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Sports compression garments improve resting markers of venous return and muscle blood flow in male basketball players

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第4期12卷 513-522页

作者： Shane f.O'Riordan Rod McGregor Shona L.Halson David J.Bishop james R.Broatch Institute for Health and Sport(iHeS) Victoria UniversityFootscrayVIC 3011Australia Department of Physiology Australian Institute of SportBruceACT 2617Australia faculty of Health University of CanberraBruceACT 2617Australia School of Behavioural and Health Sciences Australian Catholic UniversityBanyoQLD 4014Australia

Background:The benefits associated with sports compression garments are thought to be closely related to enhanced blood ***,findings are equivocal,possibly due to heterogeneity in the techniques used for measuring blood flow,the garment types used,and the pressures *** study combined Doppler ultrasound and near-infrared spectroscopy technologies to provide the first comprehensive assessment of the effects of 3 sports compression garment types on markers of venous return and muscle blood flow at ***:Resting lower-limb blood flow measures(markers of venous return,muscle blood flow,and muscle oxygenation)of 22 elite,junior,male basketball players(age=17.2±0.9 years,mean±SD)were assessed in 4 separate conditions:no compression(CON),compression tights(TIGHTS),compression shorts(SHORTS),and compression socks(SOCKS).Markers of venous return(cross-sectional area,time-averaged mean and peak blood flow velocity,and venous blood flow)were measured via Doppler ultrasound at the popliteal and common femoral *** blood flow and muscle oxygenation were measured in the gastrocnemius medialis and vastus lateralis using near-infrared ***:Popliteal markers of venous return were higher in TIGHTS compared to CON(pfemoral vein markers of venous return were higher for all conditions compared to CON(pflow was higher for TIGHTS compared to CON(p=0.000),SOCKS(p=0.012),and SHORTS(p=0.000),with SOCKS higher compared to SHORTS(p=0.046).Vastus lateralis blood flow was higher for TIGHTS compared to CON(p=0.028)and SOCKS(p=0.019),with SHORTS also higher compared to CON(p=0.012)and SOCKS(p=0.005).Gastrocnemius medialis oxygenation was higher for TIGHTS compared to CON(p=0.003),SOCKS(p=0.033),and SHORTS(p=0.003),with SOCKS higher compared to CON(p=0.044)and SHORTS(p=0.032).Va

关键词： Arterial perfusion Lower-limb compression Pressure Venous flow

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Closed cranial window rodent model for investigating hemodynamic response to elevated intracranial pressure

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2021年第4期4卷 391-397页

作者： Matt T.Oberdier james f.Antaki Alexander Kharlamov Stephen C.Jones Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Anesthesiology Allegheny-Singer Research InstitutePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA

Background:Elevated intracranial pressure(ICP)occurs in several physiological and pathological conditions,yet long-term sequellae are not common,which implies that blood flow is preserved above ischemic ***:This pilot study sought to confirm this hypothesis using a closed cranial window model in a rat in which ICP was elevated to 120 mmHg for 12 min,and superficial cortical perfusion was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry and laser speckle ***:following a transient increase,cortical blood flow decreased to between 25%and 75%of *** levels correspond to disrupted metabolism and decreased protein synthesis but did not exceed thresholds for electrical signaling or membrane *** may partially explain how some episodes of elevated ICP remain ***:The closed cranial window model provides a platform for prospective study of physiologic responses to artificially elevated ICP during neurosurgery to promote hemostasis.

