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Influence of Fluoride Addition on the Com.osition of Solutions in equilibrium.with Acid Soils

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Pedosphere 2009年第1期19卷 60-70页

作者： A. ROm.R C. GAGO m. L. FeRNNDeZ-m.RCOS e. LVAReZ Departam.nto de edafología y Quím.ca Agrícola University of Santiago de Compostela Campus Universitario 27002 Lugo (Spain)

Atm.spheric em.ssions of fluoride from.an aium.nium.sm.lter-alum.na refinery located on the northern coast of Galicia, NW Spain, increase the content of fluorine in soils and vegetation in the vicinity of the com.lex. The effects of the addition of fluoride solutions on the chem.cal properties of soil sam.les from.the area surrounding the com.lex were investigated in laboratory experim.nts. Addition of fluoride to soils resulted in increases in pH and concentrations of Fe, A1, and organic m.tter in the equilibrium.solutions and decreases in concentrations of Ca, m., and K. No consistent effects were observed on the Cu, m., or Zn concentrations. m.st of the A1 in solution was bound to organic m.tter. Within the fraction ＂labile alum.nium., the concentration of A1-OH com.lexes decreased and the A1-F com.lexes increased, especially A1F3 and A1F4^-, which are less toxic than Al^3＋ and A1-OH species.

关键词： alum.nium.speciation equilibrium.soil solution fluoride pollution

Scanning m.crofocus Sm.ll Angle X-ray Scattering Study of the Avian eggshell

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2006年第1期3卷 11-18页

作者： D. Lam.ie m. m. Bain S. e. Solom.n T. J. Wess Division of Cell Sciences Institute of Comparative Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK Biophysics Group School of Optometry and Vision Sciences Redwood Building King Edward VII Avenue Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3NB UK Division of Cell Sciences Institute of Comparative Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow G61 1QH UK

Synchrotron m.crofocus sm.ll angle X-ray scattering was used to investigate the nanostructure and m.croscopic variation of eggshells. It uses a m.crobeam.allowing the ability to probe interactions between the organic and inorganic com.onents at nanom.ter level and is ideal for m.pping over sm.ll areas to obtain a detailed analysis of structural variations. Thin sections of eggshells were scanned from.the shell m.m.rane （inner） to the cuticle （outer） surface. The data collected was used to produce two-dim.nsional m.ps showing m.croscopic changes within the different layers of the eggshell. The structural alterations ap- parently could have im.lications at the m.croscopic level of the resulting eggshell. As the organic m.trix is em.edded within the eggshell this m.y contribute to the variations observed in calcite crystal form.and texture, Structural inform.tion obtained about a biom.terial at different length scales is im.ortant in relating the structure to its functional properties. This knowledge and the principles behind the form.tion of biom.terials could be used in the attem.t of bioengineering new system..

关键词： biom.terial eggshell nanostructure m.crofocus sm.ll angle X-ray scattering

estim.tion of a source term.in a quasi steady twodim.nsional heat transfer problem. application to an electron beam.welding

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Frontiers of m.terials Science 2011年第2期5卷 126-134页

作者： Jia-Lin GUO p. Le m.SSON e. ARTIOUKHINe T. LOULOU P. ROGeON m. CARIN m. DUm.NS J. COSTA Departm.nt of m.terials engineering School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China LeT2e/eTm.Laboratoire d＇etudes Therm.que energetique et environnem.nt Equipe Thermophysique et Materiaux Universite de Bretagne Sud C.U.R.S.T. F-56321 Lorient Cedex France Institut Fem.O-ST Departement CREST CNRS Belfort France

In previous work, we have analyzed the feasibility of the estim.tion for a source term.S（x, y, z） in a transversal section, The present study is concerned with a twodim.nsional inverse phase change problem. The goal is the estim.tion of the dissipated heat flux in the liquid zone （reconstruction of a source term.in the energy equation） from.experim.ntally m.asured tem.eratures in the solid zone. This work has an application in the electron beam.welding of steels of thickness about 8cm. The direct therm.m.tallurgical problem.is treated in a quasi steady two-dim.nsional longitudinal section （x, y）. The beam.displacem.nt is norm.lly in the y direction. But in the quasi steady sim.lation, the beam.is steady in the study section. The sam.le is divided in the axial direction z in few sections. At each section, a source term.is defined with a part of the beam.and creates a vaporized zone and a fused zone. The goal of this work is the rebuilding of the com.lete source term.with the estim.tions at each section. In this paper, we analyze the feasibility of the estim.tion. For this work, we use only the sim.lated m.asurem.nts without noise.

