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Discussion on the business performance of life insurance industries in Taiwan and china's Mainland Application of Metafrontier model

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chinese Business Review 2009年第9期8卷 30-43页

作者： james c. Hao Department of Insurance Tamkang University Tamsui 251 Taiwan

When using the Data Development Analysis method for analyzing the efficiency of different firms, it is common to put all similar DMU together for measurement in order to figure out the efficiency values of various DMU. However, such an analysis may easily neglect the source property of an individual DMU, meaning that the differences among various DMUs derive from different environmental backgrounds, e.g. environment variables such as economic civilization, laws and regulations, and political backgrounds. Applying the Metafrontier model can overcome the barriers resulting from the environment variables, and it can analyze and measure the differences among various DMUs which have different source properties. It can also be used for measuring the difference between each group of DMU and all DMUs. Therefore, this study adopts the DEA method, assuming variable returns to scale to evaluate and comparatively analyze the business performance of life insurance industries in Taiwan and china's Mainland based on ＂BBc input orientation＂. When evaluating the business performance, the operating management echelon is affected by uncontrollable external environment variables. Thus, this study applies the Four-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis to discuss the impact of environment variables on business performance and re-measures the business efficiency of life insurance industries in Taiwan and china's Mainland after adjusting the input variables. The demonstration period adopted by this study is from 2003 to 2005, and the research subject comprises 43 companies in Taiwan and china's Mainland, among which, there are 19 companies in Taiwan and 24 companies in china's Mainland, and there are 129 sets of sample data. It is assumed that the discount rate is ？（）, is set as 3% in this paper）, and figured out the change of each life insurance company in technical efficiency in the inter-period accumulative years from 2003 to 2005.

关键词： Metafrontier model Four-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis environment variables

Taxonomic and metabolic shifts in the coorong bacterial metagenome driven by salinity and external inputs

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2033-2049页

作者： Kelly NEWTON Thomas c.JEFFRIES Renee J.SMITH Justin R.SEYMOUR Laurent SEURONT james G.MITcHELL School of Biological Sciences Flinders University School of Science and Health Western Sydney University Flinders centre for Innovation in cancer Flinders University climate change cluster University of Technology Sydney centre National de la Recherche Scientifi que Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences

The coorong estuary lies at the terminus of Australia's largest river system, the Murray-Darling; both are strongly influenced by human activities; including farming and extensive flow modification. Metagenomic approaches were used to determine the planktonic bacterial community composition and potential metabolic function at two extremes in the coorong, the river mouth which exhibits marine-like salinity, and the hypersaline upper-reaches of the estuary. Significant shifts in taxa and metabolic function were seen between the two sites. The river mouth exhibited an increase in abundance of R hodobacteriaceae and Alteromonadaceae; families readily able to adapt to change in nutrient conditions; and the potentially pathogenic families B rucellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. Metabolisms over-represented include motility and chemotaxis, RNA metabolism and membrane transport, all of which are involved in actively searching for and obtaining nutrients. Also over-represented were metabolisms involved in population succession and stress response. An over-representation of taxa and metabolisms indicative of environmental change is reflective of anthropogenically af fected riverine input. In the hypersaline upper reaches of the estuary, the halophilic family Ectothiorhodospiraceae was over-represented, as were the families Flavobacteriaceae, cytophagaceae and Nocardioidaceae, members of which are able to survive over a wide salinity range. Metabolisms over-represented here were reflective of increased bacterial growth, characteristic of hypersaline environments, and included DNA metabolism, nucleotide and nucleoside synthesis and cell cycle. coorong metagenomes clustered taxonomically and metabolically with other planktonic metagenomes, but remained an outlier of this group with only 71% and 84% similarity, respectively. This indicates that the coorong exhibits a unique planktonic bacterial community that is influenced by riverine input at the river mouth and sali

关键词： hypersaline estuary bacteria taxonomy metabolic potential

An apatite U-Pb thermal history map for the northern Gawler craton,South Australia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1293-1308页

作者： james W.Hall Stijn Glorie Anthony J.Reid Samuel c.Boone Alan S.collins ANDrew Gleadow Tectonics Resources and Exploration (TRaX) Department of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide Geological Survey of South Australia Department of State Development School of Earth Sciences The University of Melbourne