关键词： cerebrovascular circulation craniotomy hemodynamics hydrocephalus intracranial pressure perfusion

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Delayed reception of live blowfly (Calliphora vicina and Chrysomya rufifacies)larval samples: implications for minimum postmortem interval estimates

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forensic Sciences Research 2018年第1期3卷 27-39页

作者： Melanie S.Archer Stephanie D.Jones james f.Wallman Department of forensic Medicine Monash University/Victorian Institute of Forensic MedicineSouthbankAustralia Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions School of Biological SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongAustralia

forensic entomology evidence collected by police and mortuary staff may be delayed in getting to the *** samples may continue developing and alter minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) *** study investigated development of simulated evidential samples of Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy and Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) *** of each species were studied in three developmental classes: "small" (late second/early third instar),"mid" (mid third instar) and "large" (late third instar).Seven replicates of 11 maggots in each class were assigned without food to four treatments: (1) 24 h at 20 ℃;(2) 24 h at 4 ℃;(3) 48 h at 20 ℃ and (4) 48 h at 4 ℃.There was a significant difference in absolute length change across treatments,reflecting size for C vicina,and interaction between size,time and temperature for *** vicina maggots showed minimal mortality,and most second instar larvae moulted by the experiment's *** rufifacies showed heavy mortality and minimal moulting from the second to third *** "large" *** maggots kept at room temperature for 48 h *** these results confirm that development can continue in live unfed maggot samples after their collection,it is not advisable to delay their preservation.

关键词： forensic science forensic entomology forensic evidence larval development best practice sampling

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Sintering effects on chemical and physical properties of bioactive ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第3期2卷 274-284页

作者： Lukasz WITEK james SMAY Nelson R.f.A.SILVA Teja GUDA Joo L.ONG Paulo G.COELHO School of Chemical Engineering Oklahoma State University423 Engineering NorthStillwaterOKUSA Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics New York University345 East 24th Street804S New YorkNYUSA Department of Operative Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisPampulhaBelo HorizonteMGBrazil Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Texas San AntonioOne UTSA CircleSan AntonioTXUSA Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry College of DentistryNew York University345 East 24th StreetNew YorkNYUSA

The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical and physical properties of bioactive ceramics prepared from an aqueous paste containing hydroxyapatite(HA)and beta tri-calcium phosphate(β-TCP).Prior to formulating the paste,HA andβ-TCP were calcined at 800℃and 975℃(11 h),milled,and blended into 15%/85%HA/β-TCP volume-mixed *** cylindrical rods were subsequently sintered to 900℃,1100℃or 1250℃.The sintered specimens were characterized by helium pycnometry,X-ray diffraction(XRD),fourier transform-infrared(fT-IR),and inductively coupled plasma(ICP)spectroscopy for evaluation of porosity,crystalline phase,functional-groups,and Ca:P ratio,*** properties were assessed via 3-point bending and diametral *** microstructural evaluation using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)showed larger pores and a broader pore size distribution(PSD)for materials sintered at 900℃and 1100℃,whereas the 1250℃samples showed more uniform *** quantification showed significantly higher porosity for materials sintered to 900℃and 1250℃(pfrom the 15%/85%HA/β-TCP formulation following sintering where lower amounts of HA were observed when sintering temperature was *** testing demonstrated significant differences between calcination temperatures and different sintering regimes(pf bioactive ceramics were direct consequences of calcination and sintering.

关键词： bone graft material chemical/physical characterization sintering bi-phasic calcium phosphate(BCP)

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Like mother, like daughter： heritability of female Richardson＇s ground squirrel Urocitellus richardsonii cortisol stress responses

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 153-163页

作者： Kevin R. BAIROS-NOVAK Calen R RYAN Angela R. fREEMAN W. Gary ANDERSON james f, HARE Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2N2 Canada Departmentof Biology University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 5E2 Saskatchewan Canada Department ofAnthropology Northwestern University Evanston 60208 Illinois USA Department of Biological Sciences Kent State University Kent 44242 Ohio USA

Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis liberates glucocorticoids, which provides an acute indication of an individual＇s response to stressors. The heritability of the stress response in wild mammals, however, remains poorly documented. We quantified the cortisol stress response of female Richardson＇s ground squirrels （RGSs） to handling and physical restraint, testing for：（1） the effects of individual age, time of day, and sample latency; （2） repeatability within individuals; （3） narrow-sense heritability; and （4） differences among individuals owing to potential genetic and/or environmental effects. We detected a positive linear relationship between baseline plasma cortisol （BL-cortisol） concentration and stress-induced plasma cortisol （Sl-cortisol） concentration that defined each individual＇s cortisol stress response. BL-cortisol, SI-cortisol, and stress response did not differ according to the time the sample was taken, or by subject age. Cortisol stress response was highly repeatable within individuals, had a mother-offspring heritability of h2 =0.40 ± 0.24 （mean ±SE）, full-sibling heritability of h2s = 0.37 ± 0.71, and half-sibling heritabil- ity of hHS^2 = 0.75 ± 1.41. Stress responses of sibling groups, immediate-family groups, and squir- rels within a given area did not differ, whereas those of individuals from more distantly related matrilines did. Our results highlight the natural variability in HPA axis reactivity among individuals by quantifying both BL- and SI-cortisol levels, demonstrate partial heritability of the stress response that is not attributable to environmental variation, and suggest that at least part of an indi- vidual＇s stress response can be accounted for by differences in matrilineal history.

关键词： glucocorticoids ground squirrel heritability hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity stress response.

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Counting and Randomly Generating <i>k</i>-Ary Trees

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Applied Mathematics 2021年第12期12卷 1210-1215页

作者： james f. Korsh Computer and Information Science Department Temple University Philadelphia USA

k-ary trees are one of the most basic data structures in Computer Science. A new method is presented to determine how many there are with n nodes. This method gives additional insight into their structure and provides... 详细信息

关键词： Combinatorial Problems k-Ary Trees Random Generation

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ON TEMPERATURE INITIALIZATION IN PRIMITIVE EQUATION fORECAST MODELS

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1988年第2期5卷 195-208页

作者：沈如金,Elmar R.Reiter,james f.Bresch,张曙华 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academia Sinica Beijing Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University fort Collins Colorado 80523 U.S.A Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University fort Collins Colorado 80523 U.S.A Patent Office of China Beijing

four procedures of specifying model initial temperature were described and tested in the present study. It was found that the use of observed temperatures along with a proper vertical interpolation scheme was not only acceptable, but produced less error than the use of temperatures derived from geopotential height through the hydrostatic equation did. Use of the difference form of the hydrostatic equation would produce unacceptable errors in the initial temperatures, unrealistic horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature, and these errors would influence the calculalion of the pressure gradient force, resulting in substantial, artificial disturbances within the model *** addition, an approach to check the initial data was described. Taking advantage of the fact that the geostrophic wind in sigma coordinates should be nondivergent, geopotential height and temperature were used to calculate the pressure gradient force terms and an initial divergence of the geostrophic wind. This approach ca

关键词： ON TEMPERATURE INITIALIZATION IN PRIMITIVE EQUATION fORECAST MODELS than

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Role of calpain system in meat tenderness: A review

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food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第3期7卷 196-204页

作者： Z.f.Bhat james D.Morton Susan L.Mason Alaa El-Din A.Bekhit Department of Wine food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life SciencesLincoln UniversityLincoln7647ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of food Sciences University of OtagoP.O.Box 56Dunedin 9054New Zealand

Aging is a popular method used by meat industry for improving the sensory attributes of *** the advent of many novel technologies,aging has not lost its charm and is still widely used commercially as a post-mortem intervention for *** improves the tenderness of meat through disruption of the muscle structure by intracellular proteolytic *** undergo various molecular changes that cause proteolysis of key myofibrillar and cytoskeletal proteins,disrupting the overall integrity of muscle *** several endogenous proteolytic systems are capable of post-mortem proteolysis,a great body of scientific evidence supports a major role for the calpain *** are intracellular calcium-dependent cysteine proteases found in most *** least three calpains(μ-and m-calpains and calpain 3)and calpastatin,their specific endogenous inhibitor,are found in *** are known to be involved in the proteolysis of functionally relevant structural proteins such as the myofibrillar proteins and cytoskeletal anchorage *** ubiquitous proteases are also present in mitochondria and play important roles in a variety of pathophysiological conditions including apoptotic and necrotic cell death *** review discusses the role and contribution of the calpain system and the factors that influence calpain activity during aging.

