPI use. RESULTS: Barrett's patients manifested a near 3-fold greater, upper gastrointestinal sucrose leak than healthy controls. A decrease of sucrose leak was observed in Barrett's patients who ceased PPI use for 7 *** initial introduction of PPI use (in a PPI-na ve population) results in dramatic increase in sucrose leak, long-term, continuous PPI use manifested a slow spontaneous decline in leak. The sucrose leak observed in Barrett's patients showed no correlation to the amount of Barrett's tissue present in the esophagus. cONcLUSION: Although future research is needed to determine the degree of paracellular leak in actual Barrett's mucosa, the relatively high degree of leak observed with in vivo sucrose permeability measurement of Barrett's patients reflects their PPI use and not their Barrett's tissue per se .

关键词：质子泵抑制剂泄漏患者食管价格指数 PPI 测试管理测试压力

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Elephants can Mimic1 Traffic and Other Noises

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大学英语 2005年第5期 21-23页

作者： james owen 刘嘉

It isn't only children playing with toy cars who make engine noises. Elephants produce a similar roar2, though in their case it's the rumble3 of trucks on an African highway that the animals imitate4, scientists *** experts behind the discovery say elephants are capable of vocal6 imitation, joining a select group of animals that includes parrots7, songbirds8, dolphins9, and humans.

关键词：大学英语注释读物科普文阅读

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New Sharks,Rays Discovered in Indonesia Fish Markets

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科技英语学习 2007年第5期 31-33页

作者： james owen 潘晓雯

海洋是神秘的,它是生命孕育的摇篮。各种各样的生物游弋其间,逍遥自在。海洋为它们的生存和繁衍提供了广阔无垠的舞台。对于大海,自古以来,人们就有一种本能的渴望。好奇心驱使人类不断探索大海的深处,搜寻缤纷多彩的海洋生物。而对于... 详细信息

海洋是神秘的,它是生命孕育的摇篮。各种各样的生物游弋其间,逍遥自在。海洋为它们的生存和繁衍提供了广阔无垠的舞台。对于大海,自古以来,人们就有一种本能的渴望。好奇心驱使人类不断探索大海的深处,搜寻缤纷多彩的海洋生物。而对于作为海霸王的鲨鱼,人们更是怀着一种敬畏的心情。它的神秘与强大为人们提供了巨大的幻想空间。近年来,随着研究的不断深入和科技的日新月异,鲨鱼的面纱正被揭开。许多鲨鱼新品种的被发现就是很好的例证。

关键词： In New Sharks,Rays Discovered in Indonesia Fish Markets

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commercial Whaling Ban Holds-for Now

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当代外语研究 2005年第8期 10-11页

作者： james owen 李海龙

由于人们对自然资源的过度采伐,许多物种都几近灭绝。地球上最大的哺乳动物鲸鱼的数量日益减少,为此,国际捕鲸委员会曾禁止商业性捕捞鲸鱼的活动。有些国家为了本国私利企图恢复商业捕捞,这理所当然地遭到环保人士的普遍反对。这显示了... 详细信息

由于人们对自然资源的过度采伐,许多物种都几近灭绝。地球上最大的哺乳动物鲸鱼的数量日益减少,为此,国际捕鲸委员会曾禁止商业性捕捞鲸鱼的活动。有些国家为了本国私利企图恢复商业捕捞,这理所当然地遭到环保人士的普遍反对。这显示了关于人与自然关系不同观点间的又一次较量。

关键词：哺乳动物自然资源不同观点人与自然关系商业性鲸鱼捕捞委员会灭绝采伐

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Apolipoprotein E polymorphism influences orthotopic liver transplantation outcomes in patients with hepatitis c virus-induced liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第11期27卷 1064-1075页

作者： José carlos Rodrigues Nascimento Lianna c Pereira Juliana Magalhães c Rêgo Ronaldo P Dias Paulo Goberlânio B Silva Silvio Alencar c Sobrinho Gustavo R coelho Ivelise Regina c Brasil Edmilson F Oliveira-Filho james S owen Pierluigi Toniutto Reinaldo B Oriá Department of Anesthesia and Surgery Liver Transplantation Fortaleza General HospitalFortaleza 60150-160CEBrazil Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing Ontogeny and NutritionDepartment of Morphology and Institute of BiomedicineSchool of MedicineFederal University of CearáFortaleza 60430-270CEBrazil Department of Dental clinic Federal University of CearáFortaleza 60430-270CEBrazil Department of Surgery Liver Transplant Unit of Federal University of CearáFortaleza 60430-270CEBrazil Transplantation Division Hospital Geral de FortalezaFortaleza 60175-742CEBrazil Institute of Virology CharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin 10117Germany UcL Medical School Royal Free CampusLondon NW32PFUnited Kingdom Department of Specialized Medicine Hepatology Liver Transplantation UnitAzienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata of UdineUdine I-33100Italy