Apatite U-Pb thermochronology was applied to granitoid basement samples across the northern Gawler craton to unravel the Proterozoic, post-orogenic, cooling history and to examine the role of major fault zones during cooling. Our observations indicate that cooling following the ~2500 Ma Sleaford Orogeny and ~1700 Ma Kimban Orogeny is restricted to the christie and Wilgena Domains of the central northern Gawler craton. The northern Gawler craton mainly records post-Hiltaba Event(~1590 Ma) U-Pb cooling ages. cooling following the ~1560 Ma Kararan Orogeny is preserved within the coober Pedy Ridge,Nawa Domain and along major shear zones within the south-western Fowler Domain. The Nawa Domain samples preserve U-Pb cooling ages that are >150 Ma younger than the samples within the coober Pedy Ridge and Fowler Domain, indicating that later(~1300 Ma) fault movement within the Nawa Domain facilitated cooling of these samples, caused by arc collision in the Madura Province of eastern Western Australia. When compared to^(40)Ar/^(39) Ar from muscovite, biotite and hornblende, our new apatite U-Pb ages correlate well, particularly in regions of higher data density. Our data also preserve a progressive younging of U-Pb ages from the nucleus of the craton to the periphery with a stark contrast in U-Pb ages across major structures such as the Karari Shear Zone and the Southern Overthrust, which indicates the timing of reactivation of these major crustal structures. Although this interpolation was based solely on thermochronological data and did not take into account structural or other geological data, these maps are consistent with the structural architecture of the Gawler craton and reveal the thermal footprint of known tectonic and magmatic events in the Gawler craton.

关键词： Apatite U-Pb Gawler craton Karari Shear Zone Thermochronology Hiltaba event

Some computer graphical user interfaces in radiation therapy

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第3期8卷 255-267页

作者： james c L chow Princess Margaret cancer center University Health Network Department of Radiation Oncology University of Toronto

In this review, five graphical user interfaces(GUIs) used in radiation therapy practices and researches are introduced. They are:(1) the treatment time calculator, superficialx-ray treatment time calculator(SUPcALc) used in the superficial X-ray radiation therapy;(2) the monitor unit calculator, electron monitor unit calculator(EMUc) used in the electron radiation therapy;(3) the multileaf collimator machine file creator, sliding window intensity modulated radiotherapy(SWIMRT) used in generating fluence map for research and quality assurance in intensity modulated radiation therapy;(4) the treatment planning system, DOScTP used in the calculation of 3D dose distribution using Monte carlo simulation; and(5) the monitor unit calculator, photon beam monitor unit calculator(PMUc) used in photon beam radiation therapy. One common issue of these GUIs is that all user-friendly interfaces are linked to complex formulas and algorithms based on various theories, which do not have to be understood and noted by the user. In that case, user only needs to input the required information with help from graphical elements in order to produce desired results. SUPcALc is a superficial radiation treatment time calculator using the GUI technique to provide a convenient way for radiation therapist to calculate the treatment time, and keep a record for the skin cancer patient. EMUc is an electron monitor unit calculator for electron radiation therapy. Instead of doing hand calculation according to pre-determined dosimetric tables, clinical user needs only to input the required drawing of electron field in computer graphical file format, prescription dose, and beam parameters to EMUc to calculate the required monitor unit for the electron beam treatment. EMUc is based on a semi-experimental theory of sector-integration algorithm. SWIMRT is a multileaf collimator machine file creator to generate a fluence map produced by a medical linear accelerator. This machine file controls the multileaf

关键词： Graphical user interface cancer treatment Treatment planning Radiotherapy Monitor unit calculation