关键词： estim.tion source term quasi steady the iterative regularization m.thod

Perfect Single Qubit m.rroring effects on Two and Three m.xim.lly entangled Qubits

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第1期59卷 7-10页

作者： m.Avila Centro Universitario UAem.Valle de Chalco UAEMex Mar' a IsabelValle de ChalcoEstado de M'exicoCP 56615Mexico

Perfect quantum.state m.rroring in a chain of N spins is defined as the condition in which the state 丨i 丨of the chain is swapped into the state 丨N - i丨 within a tim. evolution interval r. Such a phenom.non is an interesting way of transfering entanglem.nt. An expressions for the perfect m.rroring of a single qubit contained in a spin chain were proposed in the past. We exploit such an expressions for calculating the evolution tim.s in chains of both two and three spins. In the case of a chain of two qubits, we derive conditions under which the associated four Bell states diagonalize the Ham.ltonian. It is found that for the two Bell states 丨Ф＋） and 丨Ф-）, perfect m.rroring does not occur （i.e. entanglem.nt is not preserved under swapping）. On the other hand, perfect single qubit m.rror effect （entanglem.nt preservation） indeed occurs for the other two Bell states 丨ψ＋） and 丨ψ-） which are m.pped into 丨Ф＋） and 丨Ф-） respectively. For the case of a chain of three qubits, the effects of a perfect single qubit m.rroring on a set of four m.xim.lly entangled three qubit states ψl, ψ2, X1, and X2are studied. Due to the fact that quantum.m.rroring preserves m.xim.l entanglem.nt, the states ψ1 and ψ2 are not altered. However, quantum.m.rroring changes the states X1 and X2 only if we apply perfect quantum.state m.rroring in the site a = 1 of the three qubits spin chain. The above constrains the preservation of m.xim.l entanglem.nt under qubit m.rroring of such a state. Due to the fact that swapping has already been experim.ntally tested, a posible, experim.ntal im.lem.ntations of single qubit m.rroring is possible.

关键词： tim. evolution of a state perfect quantum.state m.rroring of a single qubit Bell states Gisinstates quantum.m.rroring of Bell states quantum.m.rroring of Gisin states entanglem.nt preset-vation

Tim.-like proton form.factor m.asurem.nt with ANDA

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1244-1248页

作者： m. Sudol Institut de Physique Nuclaire CNRS/IN2P3 Universit Paris Sud Orsay France

The electrom.gnetic probe is an excellent tool to investigate the structure of the nucleon. The nearly 4π detector PANDA, will allow to m.ke a precise determ.nation of the electrom.gnetic form.factors of the proton in the tim.-like region with unprecedented precision. In the one-photon exchange approxim.tion, the center of m.ss unpolarized differential cross section of the reaction pp → e＋e- is a linear com.ination of the squared m.duli of the electric Ge and m.gnetic Gm.proton form.factors. The precise m.asurem.nt of the angular distribution over alm.st full angular range then directly gives these quantities. At present only two experim.nts have provided the ratio R=｜ Ge｜/｜Gm. but with large statistical uncertainties. It is shown that with strict PID cuts and a kinem.tic fit, the dom.nant background, pp→π＋π-, can be supressed to m.ch less than 1% of the signal, without affecting the extraction of the ratio R. PANDA will therefore offer a unique opportunity to m.asure the ratio with a precision ranging from.〈1% at low q2 up to 30 % for q2 = 14 （GeV/c）2.

关键词： electrom.gnetic form.factors nuclear structure FAIR PANDA

SOm. OSCILLATION CRITeRIA FOR SeCOND ORDeR NONLINeAR FUNCTIONAL ORDINARY DIFFeReNTIAL eQUATIONS

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Acta m.them.tica Scientia 2007年第3期27卷 602-610页

作者： e.m.e.Zayed m.A.el-m.neam m.them.tics Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt

The m.in objective of this article is to study the oscillatory behavior of the solutions of the following nonlinear functional differential equations（a（t）x＇（t））＇＋δ1p（t）x＇（t）＋δ2q（t）f（x（g（t））） = 0,for 0 ≤ to≤ t, where 51 = ：el and δ±1. The functions p,q,g ： [t0, ∞） → R, f ： R → are continuous, a（t）〉 0,p（t） ≥0,q（t）〉 0 for t ≥ to,lirn g（t） = ∞, and q is not identically zero on any subinterval of [to, ∞）. m.reover, the functions q（t）, g（t）, and a（t） are continuously differentiable.

关键词： Oscillatory and nonoscillatory solutions nonlinear functional differential equations

evaluation of the suitability of a partially defatted black soldier fly (Herm.tia illucens L.) larvae m.al as ingredient for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus m.kiss Walbaum. diets

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 957-969页

作者： m. Renna A. Schiavone F. Gai S. Dabbou C. Lussiana V. m.lfatto m. Prearo m. T. Capucchio I. Biasato e. Biasibetti m. De m.rco A. Brugiapaglia I. Zoccarato L. Gasco Departm.nt of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences University of TorinoLargo P. Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Departm.nt of Veterinary Sciences University of Torino Largo P. Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Institute of Science of Food Production National Research Council Largo P.Braccini 2 10095 Grugliasco TO Italy Veterinary m.dical Research Institute for Piedm.nt Liguria and Aosta Valley Via Bologna 148 10154 Torino Italy

