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A comparison of gene expression in mouse liver and kidney in obstructive cholestasis utilizing high-density oligonucleotide microarray technology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第16期12卷 2536-2548页

作者： Gerald U Denk Shi-Ying Cai Wen-Sheng Chen Aiping lin Carol J Soroka james l Boyer liver Center Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut United States W. M. Keck Biotechnology Resource laboratory Yale University School of Medicine New Haven ConnecticutUnited States Department of Medicine II-GroBhadem LudwigMaximilians University Miinchen Germany Department of Gastroenterology Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038China

AIM： To assess the effects of obstructive cholestasis on a wider range of gene expression using microarray technology. METHODS： Male C57BI_/6J mice underwent common bile duct ligation （BDl） and were matched with pairfed sham-operated controls. After 7 d, the animals were sacrificed and total RNA was isolated from livers and kidneys. Equal amounts of RNA from each tissue were pooled for each group and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip^MG-U74Av2 containing a total of 12488 probe sets. Data analysis was performed using GeneSpring 6.0 software. Northern analysis and immunofluorescence were used for validation. RESUlTS： In sham-operated and BDl mice, 44 and 50% of 12488 genes were expressed in livers, whereas 49 and 51% were expressed in kidneys, respectively. Seven days after BDl, 265 liver and 112 kidney genes with GeneOntology annotation were up-regulated and 113 liver and 36 kidney genes were down-regulated in comparison with sham-operated controls. Many genes were commonly regulated in both tissues and metabolism-related genes represented the largest functional group. CONClUSION： Following BDl, microarray analysis reveals a broad range of gene alterations in both liver and kidney.

关键词： Bile duct ligation Cholestasis Kidney liver Microarray

Geochronology,Mineralogy,and Geochemistry of the Tonsteins from the Permo–Carboniferous Benxi Formation,Ordos Basin,North China Craton

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第5期97卷 1355-1371页

作者： WANG luojing lÜDawei ZHANG Zhihui james C.HOWER Munira RAJI ZHANG Yushuai SHEN Yangyang GAO Jie Shandong Provincial Key laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals College of Earth Sciences and EngineeringShandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy ResearchLexingtonKY 40511USA Sustainable Earth Institute University of PlymouthDevon PL48AAUK

Tonstein layers are found worldwide in the Permo-Carboniferous coal-bearing *** study investigates the geochronology,mineralogy,and geochemistry of four tonstein samples from the Permo-Carboniferous Benxi Formation,Ordos Basin,North China Craton(NCC).The typical features of the studied tonsteins include thin beds,lateral continuity,angular quartz grains,and euhedral zircons with similar U-Pb ages,indicating a significant pyroclastic *** addition,the tonstein samples have low TiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)ratios(lements and yttrium(REY)concentrations with obvious negative Eu anomalies,indicating that the tonsteins have a felsic magma ***,compared with the mean composition of clay shale,the studied tonsteins are characterized by high concentrations of the elements Nb and Ta,which may affect the concentration of the corresponding elements in surrounding coal *** zircon U-Pb ages of the tonsteins(293.9-298.8 Ma)provide a precise chronological framework on the Benxi Formation in the Ordos Basin,constraining the Gzhelian-Aselian *** tonsteins were probably sourced from arc volcanism along the western margin of the NCC during the early Permian,implying that the Alxa Terrane had not amalgamated with the NCC at that time.

关键词： tonsteins geochemistry Permo–Carboniferous North China Craton

A first assessment of Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 225-244页

作者： Alba Yánez Manuela Dal-Forno Frank Bungartz Robert lücking james D.lawrey Biodiversity Assessment Charles Darwin Foundation(AISBL)Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosEcuador Universidad Central del Ecuador QuitoEcuador Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Botany The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA

As part of an ongoing comprehensive inventory of Galapagos lichens,a first assessment of the morphology and anatomy of basidiolichens from the archipelago is presented *** is the basis for further studies of the taxonomy,ecology and biogeography of this poorly known group of *** genera,all in Hygrophoraceae,can be distinguished:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum and *** Acantholichen and Cora are characterized by chroococcoid cyanobionts and a heteromerous thallus with a distinct upper cortex and photobiont *** monotypic Acantholichen pannarioides is entirely composed of small,branched,inflated squamules that appear densely pruinose because their cortical hyphae bear characteristically swollen,densely spinose end cells(acanthohyphidia);this species has never been observed *** common Cora glabrata is foliose,forming large,radially zonate,conch-like,often tiled thalli,when fertile with circular lines of basidiocarps on its lower *** is distinguished by filamentous cyanobionts and distinctly filamentous thalli that are homomereous(i.e.,not distinctly layered);all species of Dictyonema *** trichomes(filamentose cyanobacterial photobionts)closely enveloped by fungal cells of a jigsaw *** *** thallus filaments(i.e.,individual fibrils)aggregate to form shelf-like structures similar in appearance to polyporoid bracket fungi;basidiocarps develop in irregular patches on the lower side of these *** contrast,fibrils of *** grow encrusting their substrate with irregularly to suberect trichomes,occasionally bearing basidiocarps dispersed across the *** other species in Galapagos show adpressed growth form and are described here as new:Dictyonema pectinatum,which is characterized by large parallel fibrils with paler,papillate tips,and ***,characterized by thin trichomes of more squarrish elongate *** genus Cyphellostereum is represented by two species:the newly describ

