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Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile in lithium-sulfur batteries:Interactions between undercoordinated carbons and polymer structure under low lithiation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 587-596,I0016页

作者： Samuel Bertolini Timo jacob Institute of Electrochemistry Ulm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 4789081 UlmGermany Helmholtz-Institute Ulm(HIU) Electrochemical Energy StorageHelmholtzstr.1189081 UlmGermany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) P.O.Box 364076021 KarlsruheGermany

Lithium-sulfur battery(LSB)represents an important candidate to be used in energy storage applications,due to its high specific ***-polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)is a candidate as a host material in LSB to replace graphite,due to its ability to chemisorb polysulfides(PSs).The sulfur chains attached to the polymer can reversibly form Li2S,and SPAN indicates to have a good cyclability and better performance than graphite,thus,SPAN acts partially as an active and also as a host *** this study,we investigated the capacity of the solvent or the SPAN to lose a hydrogen atom from the backbone,to predict possible anodic reactions between solvent and host *** simulation suggests that the photophilic salts may preferentially react with the solvent,and possibly building a cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI).We observed that an undercoordinated carbon(C_(uc))can be thermodynamically created,due to *** Cuccan react with the solvent on the polymer backbone through different mechanisms,however,the simulations indicated that the reaction should be affected by the interaction between the solvent and C_(uc),according to SPAN’s ***,C_(uc)reacts with long sulfur chains attached to SPAN,capturing sulfur and forming a C-S bond.A sulfur chain from one SPAN can connect to another polymer backbone,however,this process is affected by lithiation and ***,this work also investigates the formation of interconnected SPAN structures and the multiple C_(uc)effects.

关键词： Density functional theory Ab initio molecular dynamics Lithium-sulfur batteries Sulfurized-polyacrylonitrile

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57万亿电动车市场引爆

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第1期 42-47页

作者： Malcolm Scott Amy Stillman Zoltan Simon Patpicha Tanakasempipat Paul Burkhardt jacob Lorinc 许诺(译) 不详

长达一个世纪的内燃机汽车时代在迈向电动车时代,这一历史性转变正在世界经济的某些令人意想不到的角落制造引爆点。而且现在才刚刚开始。在自然资源丰富的加拿大“火环地带”,由于对环境退化的担忧,电动汽车生产所需矿物的开采许可审... 详细信息

长达一个世纪的内燃机汽车时代在迈向电动车时代,这一历史性转变正在世界经济的某些令人意想不到的角落制造引爆点。而且现在才刚刚开始。在自然资源丰富的加拿大“火环地带”,由于对环境退化的担忧,电动汽车生产所需矿物的开采许可审批速度放缓,不同的环保目标之间在发生冲突。

关键词：内燃机汽车环境退化电动汽车自然资源历史性转变引爆点电动车加拿大

TREM2 as an evolving therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2680-2681页

作者： jacob George Cognyxx Pharmaceuticals Tel Aviv Israel and Kaplan Heart CenterRehovotIsrael

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2) is type I transmembrane protein receptor found in osteoclasts, dendritic cells, macrophages, and microglia(Ulland and Colonna, 2018). In the central nervous system, TREM2 expression is confined exclusively to microglia. TREM2 comprises an extracellular V-type immunoglobulin(Ig) ectodomain, a connecting stalk followed by a transmembrane region and a short C-terminal tail.

关键词： Alzheimer therapeutic Colon

Progress of fundamental mechanism of formic acid decomposition and electrooxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 292-309,I0008页

作者： Xin Liu Timo jacob Wang Gao Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of EducationDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022JilinChina Institute of Electrochemistry Ulm UniversityD-89081 UlmGermany

Formic acid(HCOOH) is considered as a promising viable fuel-cell ingredient for low temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells as a consequence of their high safety and energy density. As one prototype reaction, the study of HCOOH decomposition and electrooxidation is also helpful to understand the reaction mechanism of other small molecular organics. Herein, we present a comprehensive overview of HCOOH decomposition and electrooxidation in different environment conditions and analyze the reaction mechanism from both experimental and theoretical point of view. Furthermore, we discuss the known strategies for improving the performance of HCOOH decomposition and electrooxidation catalysts. Finally, this review presents a prospect for the future study of HCOOH decomposition and electrooxidation.