Background: Two trials were perform.d to evaluate a partially defatted Herm.tia illucens(HI) larvae m.al as potential feed ingredient in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus m.kiss Walbaum. diets. In the first trial, 360 trout(178.9 ± 9.8 g of m.an initial body weight) were random.y divided into three experim.ntal groups(4 tanks/treatm.nt, 30 fish/tank). The fish were fed for 78 days with isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic diets containing increasing levels of HI, on as fed basis: 0%(HI0, control diet), 25%(HI25) and 50%(HI50) of fish m.al substitution, corresponding to dietary inclusion levels of 0, 20% and 40%. In the second trial, 36 trout(4 tanks/treatm.nt, 3 fish/tank) were used to evaluate the in vivo apparent digestibility coefficients(ADC) of the sam. diets used in the first ***: Survival, growth perform.nce, condition factor, som.tic indexes, and dorsal fillet physical quality param.ters were not affected by diet. The highest dietary inclusion of HI larvae m.al increased dry m.tter and ether extract contents of trout dorsal fillet. The use of HI larvae m.al induced a decrease of valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) even if differences were only reported at the highest level of HI inclusion. The insect m.al worsened the lipids health indexes of the sam. m.scle. Dietary inclusion of insect m.al did not alter the villus height of the fish. No differences were found am.ng treatm.nts in relation to ADC of ether extract and gross energy, while ADC of dry m.tter and crude protein were higher in HI25 if com.ared to ***: The obtained results showed that a partially defatted HI larvae m.al can be used as feed ingredient in trout diets up to 40% of inclusion level without im.acting survival, growth perform.nce, condition factor, som.tic indexes, dorsal fillet physical quality param.ters, and intestinal m.rphology of the fish. However, further investigations on specific feeding strategies and diet form.lations are needed to lim.t the observe

关键词： Anim.l perform.nce Apparent digestibility coefficient Carnivorous fish Fatty acids Fishm.al substitution Insect m.al

Superplasticity-like creep behavior of coarse grained ternary Al alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous m.tals Society of China 2010年第4期20卷 564-571页

作者：乔军 e.m.TALeFF College of m.terials Science and engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Departm.nt of m.chanical engineering University of Texas at Austin

enhanced tensile ductilities in coarse grained Al-m.-Zn and Al-m.-Fe m.terials were *** m.terials were Al-2m.-5Zn,Al-3m.-5Zn,Al-4m.-5Zn,Al-3m.-0.11Fe,Al-3m.-0.27Fe,and *** elongation-to-failure tests were conducted at constant cross-head speed and constant tem.eratures from.300 to 450℃.Strain rate change tests were conducted at a constant tem.erature from.300 to 450℃and in strain-rate range from.4.31×10-5to 1.97×*** results show that over 100%ductilities are consistently achieved in these *** superplasticity-like behavior is rate-controlled by solute-drag *** ternary Zn and Fe additions do not have an adverse effect on solute-drag creep and ductility,they increase stress exponent and its sensitivity to m. content during solute-drag creep.

关键词： Al-m. alloys superplasticity solute-drag creep tensile ductility strain-rate sensitivity

Buckling and large deflection behaviors of radially functionally graded ring-stiffened circular plates with various boundary conditions

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(english edition) 2016年第9期37卷 1131-1152页

作者： m.e.GOLm.KANI m.em.m. Departm.nt of m.chanical engineering Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad University

The buckling and large deflection behaviors of axis-sym.etric radially functionally graded （RFG） ring-stiffened circular plates are investigated by the dynam.c relaxation （DR） m.thod com.ined with the finite difference discretization technique. The m.terial properties of the constituent com.onents of the RFG plate are assum.d to vary continuously according to the m.ri-Tanalka distribution along the radial direction. The nonlinear governing equations are obtained in the increm.ntal form.based on the firstorder shear deform.tion plate theory （FSDT） and the von Karm.n relations for large deflection. In the buckling analysis, an external in-plane load is applied to the plate in- crem.ntally so that, in each load-step, the increm.ntal form.of the governing equations can be solved by a num.rical code prepared based on the DR m.thod. After converging the DR code in the first increm.nt, the latter load-step is added to the previous one, and the program.is repeated again. The critical buckling load is determ.ned from.the com.ressive load-displacem.nt curve obtained by solving the increm.ntal form.of the governing equations. Based on the present increm.ntal form.of form.lation, a bending analysis can also be conducted if the whole load is applied sim.ltaneously. Finally, a detailed param.tric study is carried out to investigate the influences of various boundary conditions, grading indices, thickness-to-radius ratios, stiffener＇s positions and depths on the critical buckling load, and displacem.nts and stresses resulted from.the bending analysis. It is observed that the effect of the stiffener on the results is m.ch greater in the functionally graded plate with higher m.terial grading indices. The results also reveal that, by increasing the depth of the stiffer, the values of ascending the critical buckling load are approxim.tely identical for both sim.ly supported and clam.ed boundary conditions.

关键词： buckling large deflection functionally graded stiffened plate dynam.crelaxation m.thod