关键词： Aging Tenderness Calpains Proteolysis Calpain activity factors

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Resection of pancreatic cystic neoplasms in recurrent acute pancreatitis prevents recurrent pancreatitis but does not identify more malignancies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第15期27卷 1630-1642页

作者： Thiruvengadam Muniraj Harry R Aslanian Loren Laine Priya A Jamidar james f farrell Kisha A Mitchell Ronald R Salem Section of Digestive Diseases Department of MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Pathology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Surgery Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States

BACKGROUND Recurrent acute pancreatitis(RAP)may be a presenting feature of and an indication for resection of pancreatic cysts,including intra-ductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN).few data are available regarding the prevalence of malignancy and post-operative RAP in this *** To study the role of resection to help prevent RAP and analyze if presentation as RAP would be a predictor for *** This retrospective study assessed 172 patients who underwent surgical resection of pancreatic cystic neoplasms at a university hospital between 2002 and *** prevalence of preoperative high-risk cyst features,and of neoplasia was compared between patients with and without *** identify the cause of pancreatitis,all the patients had a detailed history of alcohol,smoking,medications obtained,and had cross-sectional imaging(contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging)and endoscopic ultrasound to look for gallstone etiology and other structural causes for *** incidence of RAP post-resection was the primary *** IPMN accounted for 101 cases(58.7%){[branch duct(BD)59(34.3%),main duct(MD)42](24.4%)}.Twenty-nine(16.9%)presented with RAP(mean 2.2 episodes):15 had BD-IPMN,8 MD-IPMN,5 mucinous cystic neoplasm and 1 serous cystic *** was similar among those with vs without RAP for all patients[6/29(20.7%)vs 24/143(16.8%)]and IPMN patients[6/23(26.1%)vs 23/78(29.5%)],although tended to be higher with RAP in BD-IPMN,[5/15(33.3%)vs 3/44(6.8%),P=0.04].At mean follow-up of 7.2 years,1(3.4%)RAP patient had post-resection *** mean episodes of acute pancreatitis before vs after surgery were 3.4 vs 0.02(Pfic cyst characteristics were not clearly associated with *** incidence of RAP was markedly decreased in almost all patients following cyst resect

关键词： Pancreatic cyst Pancreatic neoplasm Pancreatitis Malignancies

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PRELIMINARY SCIENCE RESULTS fROM THE MARS PATHfINDER MISSION

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紫金山天文台台刊 1998年第2期 22-32页

作者： james f.Bell III Nicolas Thomas the Mars Pathfinder Science Team Cornell University Department of Astronomy Ithaca NY 14853-6801 USAMax Planck Institute für Aeronomie D-37189 Katlenberg-Lindau Germany

The NASA Mars Pathfinder mission successfully carried out the first robotic exploration of the Martian surface since the Viking Lander missions of the late 1970s. The mission is one of the new "Discovery class"spacecraft designed t0 demonstrate the concepts of low cost, rapid development, innovative technology, and small science and operational teams. Pathfinder landed on Mars on July 4, 1997 near 19°N, 33°W, at the mouth of an ancient outflow channel. The mission operated for 83 days on the Martian surface, returning thousands of multispectral images, millions of meteorological measurements, chemical analyses of nearly 20 rock and soil samples, and data from a number of other engineering and technology experiments. Key scientific results from the initial analyses of the compositional and mineralogic data returned include: (1)Evidence that some rocks at the landing site may have higher Si content than"typical"terrestrial basalts or the SNC meteorites, possibly implying a greater degree of crustal

关键词：初步成果火星探测器天文台紫金山宋本

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