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integrating insulin-like growth factor 1 and sex hormones into neuroprotection:implications for diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第2期8卷 45-55页

作者： jacob Huffman Christina Hoffmann George T taylor Behavioral Neuroscience Program Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of MissouriSt. interfakultare Biomedizinische Forschung-seinrichtung der Universitat Heidelberg

Brain integrity and cognitive aptitude are often impaired in patients with diabetes mellitus, presumably a result of the metabolic complications inherent to the disease. However, an increasing body of evidence has demonstrated the central role of insulin-like growth factor 1(iGF1) and its relation to sex hormones in many neuroprotective processes. Both male and female patients with diabetes display abnormal iGF1 and sexhormone levels but the comparison of these fluctuations is seldom a topic of interest. it is interesting to note that both iGF1 and sex hormones have the ability to regulate phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases-extracellular signal-related kinasesignaling cascades in animal and cell culture models of neuroprotection. Additionally, there is considerable evidence demonstrating the neuroprotective coupling of iGF1 and estrogen. Androgens have also been implicated in many neuroprotective processes that operate on similar signaling cascades as the estrogen-iGF1 relation. Yet, androgens have not been directly linked to the brain iGF1 system and neuroprotection. Despite the sex-specific variations in brain integrity and hormone levels observed in diabetic patients, the iGF1-sex hormone relation in neuroprotection has yet to be fully substantiated in experimental models of diabetes. Taken together, there is a clear need for the comprehensive analysis of sex differences on brain integrity of diabetic patients and the relationship between iGF1 and sex hormones that may influence brain-health outcomes. As such, this review will briefly outline the basic relation of diabetes and iGF1 and its role in neuroprotection. We will also consider the findings on sex hormones and diabetes as a basis for separately analyzing males and females to identify possible hormone-induced brain abnormalities. Finally, we will introduce the neuroprotective interplay of iGF1 and estrogen and how androgen-derived neuroprotection operates through similar si

关键词： Diabetes Androgens Estrogen insulin insulin-like growth factor 1 Neuroprotection Brain integrity Cognition

Ultrafast terahertz emission from emerging symmetry-broken materials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1216-1245页

作者： jacob Pettine Prashant Padmanabhan Nicholas Sirica Rohit P.Prasankumar Antoinette J.taylor Hou-Tong Chen Center for integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA Deep Science Fund Intellectual VenturesBellevueWA 98005USA

Nonlinear optical spectroscopies are powerful tools for investigating both static material properties and light-induced ***(THz)emission spectroscopy has emerged in the past several decades as a versatile method for directly tracking the ultrafast evolution of physical properties,quasiparticle distributions,and order parameters within bulk materials and nanoscale *** optically-induced THz radiation is often analyzed mechanistically in terms of relative contributions from nonlinear polarization,magnetization,and various transient free charge *** this offers material-specific insights,more fundamental symmetry considerations enable the generalization of measured nonlinear tensors to much broader classes of *** thus frame the present discussion in terms of underlying broken symmetries,which enable THz emission by defining a system directionality in space and/or time,as well as more detailed point group symmetries that determine the nonlinear response *** this framework,we survey a selection of recent studies that utilize THz emission spectroscopy to uncover basic properties and complex behaviors of emerging materials,including strongly correlated,magnetic,multiferroic,and topological *** then turn to low-dimensional systems to explore the role of designer nanoscale structuring and corresponding symmetries that enable or enhance THz *** serves as a promising route for probing nanoscale physics and ultrafast light-matter interactions,as well as facilitating advances in integrated THz ***,the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic material symmetries,in addition to hybrid structuring,may stimulate the discovery of exotic properties and phenomena beyond existing material paradigms.

关键词： symmetry enable nonlinear

Gait analysis in swine,sheep,and goats after neurologic injury:a literature review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1917-1924页

作者： jacob W.Sveum Raveena R.Mishra taylor L.Marti Jalon M.Jones Daniel J.Hellenbrand Amgad S.Hanna Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health(UWSMPH)MadisonWIUSA

Medical research on neurologic ailments requires representative animal models to validate treatments before they are translated to human clinical *** are the predominant animal model used in neurological research despite limited anatomic and physiologic similarities to *** a result,functional testing designed to assess locomotor recovery after neurologic impairment is well established in rodent ***,large r,more clinically relevant models have not been as well *** achieve similar locomotor testing standardization in larger animals,the models must be accessible to a wide array of ***-human primates are the most relevant animal model fo r translational research,however ethical and financial barriers limit their *** review focuses on swine,sheep,and goats as large animal alternatives for transitional studies between rodents and non-human *** objective of this review is to compare motor testing and data collection methods used in swine,sheep,and goats to encourage testing standardization in these larger animal *** PubMed database was analyzed by searching combinations of swine,sheep,and goats,neurologic injuries,and functional *** were categorized by animal model,data collection method,and assessment *** and sheep were used in the majority of the studies,while only two studies were found using *** functional assessments included open pen analysis,treadmill walking,and guided free *** collection methods included subjective behavioral rating scales and objective tools such as pressure-sensitive mats and image-based analysis ***,swine and sheep were well-suited for a variety of assessment designs,with treadmill walking and guided free walking offering the most consistency across multiple *** collection methods varied,but image-based gait analysis software provided the most robust *** studies should be conducted to stan

关键词： functional testing gait analysis goats large animals neurologic injury sheep spinal cord injury swine

Cellular plasticity and metastasis in breast cancer: a pre- and post-malignant problem