BAcKGROUND Hepatitis c virus(HcV)infection is responsible for a chronic liver inflammation,which may cause end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular *** E(protein:ApoE,gene:APOE),a key player in cholesterol metabolism,is mainly synthesized in the liver and APOE polymorphisms may influence HcV-induced liver *** To determine whether APOE alleles affect outcomes in HcV-infected patients with liver cirrhosis following orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT).METHODS This was a cohort study in which 179 patients,both genders and aged 34-70 years,were included before or after(up to 10 years follow-up)*** injury severity was assessed using different criteria,including METAVIR and models for endstage liver *** polymorphisms were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain *** The APOE3 allele was the most common(67.3%).In inflammation severity of biopsies from 89 OLT explants and 2 patients in pre-transplant,the degree of severe inflammation(A3F4,0.0%)was significantly less frequent than in patients with minimal and moderate degree of inflammation(≤A2F4,16.2%)P=0.048,in patients carrying the APOE4 allele when compared to *** addition,a significant difference was also found(≤A2F4,64.4%vs A3F4,0.0%;P=0.043)and(A1F4,57.4%vs A3F4,0.0%;P=0.024)in APOE4 patients when compared to APOE3 *** fibrosis degree of the liver graft in 8 of 91 patients and the lack of the E4 allele was associated with more moderate fibrosis(F2)(P=0.006).cONcLUSION Our results suggest that the E4 allele protects against progression of liver fibrosis and degree of inflammation in HcV-infected patients.

关键词： Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism Liver cirrhosis Hepatitis c virus Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation

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Absence of Na^+/sugar cotransport activity in Barrett's metaplasia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1365-1369页

作者： Lisa J Murray owen Tully David S Rudolph Marysue Whitby Mary c Valenzano Giancarlo Mercogliano james J Thornton james M Mullin Lankenau Institute for Medical Research WynnewoodPAUnited States Saint Joseph's UniversityDepartment of BiologyPhiladelphiaPA 19096United States Lankenau Hospital Department of Medicine WynnewoodPA 19096United States Lankenau Hospital Department of MedicineWynnewoodPA 19096 United States Lankenau Institute for Medical Research WynnewoodPAUnited States Lankeanu Hospital Division of GastroenterologyWynnewood PA 19096United States Lankeanu Hospital Division of GastroenterologyWynnewoodPA 19096United States

AIM:To evaluate the presence of Na+-dependent, active, sugar transport in Barrett's epithelia as an intestinal biomarker, based on the well-documented, morphological intestinal phenotype of Barrett's esophagus (BE). METHODS: We examined uptake of the nonmeta- bolizable glucose analogue, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside (AMG), a substrate for the entire sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) family of transport proteins. During upper endoscopy, patients with BE or with uncomplicated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) allowed for duodenal, gastric fundic, and esophageal mucosal biopsies to be taken. Biopsies were incubated in bicarbonate-buffered saline (KRB) containing 0.1 mmol/L 14c-AMG for 60 min at 20℃. characterized by abundant SGLT, duodenum served as a positive control while gastric fundus and normal esophagus, known to lack SGLT, served as negative controls. RESULTS: Duodenal biopsies accumulated 249.84 ± 35.49 (SEM) picomoles AMG/μg DNA (n = 12), gastric fundus biopsies 36.20 ± 6.62 (n = 12), normal esophagus 12.10 ± 0.59 (n = 3) and Barrett's metaplasia 29.79 ± 5.77 (n = 8). There was a statistical difference (P ch other biopsy site but there was no statistically significant difference between normal esophagus and BE biopsies. 0.5 mmol/L phlorizin (PZ) inhibited AMG uptake into duodenal mucosa by over 89%, but had nosignificant effect on AMG uptake into gastric fundus, normal esophagus, or Barrett's tissue. In the absence of Na+ (all Na+ salts replaced by Li+ salts), AMG uptake in duodenum was decreased by over 90%, while uptake into gastric, esophageal or Barrett's tissue was statistically unaffected. cONcLUSION: Despite the intestinal enterocyte phenotype of BE, Na+-dependent, sugar transport activity is not present in these cells.

关键词：巴雷特组织转化癌症钠离子/葡萄糖协同运输根皮苷

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Developing a Historical Phenology Dataset through community Involvement for climate change Research

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American Journal of climate change 2020年第1期9卷 11-22页

作者： Lori Petrauski Sheldon owen George constantz james T. Anderson Division of Forestry and Natural Resources West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA West Virginia University Extension Service Morgantown WV USA 818 Great Plains Dr. Capon Bridge WV USA

There has been an increased effort to utilize untapped sources of historical phenological data such as museum specimens, journals written by nature-minded citizens, and dated photographs through local phenology projects for climate change research. Local phenology projects have contributed greatly to our current understanding of phenological changes over time and have an important role in the public’s engagement with natural history, but there are also significant challenges in finding and analyzing historical data. The West Virginia climate History Project collected historical phenology data (1890-2015) from citizens in West Virginia with scientific and cultural results. We discuss the development of the project, issues we overcame, recommendations for future projects, and the conservation value of local phenology projects. Local phenology projects lend value to climate change research and conservation education. Policy directed towards supporting humanities grants and museum collections, including herbariums, is crucial in the success of these projects.

关键词： Historical Phenology community Phenology citizen Science conservation Phenology

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