关键词： Census of Galapagos Biodiversity Galapagos lichen Inventory Acantholichen Cora Cyphellostereum Dictyonema

The use of feed-grade amino acids in lactating sow diets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第2期9卷 399-406页

作者： laura Greiner Pairat Srichana james l.Usry Casey Neill Gary l.Allee Joseph Connor Kevin J.Touchette Christopher D.Knight Carthage Innovative Sow Solutions LLCCarthageIL 62321USA Department of Animal Science University of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbiaMO 65211USA Charoen Pokphand Group Co. Ltd.14th Floor313 Silom Rd.BangrakBangkok 10500Thailand Ajinomoto Heartland Inc.ChicagoIL 60631USA Micronutrients 1550 Research WayIndianapolisIN 46231USA PIC HendersonvilleTN 37075USA Pipestone USA Novus International Inc.St.CharlesMO 63304USA

Background: The use of feed grade amino acids can reduce the cost of lactation feed. With changing genetics,increasing feed costs, and higher number of pigs weaned with heavier wean weights further evaluation of higher inclusion levels of feed-grade amino acid in lactation diets than previously published is warranted. Two experiments(Exp.) were conducted to determine the optimal inclusion level of l-lysine HCl to be included in swine lactation diets while digestible lysine levels remain constant across dietary treatments and allowing feed grade amino acids to be added to the diet to maintain dietary ratios relative to lysine to maximize litter growth rate and sow reproductive performance. Furthermore, the studies were to evaluate minimal amino acid ratios relative to lysine that allows for optimal litter growth rate and sow reproductive ***: Exp. 1: Increasing l-lysine HCl resulted in similar gilt feed intake, litter, and reproductive *** litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.51, 2.49, 2.59, 2.43, and 2.65 kg/d when gilts were fed 0.00, 0.075,0.150, 0.225, and 0.30% l-lysine HCl, respectively. Exp. 2: The average litter gain from birth to weaning was 2.68,2.73, 2.67, 2.70, and 2.64 kg/d(P l-lysine HCl plus valine,respectively. No other differences among dietary treatments were ***: Collectively, these studies demonstrate corn-soybean meal based lactation diets formulated with a constant SID lysine content for all parities containing up to 0.40% l-lysine HCl with only supplemental feed grade threonine and a methionine source have no detrimental effect on litter growth rate and subsequent total born.

关键词： Amino acid ratio lactation l-lysine Sow

Black,pinto and white beans lower hepatic lipids in hamsters fed high fat diets by excretion of bile acids

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食物生产加工与营养(英文) 2020年第1期2卷 249-257页

作者： Priscila l.S.Alves Jose De J Berrios james Pan Wallace H.Yokoyama Agricultural Research Service United States Department of AgricultureHealthy Processed Foods ResearchWestern Regional Research Center800 Buchanan St.AlbanyCA 94710USA

Hypolipidemic and anti-obesity properties of extruded black,pinto and white beans were examined in male Syrian hamsters fed high fat diets for 3 *** efficiency and effectiveness of extruder processing to eliminate heatlabile antinutrients were also *** fed a high fat diet containing 40%extruded black beans gained the same amount of weight as animals on a low-fat chow diet(based on AIN-93G).Total plasma cholesterol of the hamsters fed bean flour-based diets tended to be lower,ranging between 298 and 356 mg/dl,compared to 365 mg/dl for the control group and total and free liver cholesterol was about 50 and 33%lower,respectively,in the livers(freeze-dried)of hamsters fed the black turtle bean(BB)and pinto bean(PB)*** nitrogen content of the feces from hamsters fed the PB and white bean(WB)diets were 2.6x higher than the control and the excretion of deoxycholic acid(DCA)and lithocholic acid(lCA)was higher in all legume fed hamsters The results show that extrusion efficiently and economically reduces anti-nutritive factors that inhibit the digestion and absorption of proteins and carbohydrates.

关键词： Beans Extrusion Anti-obesity Bile acid Mice

High levels of endemism among Galapagos basidiolichens

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第4期85卷 45-73页

作者： Manuela Dal Forno Frank Bungartz Alba Yanez-Ayabaca Robert lücking james D.lawrey Department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History10th St&Constitution Ave NWWashingtonDC 20560USA Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Charles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands Puerto AyoraGalapagosEcuador School of life Sciences Arizona State UniversityPO Box 874501TempeAZ 85287-4501USA Facultad de Ciencias Agricolas Universidad Central del EcuadorCiudadela UniversitariaQuitoEcuador Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin KoniginLuise-Straße 6–814195 BerlinGermany Science&Education The Field Museum1400 South Lake ShoreChicagoIL 60605USA