关键词： Electrochemical catalysis Density functional theory Formic acid Spectroelectrochemistry Fuel cell

Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B in Blood Donors at the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre in Guinea

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Open Journal of Immunology 2024年第2期14卷 33-45页

作者： Alimou Camara Ernest Thea Ives Nyankoye Haba Yamoussa Youla Ibrahima Sory Diallo Mariama Sadio Diallo Djiba Kaba jacob Camara Moussa Condé Barré Soropogui Kaba Kourouma Thierno Mamadou Tounkara Babacar Mbengue Abdoulaye Touré Sanaba Boumbaly Virology Research Centre Guinea Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea National Blood Transfusion Centre Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene Conakry Guinea Institute of Health and Childhood Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea African Centre of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases Conakry Guinea Department of Dermatology and Venereology Donka University Hospital Conakry Guine Immunology Laboratory Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Centre for Research and Training in Infectious Diseases of Guinea Conakry Guinea

Blood transfusion saves lives and reduces morbidity and mortality for a large number of diseases and clinical conditions, but it is not without danger. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and hepatitis B in blood donors received at the regional Blood Transfusion Centre of N’Zérékoré (Guinea). This was a 5-year retrospective analytical study. We included records of blood donors aged 18 to 60 years admitted to the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre for blood donation from January 2016 to December 2020. We performed a descriptive analysis followed by Chi-2 or Fish-er-exact tests and the Student or Wilcoxon test, followed by multivariate logistic regression. In this study, donor age ranged from 18 - 60 years, with a pre-dominance of donors aged 25 - 34 (44.2%). Male donors were the most represented in our study (79.0% versus 21.0% female). More than half of the donors were blood group O (55.6%). We observed a seroprevalence of 3.6% for HIV, 13.4% for HBsAg and 0.2% for co-infection. In our series, age 25 - 34 (OR = 1.89 and P = 0.001) and 35 - 44 for HIV (OR = 2.01 and P = 0.001), HBsAgserostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR of 3.04 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HIV positivity (P < 0.05). In our study, HIV serostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR = 0.01 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HBsAgseropositivity. We reported a high prevalence of HIV and HBsAg. Sex, serological status and blood donation history were associated factors.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV Hepatitis B Blood Donors N’Zérékoré Guinea

Mechanisms and treatment strategies of demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1931-1939页

作者： Nadège Hertzog Claire jacob Faculty of Biology Institute of Developmental Biology and NeurobiologyJohannes Gutenberg University MainzHanns-Dieter-Hüsch-WegMainzGermany

Schwann cells,the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system,wrap axons multiple times to build their myelin *** is of paramount importance for axonal integrity and fast axon potential ***,myelin is lacking or dysfunctional in several neuropathies including demyelinating and dysmyelinating Charcot-M arie-To oth ***-Marie-To oth disease represents the most prevalent inherited neuropathy in humans and is classified either as axonal,demyelinating or dysmyelinating,or as *** demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease constitute the majority of the disease cases and are most frequently due to mutations in the three following myelin genes:peripheral myelin protein 22,myelin protein ze ro and gap junction beta 1(coding for Connexin 32) causing Charcot-M arie-Tooth disease type 1A,Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1B,and X-linked Charcot-M arie-Tooth disease type 1,*** resulting perturbation of myelin structure and function leads to axonal demyelination or dysmyelination and causes severe disabilities in affected *** treatment to cure or slow down the disease progression is currently available on the market,howeve r,scientific discoveries led to a better understanding of the pathomechanisms of the disease and to potential treatment *** this review,we describe the features and molecular mechanisms of the three main demyelinating or dysmyelinating forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease,the rodent models used in research,and the emerging therapeutic approaches to cure or counteract the progression of the disease.

