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Assessment of the Characteristics of the Municipal Solid Waste Compost in Lebanon

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 17-39页

作者： Rana Sawaya jalal Halwani Nada Nehme Hiba alawiye Walaa Diab Water & Environment Science Lab Lebanese University Tripoli Lebanon Faculty of Sciences Lebanese University Hadath Lebanon Faculty of Agriculture Engineering and Veterinary Sciences Lebanese University Dekwaneh Lebanon

Waste management is crucial due to the fast increase of human population, causing an increase in solid waste generation which if not properly managed causes environmental problems. Around 57% of the wastes generated from homes are made up of green material (fruits, vegetables…). Thus, reusing and recycling green wastes through composting is one way of reducing the waste load to landfills. Composting is the transformation of raw organic materials into organic soil amendments that provide nutrients to crops and enhance the tilth, fertility, and productivity of soils. Aerobic windrow composting system at Sukomi Greensite facility located at Karantina is performed, where materials biodegrade under controlled conditions to produce compost. However, assessment of the quality of the compost is fundamental in order to determine its usages. Thus, regular testing of physical, chemical and biological parameters was performed for adequate monitoring purposes. The basic objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of the Lebanese municipal solid waste compost on a yearly basis and compare these characteristics amongst the years. Hence, each parameter was tested and compared to the BNQ international Canadian standards for proper classification of the compost and adequate identification of its usages. The preliminary data obtained were statistically diagnosed through principal component analysis by Spadv55 software. all the data reflected the normal content value of the studied parameters with minor differences between the years except for year 2007 which demonstrated higher levels of Potassium, Phosphate, Lead and Cadmium. The characteristics of the compost enabled it to be used as a soil amendment on all types of agricultural and landscape commodities at the adequate dosages and proper timing. This data will additionally reflect the efficiency of the solid waste management practices adopted via highlighting the importance of the implementation of the integrated s

关键词： Composting Organic Material Lebanon Contamination Solid Waste Management

Pressure-rate convolution and deconvolution response for fractured conventional and unconventional reservoirs using new decline rate model

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Petroleum 2019年第3期5卷 243-251页

作者： Salam al-Rbeawi jalal Farhan Owayed Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus CampusKuwait Kuwait University Kuwait

This paper introduces new approach for pressure-rate convolution and deconvolution analysis of multi-stages hydraulically fractured conventional and unconventional *** approach demonstrates the impact of variable Sand face flow rate on reservoir performance.A new model for P/R deconvolution is used to convert pressure pulse from variable flow rate to single and constant rate *** target of this study is fractal reservoirs with and without stimulated and unstimulated reservoir ***-linear flow regimes approach is used to describe pressure behavior in the reservoirs while decline flow rate behavior is described by newly proposed model in this *** model depicts,instead of van Everdingen model,indirectly the declining rate with time by using pressure responses with production *** flow rate behavior simulated by linear and bi-linear flow models are also studied and compared with the one obtained by the new *** analytical models are used in this study by applying P/R convolution and deconvolution technique and solved for constant and variable flow rate considering different reservoir configurations and operating *** results are interpreted and analyzed for better understanding pressure behaviors,flow regime types,and productivity index trends for continuously changing flow rate especially at early production *** stimulated reservoir volume(Vsrv)is considered one of the applications of convolved pressure since it is calculated from pseudo-steady state flow when late time boundary dominated flow regime is *** outcomes of this study can be summarized as:1)Introducing new approach for pressure-rate convolution and deconvolution technique for multi-stages hydraulically fractured reservoirs by applying new decline flow rate model that indirectly simulates variable flow rate with time.2)Generating analytical models for dimensionless pressure and flow rate for constant and variable flow rate usin

关键词： Convolution and convolution technique Rate transient analysis Pressure transient analysis Fractured reservoirs Reservoir performance

Fused and Modified Evolutionary Optimization of Multiple Intelligent Systems Using ANN, SVM Approaches

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1479-1496页

作者： jalal Sadoon Hameed al-bayati Burak Berk Üstündağ jalal Sadoon Hameed al-bayati Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34469Turkey Burak BerkÜstündağ Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34469Turkey

