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Co-morbidity of malnutrition with falciparum malaria parasitaemia among children under the aged 6-59 months in Somalia:a geostatistical analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 714-722页

作者： Damaris K.Kinyoki Grainne M.Moloney Olalekan A.Uthman Elijah O.Odundo Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala Abdisalan M.Noor Robert W.Snow james a.berkley Spatial Health Metrics Group INFORM ProjectKenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research ProgrammeNairobiKenya Nutrition Section United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF)Kenya Country OfficeUN Complex GigiriNairobiKenya Warwick Medical School Health Sciences Research InstituteWarwick EvidenceUniversity of WarwickGibbet HillCoventry CV47ALUK Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit(FSNAU)-Somalia Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsNgecha Road CampusNairobiKenya Department of Mathematics and Information sciences Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences University of AgderKristiansandNorway Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research(coast)KilifiKenya Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OxfordCCVTMOxford OX37LJUK

Background:Malnutrition and malaria are both significant causes of morbidity and mortality in African ***,the extent of their spatial comorbidity remains unexplored and an understanding of their spatial correlation structure would inform improvement of integrated *** aimed to determine the spatial correlation between both wasting and low mid upper arm circumference(MUAC)and falciparum malaria among Somalian children aged 6-59 ***:Data were from 49227 children living in 888 villages between 2007 to *** developed a Bayesian geostatistical shared component model in order to determine the common spatial distributions of wasting and falciparum malaria;and low-MUAC and falciparum malaria at 1×1 km spatial ***:The empirical correlations with malaria were 0.16 and 0.23 for wasting and low-MUAC *** spatial residual effects were statistically significant for both wasting and *** posterior spatial relative risk was highest for low-MUAC and malaria(range:0.19 to 5.40)and relatively lower between wasting and malaria(range:0.11 to 3.55).Hotspots for both wasting and low-MUAC with malaria occurred in the South Central region in ***:The findings demonstrate a relationship between nutritional status and falciparum malaria parasitaemia,and support the use of the relatively simpler MUAC measurement in *** spatial distribution and distinct hotspots present opportunities for targeted seasonal chemoprophylaxis and other forms of malaria prevention integrated within nutrition programmes.

关键词： Malnutrition Wasting Low-MUAC Malaria Comorbidity Somalia

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Performance of three rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of Cryptosporidium *** Giardia duodenalis in children with severe acute malnutrition and diarrhoea

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第6期8卷 76-83页

作者： Joseph Bitilinyu-Bangoh Wieger Voskuijl Johnstone Thitiri Sandra Meriting Nienke Verhaar Laura Mwalekwa Daisy B.de Jong Merlin van Loenen Petra F.Mens james a.berkley Robert H.J.Bandsma Henk D.F.H.Schallig Academ ic Medical Centre Department of Medical MicrobiologyParasitology UnitAmsterdam University Medical CentresMeibergdreef 91105AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital BlantyreMalawi College of Medicine Department of Paediatrics and Child HealthUniversity of MalawiBlantyreMalawi Global Child Health Group Emma Children's HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CentresAmsterdamThe Netherlands The Childhood Acute Illness and Nutrition Network(CHAIN) NairobiKenya KEMRIA/Vellcome Trust Research Programme KilifiKenya Translational Medicine Program Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada

