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Vertebrate pesticide risk assessment by indigenous communities in New Zealand

Integrative Zoology 2010年第1期5卷 37-43页

作者： Shaun C.OgILVIE james M.ATARIA james WAIWAI james DOHERTY Aroha MILLER james g.ross Charles T.EASON Ecology Department Lincoln UniversityLincolnCanterburyNew Zealand Landcare Research LincolnCanterburyNew Zealand Lake Waikaremoana Hapu Restoration Trust TuaiNew Zealand Tuhoe Tuawhenua Trust MuruparaNew Zealand

In New Zealand,the vertebrate pesticide sodium fluoroacetate(Compound 1080)is aerially applied in baits for control of the brush-tailed possum Trichosurus vulpecula(Kerr,1792).Maori,the indigenous people of New Zealand,have raised concerns about 1080 impacts on culturally-important ***,we outline two steps taken to help Maori assess 1080 ***,field research was undertaken to determine if naturally-occurring plants utilized by a Maori community for food and medicine would take up 1080 from *** baits were placed at the base of individual plants of two species,pikopiko(Asplenium bulbiferum)and karamuramu(Coprosma robusta).Plants were sampled at various times up to 56 days,and samples were analyzed for 1080 *** 1080 was detected in any of the pikopiko samples,whereas 1080 was detected in karamuramu,at a maximum concentration of 5 ppb after seven days,and 2.5 ppb after 14 *** concentration decreased to 0 at 28 days,indicating that 1080 was not *** results of the present study suggest there is negligible risk of humans being poisoned by consum-ing plants that have taken up 1080 from *** allay community concerns that minute concentrations of 1080 might influence the medicinal properties of plants,it is suggested that a withholding period of 30 days after 1080 control operations could be ***,after further consultation we undertook a review of the scientific literature relating to 1080 impacts on additional non-target species of cultural importance to *** information was presented on an interactive foodweb database that allowed the collection and presentation of a large volume of complex information about 1080 in a holistic and pictorial *** database was presented to many Maori communities throughout New Zealand,and feedback was overwhelmingly *** database is likely to play a key role in informing these communities about 1080,and is seen as an important new tool to help these communities

关键词： 1080 indigenous communities Maori risk assessment sodium fluoroacetate

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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl Lászlógál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl james Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNgCs). However, the use of tNgCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNgC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNgCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNgCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNgCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNgCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNgCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNgCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNgCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Impact of source tissue and ex vivo expansion on the characterization of goat mesenchymal stem cells

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 230-251页

作者： Nuradilla Mohamad-Fauzi Pablo J ross Elizabeth A Maga james D Murray Department of Animal Science University of California Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Malaya Department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California

Background： There is considerable interest in using goats as models for genetically engineering dairy animals and also for using stem cells as therapeutics for bone and cartilage repair. Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have been isolated and characterized from various species, but are poorly characterized in goats. Results： goat MSCs isolated from bone marrow （BM-MSCs） and adipose tissue （ASCs） have the ability to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Cytochemical staining and gene expression analysis show that ASCs have a greater capacity for adipogenic differentiation compared to BM-MSCs and fibroblasts. Different methods of inducing adipogenesis also affect the extent and profile of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs. goat fibroblasts were not capable of osteogenesis, hence distinguishing them from the MSCs. goat MSCs and fibroblasts express CD90, CD105, CD73 but not CD45, and exhibit cytoplasmic localization of OCT4 protein. goat MSCs can be stably transfected by Nucleofection, but, as evidenced by colony-forming efficiency （CFE）, yield significantly different levels of progenitor cells that are robust enough to proliferate into colonies of integrants following g418 selection. BM-MSCs expanded over increasing passages in vitro maintained karyotypic stability up to 20 passages in culture, exhibited an increase in adipogenic differentiation and CFE, but showed altered morphology and amenability to genetic modification by selection. Conclusions： Our findings provide characterization information on goat MSCs, and show that there can be significant differences between MSCs isolated from different tissues and from within the same tissue. Fibroblasts do not exhibit trilineage differentiation potential at the same capacity as MSCs, making it a more reliable method for distinguishing MSCs from fibroblasts, compared to cell surface marker expression.