Peace Theories & Quest for Peace: A cross-cultural Perspective

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2020年第10期8卷 419-425页

作者： james c.Hsiung New York University(NYU) New YorkUSA

Out of the plethora of peace theories,two stand out in particular:(a)the Kantian democratic theory of peace,which argues that peace depends on a league of democracies,and(b)the liberal economic theory of peace,that a free,open world market conduces to *** this essay,concrete examples are cited that would raise doubt on the validity of these *** then proceeds to examine whether culture would make a difference on the incidence of *** this light,the Westphalian system of states is compared with the historical chinese“tribute system”qua an inherent system of international *** distinct difference is found in the much lower incidence of wars in the latter system,as David Kang’s study identified that in 5 centuries(1368-1841)the chinese tribute system had only two interstate wars within its circle of members,not counting the wars initiated by external,ex-regional Western ***,the religious wars that plagued the West were never found in the chinese tribute *** search of an answer to this almost incredible record of low incidence of war,this essay finds that the confucian culture,with its emphasis on harmony and harmonization of opposites,in contradistinction to the teachings on conflict in Abrahamic cultures,seems to hold the key to an *** so,culture,rather than institutions(such as democracies,open world market,etc.)deserves to be seriously considered as a relevant factor contributing to *** importantly,culture as such can be taught and disseminated,including through the classroom.

关键词： Democratic Peace long peace Liberal Economic Theory of Peace clash v.harmonization civilizations cultures geoeconomics Westphalia System SiniticTribute System

Role of hepatitis A virus in diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第11期12卷 1928-1941页

作者： james Lin Horng-Yih Ou Rudruidee Karnchanasorn Raynald Samoa Lee-Ming chuang Ken c chiu Department of Gastroenterology City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010United States Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng-Kung University Medical College and HospitalTainan 700Taiwan Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and GeneticsDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160United States Department of clinical Diabetes Endocrinologyand MetabolismDiabetes and Metabolism Research InstituteCity of Hope National Medical CenterDuarteCA 91010United States Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and NutritionDepartment of Internal MedicineHarbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States of America Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University HospitalTaipei 102Taiwan Graduate Institute of Preventive Medicine School of Public HealthTaipei 102Taiwan

BAcKGROUND Although much information is available regarding hepatitis c virus infection and diabetes,less is known about the relationship between hepatitis A virus(HAV)infection and *** To examine the roles of HAV in diabetes *** This cross-sectional study population included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between *** subjects(≥20 years old)with available body mass index measurements,defined diabetes status,history of HAV vaccination,and HAV serology were *** vaccination was based on self-reported *** HAV immunization was defined as the presence of both vaccination and anti-HAV *** infection was defined by the absence of vaccination but presence of anti-hepatitis A *** odds ratio(OR)for diabetes with 95%confidence intervals(95%cI)was calculated for each HAV status and then adjusted for *** tests,based on different definitions of diabetes,were performed to verify the *** Among 19942 subjects,4229 subjects(21.21%)received HAV vaccination and HAV antibody was present in 9224 subjects(46.25%).Although HAV infection was associated with an increased risk of diabetes(OR:1.13;95%cI:1.08-1.18),HAV vaccination was not associated with diabetes(OR:1.06;95%cI:0.95-1.18),and successful HAV immunization had no impact on the risk of diabetes(OR:1.11;95%cI:0.97-1.27).Thus,HAV infection was an unlikely cause of ***,in non-vaccinated subjects,diabetes increased the risk of HAV infection by 40%(OR:1.40,95%cI:1.27-1.54).cONcLUSION An association between HAV infection and diabetes is observed which is best explained by an increased risk of HAV infection in diabetic *** subjects are more susceptible to ***,HAV vaccination is highly recommended in diabetic patients.

关键词： Vaccination Immunization Viral hepatitis Liver Glucose metabolism Diabetes mellitus

Efficient and interpretable graph network representation for angle-dependent properties applied to optical spectroscopy

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npj computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1434-1442页

作者： Tim Hsu Tuan Anh Pham Nathan Keilbart Stephen Weitzner james chapman Penghao Xiao S.Roger Qiu Xiao chen Brandon c.Wood center for Applied Scientific computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada

Graph neural networks are attractive for learning properties of atomic structures thanks to their intuitive graph encoding of atoms and ***,conventional encoding does not include angular information,which is critical for describing atomic arrangements in disordered *** this work,we extend the recently proposed ALIGNN(Atomistic Line Graph Neural Network)encoding,which incorporates bond angles,to also include dihedral angles(ALIGNN-d).This simple extension leads to a memory-efficient graph representation that captures the complete geometry of atomic ***-d is applied to predict the infrared optical response of dynamically disordered cu(II)aqua complexes,leveraging the intrinsic interpretability to elucidate the relative contributions of individual structural *** and dihedral angles are found to be critical contributors to the fine structure of the absorption response,with distortions that represent transitions between more common geometries exhibiting the strongest absorption *** directions for further development of ALIGNN-d are discussed.