The Fused Modified Grasshopper Optimization algorithm has been proposed,which selects the most specific feature sets from images of the disease of plant *** Proposed algorithm ensures the detection of diseases during the early stages of the diagnosis of leaf disease by farmers and,finally,the crop needed to be controlled by farmers to ensure the survival and protection of *** this study,a novel approach has been suggested based on the standard optimization algorithm for grasshopper and the selection of *** conditions in plants are a major factor in reducing crop yield and *** delay or errors in the diagnosis of the disease can lead to delays in the management of plant disease spreading and damage and related material *** new heuristic optimization of swarm intelligence,Grasshopper Optimization algorithm was inspired by grasshopper movements for their feeding *** simulates the attitude and social interaction of grasshopper swarm in terms of gravity and wind *** the decision on features extracted by an accelerated feature selection algorithm,popular approaches such as ANN and SVM classifiers had been *** the evaluation of the proposed model,different data sets of plant leaves were *** proposed model was successful in the diagnosis of the diseases of leaves the plant with an accuracy of 99.41 percent(average).The proposed biologically inspired model was sufficiently satisfied,and the best or most desirable characteristics were ***,the results of the research for these data sets were estimated by the proposed Fused Modified Grasshopper Optimization algorithm(FMGOA).The results of that experiment were demonstrated to allow classification models to reduce input features and thus to increase the precision with the presented Modified Grasshopper Optimization *** and analysis were performed to prove the model validity through model parameters such as precision,recall,f-

关键词： Fusion machine learning plant leaves diseases feature selection fused modified grasshopper algorithm

Optimal Estimation and Tracking Control for Variable-speed Wind Turbine with PMSG

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2020年第1期8卷 159-167页

作者： Farzad Bakhtiari jalal Nazarzadeh Shahed University TehranIran

Designing an optimal tracking controller and system observer is a nonlinear problem in the variable-speed wind energy conversion system(WECS).In this paper,an adjusted feedforward and feedback optimal controller with extended Kalman filter(EKF)is introduced to estimate and control the permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG)for the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)with several disturbances of the wind *** augmented model of wind turbine and PMSG is expanded,and then the parameters of the optimal controller and estimator are *** dynamic stability of the closed-loop system with feedback-feedforward controller(FFC),EKF and speed controller are *** compare the dynamic performance of EKF and FFC with the conventional controllers,numerical results are demonstrated with the disturbances of the wind speed and faults in power grid.

关键词： Permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG) maximum power point tracking(MPPT) extended Kalman filter(EKF) optimal tracking control

Effect of plant extracts on activity of some defense enzymes of apple fruit in interaction with Botrytis cinerea

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第1期18卷 115-123页

作者： jalal Gholamnezhad Department of Horticultural Sciences Faculty of Agriculture & Natural ResourcesArdakan University

The efficacy of seven plant extracts(neem,fennel,lavender,thyme,pennyroyal,salvia and asafetida) in controlling postharvest of apple(caused by Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated in vitro and in *** vitro,all plant extracts treatments inhibited spore *** rates of pore germination was 17.41 and 20.83% for neem extract treatment(methanolic and aqueous extracts,respectively) with significant difference compared to control(73.6 and 85.33%) for aqueous and methanol *** the storage conditions,the application of aqueous extract of neem(at concentration of 25%) resulted in 89.11% reduction of disease severity compared with the untreated *** of enzymes activity showed the plant extracts can increase the activity of peroxidase,phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,β-1,3-glucanase and polyphenol oxidase in the presence of pathogens,in apple ***,the results of this research revealed that application of neem extracts was more effective than the application of other plant *** to this study,it could be concluded that plant extracts may be useful to control postharvest disease as a safe alternative option to chemical fungicides.

关键词： Botrytis cinerea defense enzymes plant extracts spore germination

Optimization Methods of MPPT Parameters for PV Systems:Review,Classification,and Comparison

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第2期9卷 225-236页

作者： jalal Dadkhah Mehdi Niroomand the Department of Electrical Engineering University of Is-fahanIsfahanIran the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada the Department of Electrical Engineering University of IsfahanIsfahanIran

To obtain efficient photovoltaic(PV)systems,optimum maximum power point tracking(MPPT)algorithms are *** efficiency of MPPT algorithms depends on two MPPT parameters,i.e.,perturbation amplitude and perturbation *** optimization of MPPT algorithms affect both the tracking speed and steady-state *** this paper,optimization methods of MPPT parameters are reviewed and classified into fixed and variable *** fixed MPPT parameters are constant during MPPT performance,and a trade-off should be made between the tracking speed and steady-state ***,the variable MPPT parameters will be changed to improve both the tracking speed and the steadystate ***,some of them are simulated,compared,and discussed to evaluate the real contributions of the optimization methods to the MPPT ***,significant features of the optimization methods,i.e.,noise immunity,robustness,and computation effort,are investigated.