关键词： Adipose Bone marrow Characterization Differentiation goat Mesenchymal stem cells

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The Mysterious Mid-Carnian “Wet Intermezzo” global Event

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第2期26卷 181-191页

作者： james g.Ogg Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Purdue University Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences

Approximately 230 million years ago in the middle of the Carnian stage of the Upper Triassic, the sedimentary records in different regional basins display dramatic changes. Tropical carbonate platforms abruptly ended, and engorged river systems left widespread sand-rich layers across inland basins and coastal regions. This pulse lasted less than a million years in some basins, but constituted a permanent shift in others. Following this event, the Late Carnian has the earliest record of significant dinosaurs on land and the emergence of the calcareous nannoplankton in the oceans that now govern Earth＇s carbon cycle. This ＂most distinctive climate change within the Tri- assic＂ has been interpreted by some geoscientists as a global disruption of the Earth＇s land-ocean-biological system. The eruption of the Wrangellia large igneous province may have been the trigger for a sudden carbon-dioxide-induced warming and associated increased rainfall in some of these regions. Indeed, some workers have proposed that this ＂wet intermezzo＂ warming event is a useful analog to aid in predicting the effects of our future greenhouse on land ecosystems and ocean chemistry. However, the understanding of the onset, duration, global impacts and relatively rapid termination of this postulated warming pulse has been hindered by lack of a global dataset with inter-calibrated terrestrial and marine biostratigraphy, precise radio-isotopic ages, stable isotope records of temperature and the carbon system, and cycle-calibrated rates of regional and global change.

关键词： Triassic Carnian climate pluvial Wrangellia carbon isotope excursion dolomite China LIP Yangtze Platform Wet Intermezzo large igneous province.

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Compressing local atomic neighbourhood descriptors

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1593-1605页

作者： james P.Darby james R.Kermode gábor Csányi Engineering Dept University of CambridgeTrumpington StCambridgeCB21PZUK Warwick Centre for Predictive Modelling School of EngineeringUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV47ALUK

Many atomic descriptors are currently limited by their unfavourable scaling with the number of chemical elements S *** length of body-ordered descriptors,such as the SOAP power spectrum(3-body)and the(ACE)(multiple body-orders),scales as(NS)^(ν)whereν+1 is the body-order and N is the number of radial basis functions used in the density *** introduce two distinct approaches which can be used to overcome this scaling for the SOAP power ***,we show that the power spectrum is amenable to lossless compression with respect to both S and N,so that the descriptor length can be reduced from O(N^(2)S^(2))to O(NS).Secondly,we introduce a generalised SOAP kernel,where compression is achieved through the use of the total,element agnostic density,in combination with radial *** ideas used in the generalised kernel are equally applicably to any other body-ordered descriptors and we demonstrate this for the(ACSF).

关键词： SOAP scaling kernel

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Sampling lattices in semi-grand canonical ensemble with autoregressive machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 588-597页

作者： james Damewood Daniel Schwalbe-Koda Rafael gómez-Bombarelli Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02319USA

Calculating thermodynamic potentials and observables efficiently and accurately is key for the application of statistical mechanics simulations to materials ***,naive Monte Carlo approaches,on which such calculations are often dependent,struggle to scale to complex materials in many state-of-the-art disciplines such as the design of high entropy alloys or multi-component *** address this issue,we adapt sampling tools built upon machine learning-based generative modeling to the materials space by transforming them into the semi-grand canonical ***,we show that the resulting models are transferable across wide ranges of thermodynamic conditions and can be implemented with any internal energy model U,allowing integration into many existing materials *** demonstrate the applicability of this approach to the simulation of benchmark systems (AgPd,CuAu) that exhibit diverse thermodynamic behavior in their phase ***,we discuss remaining challenges in model development and promising research directions for future improvements.