关键词： representation disordered absorption

Soil-transmitted helminth egg contamination from soil of indigenous communities in selected barangays in Tigaon, camarines Sur, Philippines

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第9期13卷 409-414页

作者： james Owen c.Delaluna Mary Jane c.Flores Vicente Y.Belizario Jr. Jose Isagani B.Janairo Derick Erl P.Sumalapao Biology Department College of ScienceDe La Salle UniversityManila Philippines Biological control Research Unit Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental ResearchDe La Salle UniversityManila Philippines Department of Parasitology College of Public HealthUniversity of the PhilippinesManila Philippines Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Public HealthUniversity of the PhilippinesManila Philippines

Objective:To provide baseline data on the prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminthiasis egg contamination in the soil among indigenous ***:A total of 317 soil samples from three barangays of indigenous communities communities in Tigaon,camarines Sur,Philippines were examined for soil-transmitted helminthiasis egg contamination using optimized sugar flotation ***:Of the soil samples examined,141(44.48%)were contaminated by Ascaris spp.,Toxocara spp.,and Trichuris *** cumulative prevalence varying across the study sites(Pcaris *** predominant in all study sites,followed by Toxocara *** Trichuris *** a prevalence of 41.96%,7.57%,and 5.36%,***,Toxocara *** the highest intensity of contamination,followed by Ascaris *** Trichuris *** term of geometric mean soil-transmitted helminthiasis eggs recovered per one gram soil sample(34.25,21.45,and 11.85 respectively).Each study site harbors significant amount of soiltransmitted helminthiasis eggs and zoonotic Toxocara eggs,which present high risk of soil-transmitted helminthiasis infection,particularly among children observed to play and cohabitate with animals known to be hosts of these ***:The alarming rate of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and Toxocara egg contamination reported in this study suggests that additional measures should be undertaken to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis and zoonotic intestinal infections in the country.

关键词： Indigenous peoples Soil-transmitted helminths Ascaris Toxocara Trichuris Public health

Femoral lengthening in young patients:An evidence-based comparison between motorized lengthening nails and external fixation

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第11期12卷 909-919页

作者： Mohamed Hafez Nicolas Nicolaou Amaka c Offiah Stephen Giles Sanjeev Madan james A Fernandes Department of Oncology and Metabolism Sheffield UniversitySheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Department of Paedaiatric Limb Reconstruction Sheffield Children HospitalSheffield S102THUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology Sheffield Children HospitalSheffield S102THUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Sheffield Children HospitalSheffield S102ThUnited Kingdom

BAcKGROUND Femoral lengthening is a procedure of great importance in the treatment of congenital and acquired limb *** advances have led to the latest designs of fully implantable motorized intramedullary lengthening *** use of these nails has increased over the last few *** To review and critically appraise the literature comparing the outcome of femoral lengthening in children using intramedullary motorized lengthening nails to external *** Electronic databases(MEDLINE,cINAHL,EMBASE,cochrane)were systematically searched in November 2019 for studies comparing the outcome of femoral lengthening in children using magnetic lengthening nails and external *** outcomes included amount of gained length,healing index,complications and patient reported *** Of the 452 identified studies,only two(retrospective and non-randomized)met the inclusion criteria.A total of 91 femora were *** both studies,the age of patients treated with nails ranged from 15 to 21 years compared to 9 to 15 years for patients in the external fixation *** devices achieved the target *** of adverse events was less in the nail(60%-73%)than in the external fixation(81%-100%)*** of the studies presented patient reported *** The clinical effectiveness of motorized nails is equivalent or superior to external fixation for femoral lengthening in young *** available literature is limited and does not provide evidence on patient quality of life or cost effectiveness of the interventions.

关键词： Lengthening nails Motorized nails Distraction ostepgenesis Lengthening