关键词： Photovoltaic(PV)systems maximum power point tracking(MPPT) perturbation amplitude perturbation period

Pedestrian Physical Education Training Over Visualization Tool

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2389-2405页

作者： Tamara al Shloul Israr Akhter Suliman A.alsuhibany Yazeed Yasin Ghadi Ahmad jalal Jeongmin Park Department of Humanities and Social Science Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain UniversityAl Ain15551UAE Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Korea

E-learning approaches are one of the most important learning platforms for the learner through electronic *** study techniques are useful for other groups of learners such as the crowd,pedestrian,sports,transports,communication,emergency services,management systems and education sectors.E-learning is still a challenging domain for researchers and developers to find new trends and advanced tools and *** of them are currently working on this domain to fulfill the requirements of industry and the *** this paper,we proposed a method for pedestrian behavior mining of aerial data,using deep flow feature,graph mining technique,and convocational neural *** input data,the state-of-the-art crowd activity University of Minnesota(UMN)dataset is adopted,which contains the aerial indoor and outdoor view of the pedestrian,for simplification of extra information and computational cost reduction the pre-processing is *** flow features are extracted to find more accurate ***,to deal with repetition in features data and features mining the graph mining algorithm is applied,while Convolution Neural Network(CNN)is applied for pedestrian behavior *** proposed method shows 84.50%of mean accuracy and a 15.50%of error ***,the achieved results show more accuracy as compared to state-ofthe-art classification algorithms such as decision tree,artificial neural network(ANN).

关键词： Artificial intelligence behavior mining convolution neural network(CNN) deep flow e-learning environment

Nonlocal vibration analysis of circular double-layered graphene sheets resting on an elastic foundation subjected to thermal loading

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第5期32卷 841-853页

作者： Reza Ansari jalal Torabi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Guilan

Based on the nonlocal elasticity theory, the vibration behavior of circular double-layered graphene sheets（DLGSs） resting on the Winkler- and Pasternak-type elastic foundations in a thermal environment is *** governing equation is derived on the basis of Eringen＇s nonlocal elasticity and the classical plate theory（CLPT）.The initial thermal loading is assumed to be due to a uniform temperature rise throughout the thickness direction. Using the generalized differential quadrature（GDQ）method and periodic differential operators in radial and circumferential directions, respectively, the governing equation is discretized. DLGSs with clamped and simply-supported boundary conditions are studied and the influence of van der Waals（vd W） interaction forces is taken into *** the numerical results, the effects of various parameters such as elastic medium coefficients, radius-to-thickness ratio,thermal loading and nonlocal parameter are examined on both in-phase and anti-phase natural frequencies. The results show that the thermal load and elastic foundation respectively decreases and increases the fundamental frequencies of DLGSs.

关键词： Circular DLGS Vibration Nonlocal theory Thermal environment Numerical solution

Yield of testing for micronutrient deficiencies associated with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in a clinical setting: An observational study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第36期9卷 11320-11329页

作者： Mustafa jalal Jennifer Anne Campbell Solomon Tesfaye Ahmed al-Mukhtar Andrew Derek Hopper Academic Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Infection Immunology and Cardiovascular diseaseUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Academic Unit of Diabetes and Endocrinology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be difficult to diagnose and causes maldigestion symptoms and *** has been a number of studies that have identified PEI associated micronutrient deficiencies(PEI-MD),however there is variation in both the frequency and type of PEI-MD reported,with the majority of studies including patients with PEI due to chronic pancreatitis(CP)or CP without *** is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence of PEIMD in patients with PEI without CP and the yield of testing for PEI-MD in a clinical setting in patients with suspected benign pancreatic *** To prospectively assess the yield and type of PEI–MD in patients with and without PEI secondary to benign pancreatic *** Patients investigated for maldigestion symptoms with Faecal Elastase-1(FEL-1)and suspected or proven benign pancreatic disease were prospectively *** the time of FEL-1 testing,serum samples were taken for micronutrients identified by previous studies as PEI-MD:prealbumin,retinol binding protein,copper,zinc,selenium,magnesium and later in the study lipid adjusted vitamin ***-1 was recorded,with a resultal suspicion of CP,a new diagnosis of PEI recurrent,pancreatic type pain(epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back with or without previous acute pancreatitis attacks)or weight *** After exclusions,112 patients were recruited that underwent testing for FEL-1 and *** was identified in 41/112(36.6%)patients and a pancreatic CT was performed in 82 *** a PEI-MD was identified in 21/112(18.8%)*** yield of PEI-MD was 17/41(41.5%)if PEI was present which was significantly higher than those without 4/71(5.6%)(P=0.0001).The yield of PEI–MD was significantly higher when PEI and CP were seen together 13/22(59.1%)compared to CP without PEI and PEI without CP(P<0.03).In

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Chronic pancreatitis Micronutrient Malnutrition Malabsorption Nutritional markers