关键词： canonical thermodynamic directions

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Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography with femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser and photonic crystal fiber

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第13期53卷 1963-1966页

作者： XUE Ping james g FUJIMOTO Department of Physics Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139-4307 USA

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) with ultrahigh axial resolution was achieved by the super-contin-uum generated by coupling femtosecond pulses from a commercial Ti:sapphire laser into an air-silica microstructure fiber. The visible spectrum of the super-continuum from 450 to 700 nm centered at 540 nm can be generated. A free-space axial OCT resolution of 0.64 μm was achieved. The sensitivity of OCT system was 108 dB with incident light power 3 mW at sample,only 7dB below the theoretical limit. Subcellular OCT imaging was also demonstrated,showing great potential for biomedical application.

关键词： X线摄影连续介质晶体纤维蓝宝石激光

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Inhibition of gABAA-ρreceptors induces retina regeneration in zebrafish

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 367-374页

作者： Matthew R.Kent Nergis Kara james g.Patton Department of Biological Sciences Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

A potential treatment for retinal diseases is to induce an endogenous Müller glia(Mg)-derived regenerative response to replace damaged *** contrast to mammalian Mg,zebrafish Mg are capable of mediating spontaneous *** seek to define the mechanisms that enable retina regeneration in zebrafish in order to identify therapeutic targets to induce mammalian retina *** previously used pharmacological and genetic methods to inhibit gamma aminobutyric acid A(gABAA)receptors in undamaged zebrafish retinas and showed that such inhibition could induce initiation of retina regeneration,as measured by the dedifferentiation of Mg and the appearance of Mg-derived proliferating progenitor ***,we show that inhibition of a pharmacologically distinct subset of gABAA receptors(gABAA-ρ)can also induce retina *** inhibition of both gABA receptor subtypes led to enhanced retina *** expression analyses indicate that inhibition of gABAA-ρreceptors induces a canonical retinal regenerative *** results support a model in which decreased levels of gABA,such as would occur after retinal cell death or damage,induce dedifferentiation of Mg and the generation of proliferating progenitor cells during zebrafish retina *** experiments were approved by the Vanderbilt's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(Protocol M1800200)on January 29,2019.

关键词： gamma aminobutyric acid morpholino Müller glia neurotransmitter regeneration retina stem cells zebrafish

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Rethinking Bank Regulation : Till Angels govern

Rethinking Bank Regulation : Till Angels Govern

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2006年

作者： Barth, james R. Caprio, gerard Levine, ross

ISBN: (纸本)9780521855761;9780511137600

This volume assembles and presents a database on bank regulation in over 150 countries (included also on CD). It offered the first comprehensive cross-country assessment of the impact of bank regulation on the operation of banks, and assesses the validity of the Basel Committee''s influential approach to bank regulation. The treatment also provides an empirical evaluation of the historic debate about the proper role of government in the economy by studying bank regulation and analyzes the role of politics in determining regulatory approaches to banking. The data also indicate that restrictions on the entry of banks, government ownership of banks, and restrictions on bank activities hurt banking system performance. The authors find that domestic political factors shape both regulations and their effectiveness.

关键词： Banking law Banks and banking--State supervision Banks and banking--government policy

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Probabilistic assessment of surface level seismic hazard in India using topographic gradient as a proxy for site condition

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geoscience Frontiers 2015年第6期6卷 847-859页

作者： T.g.Sitharam Sreevalsa Kolathayar Naveen james Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Science Department of Civil Engineering Indian School of Mines

This paper presents spatial variation of seismic hazard at the surface level for India,covering 6-38°N and 68-98°*** most recent knowledge on seismic activity in the region has been used to evaluate the hazard incorporating uncertainties associated with the seismicity parameters using different modeling *** types of seismic source models,*** sources,gridded seismicity model and areal sources,were considered to model the seismic sources and different sets of ground motion prediction equations were used for different tectonic provinces to characterize the attenuation *** hazard estimation at bedrock level has been carried out using probabilistic approach and the results obtained from various methodologies were combined in a logic tree *** seismic site characterization of India was done using topographic slope map derived from Digital Elevation Model *** paper presents estimation of the hazard at surface level,using appropriate site amplification factors corresponding to various site classes based on V_（S30） values derived from the topographic *** variation of surface level peak horizontal acceleration（PHA） for return periods of 475 years and 2475 years are presented as contour maps.

关键词： PSHA PgA Topography Site amplification India

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