Background:There is significant need for accurate diagnostic tools for Cryptosporidium *** Qiordia duodenalis infections in resource limited countries where diarrhoeal disease caused by these parasites is often *** present study assessed the diagnostic performance of three commercially available rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs)based on faecal-antigen detection for Cryptosporidium ***/or *** infections in stool samples of children admitted with severe acute malnutrition(SAM)and *** established multiplex PCR was used as reference ***:Stool samples from children with SAM and diarrhoea enrolled in a randomized controlled trial(registered at ***/ct2/show/NCT02246296)in Malawi(n=175)and Kenya(n=120)between December 2014 and December 2015 were analysed by a multiplex PCR for the presence of Cryptosporidium sppv *** or Entomoebo histolytica parasite ***-positive samples were species typed using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.A sub-sample of the stool specimens(n=236)was used for testing with three different *** accuracy of the tests under evaluation was assessed using the results of PCR as reference standard using MedCalc *** Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to determine(significant)difference between the number of cryptosporidiosis or giardiasis cases found by PCR in Malawi and *** overall diagnostic accuracy of each RDT was calculated by plotting a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for each test and to determine the area under the curve(AUC)using SPSS8 ***:Prevalence of Cryptosporidium *** PCR was 20.0 and 21.7%in Malawi and Kenya respectively,mostly *** prevalence was 23.4 and 5.8%in Malawi and Kenya respectively.E histolytica was not detected by *** testing followed the same pattern of *** sensitivities ranged for cryptosporidiosis from 42.9 to 76.9%and for ***

关键词： Diagnosis Cryptosporidium Giordio Rapid diagnostic test Severe acute malnutrition

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Life Stage, Gender and Movement of Blue Crabs (Callinectes sapidus) in Lake Mattamuskeet and Connecting Canals

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Journal of Fisheries Science 2019年第2期1卷 7-19页

作者： Julia Chen Rinaldi james Hench M.Zachary Darnell Matthew Kukurugya Daniel Rittschof Stantec 265 Clinton StBrooklynNY11201202-494-4462United States 135 Duke Marine Lab Road MSC Nicholas SchoolDuke University BeaufortNC 2851650-759-6639United States Gulf Coast Research Lab 703 E.Beach Dr.Ocean SpringsMS 39564Division of Coastal SciencesSchool of Ocean Science and EngineeringThe University of Southern Mississippi228-872-4298United States Molecular and Cell Biology UC berkley 635 Tennessee St.San FranciscoCA 94107219-793-4375United States MSC Nicholas SchoolDuke University135 Duke Marine Lab RoadBeaufortNC 28516252-504-7634United States

In their ranges on east and south coasts of the Americas as well as their established invasions in the Adriatic and Baltic,blue crabs,Callinectes sapidus,inhabit estuaries,sounds and coastal oceans and are commercially and ecologically *** crabs move in response to physical variables is important to *** monitored life stages at canal control structures,assessed gender ratios with recreational crabbing,learned from crabbers,and studied movements of tagged crabs in a canal connecting Lake Mattamuskeet to the Pamlico *** enter the lake through two of 4 canals connecting to the *** migrate out through one *** lake standing population is about 70% *** of 240 crabs in August 2012 and 102 crabs in October 2014 were quantified using RFID tags with co-located meteorological and oceanographic ***-spawning females and males are *** released in the canal move in response to changes in water depth and go with the flow,toward the Pamlico Sound(summer 76% and fall 78%).What crabbers describe as a fall migration appears to be concentration of crabs in warmer deeper canals and then southern movement with flow generated by strong north *** be effective,management strategies like migratory corridors require understanding of crab movements.

关键词： Crabs Meteorology Oceanography Movement Foraging Migration RFID Tagging Life History

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疫苗不平等阻碍全球抗疫

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商业周刊（中文版） 2021年第15期 68-73页

作者： Stephanie Baker james Paton 汪泽(译) 不详

2020年1月23日,两位美国医生在瑞士达沃斯硬石酒店(Hard Rock Hotel)的酒吧见面,讨论疫苗的事情。他们是塞思·伯克利(Seth berkley)和理查德·海契特(Richard Hatchett)。当时,人们不知道针对这种病毒所致疾病的有效疫苗能够多快开发出... 详细信息

2020年1月23日,两位美国医生在瑞士达沃斯硬石酒店(Hard Rock Hotel)的酒吧见面,讨论疫苗的事情。他们是塞思·伯克利(Seth berkley)和理查德·海契特(Richard Hatchett)。当时,人们不知道针对这种病毒所致疾病的有效疫苗能够多快开发出来,甚至能否问世。不过,身为流行病学家的伯克利却在思索一旦新冠病毒席卷全球,危机将如何发展。

关键词：有效疫苗流行病学家达沃斯伯克利

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