关键词： Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease rodent models emerging treatments demyelination and dysmyelination endoplasmic reticulum stress gene therapy myelin repair Schwann cells unfolded protein response

A molecular dynamics study of laser-excited gold

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2022年第3期7卷 20-30页

作者： jacob M.Molina T.G.White University of Nevada RenoNevada 89557USA

The structural evolution of laser-excited systems of gold has previously been measured through ultrafast MeV electron ***,there has been a long-standing inability of atomistic simulations to provide a consistent picture of the melting process,leading to large discrepancies between the predicted threshold energy density for complete melting,as well as the transition between heterogeneous and homogeneous *** make use of two-temperature classical molecular dynamics simulations utilizing three highly successful interatomic potentials and reproduce electron diffraction data presented by Mo et al.[Science 360,1451–1455(2018)].We recreate the experimental electron diffraction data,employing both a constant and temperature-dependent electron–ion equilibration *** all cases,we are able to match time-resolved electron diffraction data,and find consistency between atomistic simulations and experiments,only by allowing laser energy to be transported away from the interaction *** additional energy-loss pathway,which scales strongly with laser fluence,we attribute to hot electrons leaving the target on a timescale commensurate with melting。

关键词： diffraction. excited dynamics

A review of late-stage tungsten fuzz growth

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Tungsten 2022年第3期4卷 184-193页

作者： jacob A.R.Wright Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeCB30FSUK

Tungsten will be used as the plasma-facing divertor material in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)fusion *** high temperatures and high ion fluxes,a‘fuzz’nanostructure forms on the tungsten surface with dramatically different properties and could contaminate the *** simulations and experimental observations have provided understanding of the initial fuzz formation process,there is debate over whether tungsten or helium migration is rate-limiting during late-stage growth,and the mechanisms by which tungsten and helium migrations ***,the proposed mechanisms are considered in *** is concluded that tungsten migration occurs by adatom diffusion along the fuzz *** helium migration through the porous fuzz to the tungsten bulk is also required for fuzz growth,for continued bubble growth and *** likely migrates due to ballistic penetration,although diffusion may *** is difficult to determine the limiting process,which may switch from helium penetration to tungsten adatom diffusion above a threshold *** for further research to clarify the mechanisms are then considered.A greater understanding of the fuzz formation mechanism is key to the successful design of plasma-facing tungsten components,and may have applications in forming porous tungsten catalysts.

关键词： Tungsten Tungsten fuzz Plasma-material interactions Fusion reactors

An efficient approach for anti-jamming in IRNSS receivers using improved PSO based parametric wavelet packet thresholding

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Satellite Navigation 2022年第3期3卷 51-70,I0003页

作者： jacob Silva Lorraine Kambham Madhu Ramarakula Department of ECE University College of EngineeringJNTUKKakinadaAndhra Pradesh533003India

The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System provides accurate positioning service to the users within and around India,extending up to 1500 ***,when a receiver encounters a Continuous Wave Interference,its positioning accuracy degrades,or sometimes it even fails to *** Packet Transform(WPT)is the most widely used technique for anti-jamming in Global Navigation Satellite System *** the conventional method suffers from threshold drifting and employs inflexible thresholding ***,to address these issues,an efficient approach using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization based Parametric Wavelet Packet Thresholding(IPSO-PWPT)is ***,a new parameter adaptive thresholding function is ***,a new form of inertia weight is presented to enhance the performance of ***,IPSO is used to optimize the key parameters of ***,the implementation of the IPSO-PWPT anti-jamming algorithm is *** performance of the proposed technique is evaluated for various performance metrics in four jamming *** evaluation results manifest the proposed method’s efficacy compared to the conventional WPT in terms of anti-jamming ***,the results show the ability of the new thresholding function to process various signals ***,the findings reveal that the improved PSO outperforms the variants of PSO.

关键词： Continuous wave interference(CWI) IRNSS Particle swarm optimization(PSO) Wavelet packet transform(WPT)