This study is a re-assessment of basidiolichen diversity in the Galapagos *** present a molecular phylogenetic analysis,based on 92 specimens from Galapagos,using two nuclear ribosomal DNA markers(ITS and nulSU).We also re-examined the morphology and anatomy of all sequenced *** molecular results confirm our previous assessment that all Galapagos basidiolichens belong to the Dictyonema clade,which in Galapagos is represented by four genera:Acantholichen,Cora,Cyphellostereum,and *** species previously reported from Galapagos in these genera were at the time believed to represent widely distributed *** conclusion,however,has changed with the inclusion of molecular *** almost the same number of species is distinguished,the phylogenetic data now suggest that all are restricted to the Galapagos *** them,six species are proposed here as new to science,namely Cora galapagoensis,Cyphellostereum unoquinoum,Dictyonema barbatum,***,***,and ***;and four species have already been described previously,namely Acantholichen galapagoensis,Cora santacruzensis,Dictyonema pectinatum,and ***,here recombined as Cyphellostereum *** analysis is set on a very broad phylogenetic framework,which includes a large number of specimens(N=826)mainly from Central and South America,and therefore strongly suggests an unusually high level of endemism previously not *** analysis also shows that the closest relatives of half of the basidiolichens now found in Galapagos are from mainland Ecuador,implying that they reached the islands through the shortest route,with all species arriving on the islands through independent colonization events.

关键词： lichens Systematics Biodiversity Evolution lichenizedbasidiomycetes Galapagos

Biochars reduce irrigation water sodium adsorption ratio

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Biochar 2021年第1期3卷 77-87页

作者： Saima Awan james A.Ippolito J.l.Ullman Kamran Ansari liqiang Cui A.A.Siyal US‑Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water Mehran University of Engineering and Technology JamshoroSindh 76090Pakistan Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort Collins 80523USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyNo.211 of Jianjun RoadYancheng 224051China

Irrigation water quality plays a vital role in sustaining crop productivity and feeding a growing world *** many countries,continued agricultural water reuse can lead to greater water-soluble salt concentrations,and in particular Na;finding means by which irrigation water Na,and thus sodium adsorption ratios(SAR),can be reduced would reduce the rate at which soil sodification *** biochars,containing a variety of organic functional groups and electrochemistries,were examined for their potential to sorb and remove Na from simulated irrigation water,and subsequently reduce water *** batch experiments examined the role that wheat straw biochar,lodgepole pine biochar,Kentucky bluegrass biochar,and hemp biochar played in terms of sorbing sodium over time or application *** the four biochars examined,hemp biochar had the lowest oxidation-reduction potential(ORP;~0-100 mV),sorbed the greatest Na amount(up to 923 mg kg^(−1)),and released Ca and Mg(up to 115 and 63 mg kg^(−1),respectively)into solution,all of which led to a significant reduction in water SAR(from 8.8 to 7.3;17% decrease).Sodium sorption onto hemp biochar better fit a langmuir versus a Freundlich isotherm,yet followed a pseudo-second-order model better than a pseudo-first-order kinetic *** data suggest that Na ions formed a monolayer on the hemp biochar surface,influenced by associations withπelectrons,but given time the Na ions may diffuse into biochar pores or more slowly interact with biochar-borneπ*** biochar shows promise in reducing the SAR of Na-impacted *** investigations should focus on additional laboratory,greenhouse,and field trials with hemp biochar and other biochars designed to have similar or superior properties for sorbing excess irrigation water Na and improving crop growth.

关键词： Biochar Na-containing irrigation water Oxidation-reduction potential Sodium sorption πElectrons

Continuous live cell imaging of cellulose attachment by microbes under anaerobic and thermophilic conditions using confocal microscopy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第5期25卷 849-856页

作者： Zhi-Wu Wang Seung-Hwan lee james G.Elkins Yongchao li Scott Hamilton-Brehm Jennifer l.Morrell-Falvey BioEnergy Science Center Biosciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA College of Food Agricultural and Environmental SciencesThe Ohio State University1328 Dover RdWoosterOH 44691USA National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Biomass Refinery Research CenterHiroshimaJapan Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering College of Forest and Environmental SciencesKangwon National UniversityChuncheon 200-701Korea

live cell imaging methods provide important insights into the dynamics of cellular processes that cannot be derived easily from population-averaged *** the bioenergy field,much research is focused on fermentation of cellulosic biomass by thermophilic microbes to produce biofuels;however,little effort is dedicated to the development of imaging tools to monitor this dynamic biological *** is,in part,due to the experimental challenges of imaging cells under both anaerobic and thermophilic *** an imaging system is described that integrates confocal microscopy,a flow cell device,and a lipophilic dye to visualize *** to technical obstacles regarding suitable fluorescent markers,photodamage during imaging,and maintenance of environmental conditions during imaging are *** system was utilized to observe cellulose colonization by Clostridium thermocellum under anaerobic conditions at 60℃.This method enables live cell imaging of bacterial growth under anaerobic and thermophilic conditions and should be widely applicable to visualizing different cell types or processes in real time.

关键词： thermophile lipophilic dye cellulose biofuel confocal laser scanning microscopy biofilm

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MOFs在机械化学状态下的高反应活性

MOFs在机械化学状态下的高反应活性