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第6期4卷 15-34页

作者： jacob M.Smigiel Sarah E.taylor Benjamin L.Bryson ilaria Tamagno Kelsey Polak Mark W.Jackson Department of Pathology Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOH 44106USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA

As a field we have made tremendous strides in treating breast cancer,with a decline in the past 30 years of overall breast cancer ***,this progress is met with little affect once the disease spreads beyond the primary *** a 5-year survival rate of 22%,10-year of 13%,for those patients with metastatic breast cancer(mBC),our ability to effectively treat wide spread disease is minimal.A major contributing factor to this ineffectiveness is the complex make-up,or heterogeneity,of the primary *** a primary tumor,secreted factors,malignant and pre-malignant epithelial cells,immune cells,stromal fibroblasts and many others all reside alongside each other creating a dynamic environment contributing to ***,heterogeneity contributes to our lack of understanding regarding the cells'remarkable ability to undergo epithelial/non-cancer stem cell(CSC)to mesenchymal/CSC(E-M/CSC)*** enhanced invasion&motility,tumor-initiating potential,and acquired therapeutic resistance which accompanies E-M/CSC plasticity implicates a significant role in *** most work trying to understand E-M/CSC plasticity has been done on malignant cells,recent evidence is emerging concerning the ability for pre-malignant cells to undergo E-M/CSC plasticity and contribute to the metastatic *** we will discuss the importance of E-M/CSC plasticity within malignant and pre-malignant populations of the ***,we will discuss how one may potentially target these populations,ultimately disrupting the metastatic cascade and increasing patient survival for those with mBC.

关键词： Cell plasticity pre-malignant plasticity breast cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition/cancer stem cell metastasis

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澳大利亚洛雷托学院

设计 2015年第16期28卷 30-31页

作者： jacob Alicia taylor

这栋女子学校位于澳大利亚的布里斯班,这是一栋新修建的、具有双重目的的设施。建筑物于2014年10月开始的一个新学年正式开始使用,这栋建筑物最后扩建并形成了一个表演艺术的剧院。建筑师的设计方案来自于大量的合作与沟通,及为师生的... 详细信息

这栋女子学校位于澳大利亚的布里斯班,这是一栋新修建的、具有双重目的的设施。建筑物于2014年10月开始的一个新学年正式开始使用,这栋建筑物最后扩建并形成了一个表演艺术的剧院。建筑师的设计方案来自于大量的合作与沟通,及为师生的教学和学习创造一个鼓舞人心的空间这个集体的愿望。

关键词：澳大利亚学院表演艺术建筑物建筑师剧院空间

Towards a standard diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: impact of dietary fat source

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第33期25卷 4904-4920页

作者： Michelle L Boland Denise Oro Kirstine S T■lb■l Sebastian T Thrane Jens Christian Nielsen taylor S Cohen David E Tabor Fiona Fernandes Andrey Tovchigrechko Sanne S Veidal Paul Warrener Bret R Sellman jacob Jelsing Michael Feigh Niels Vrang James L Trevaskis Henrik H Hansen Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolic DiseasesMedImmuneGaithersburgMD 20878United States Pharmacology GubraH■rsholm DK-2970Denmark

BACKGROUND The trans-fat containing AMLN(amylin liver non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)diet has been extensively validated in C57BL/6J mice with or without the Lep^ob/Lep^ob(ob/ob)mutation in the leptin gene for reliably inducing metabolic and liver histopathological changes recapitulating hallmarks of *** to a recent ban on trans-fats as food additive,there is a marked need for developing a new diet capable of promoting a compatible level of disease in ob/ob and C57BL/6J *** To develop a biopsy-confirmed mouse model of NASH based on an obesogenic diet with trans-fat substituted by saturated *** Male ob/ob mice were fed AMLN diet or a modified AMLN diet with trans-fat(Primex shortening)substituted by equivalent amounts of palm oil[Gubra amylin NASH,(GAN)diet]for 8,12 and 16 wk.C57BL/6J mice were fed the same diets for 28 *** and GAN diets had similar caloric content(40%fat kcal),fructose(22%)and cholesterol(2%)*** The GAN diet was more obesogenic compared to the AMLN diet and impaired glucose ***-confirmed steatosis,lobular inflammation,hepatocyte ballooning,fibrotic liver lesions and hepatic transcriptome changes were similar in ob/ob mice fed the GAN or AMLN diet.C57BL/6J mice developed a mild to moderate fibrotic NASH phenotype when fed the same *** Substitution of Primex with palm oil promotes a similar phenotype of biopsyconfirmed NASH in ob/ob and C57BL/6J mice,making GAN diet-induced obese mouse models suitable for characterizing novel NASH treatments.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis High-fat diet Mouse model Histopathology Fibrosis Liver biopsy Liver transcriptome

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光的拓扑物理

物理 2014年第5期43卷 339-339页

作者：李永庆 Mohammad Hafezi jacob M. taylor 中国科学院物理研究所不详

物理学家用很多性质对系统进行分类和理解，例如大家熟知的有颜包、质疑和长度。本文的主题是一个更微妙的性质，即一个系统的拓扑。上世纪八十年代，物理学家就认以列一些物理性质完全由系统的拓扑来决定。

关键词：物理学家拓扑物理性质系统

血清B族维生素与食管癌和胃贲门癌发病风险关系的前瞻性研究

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血清B族维生素与食管癌和胃贲门癌发病风险关系的前瞻性研究

区域气候模式REMO对中国气温和降水模拟能力的评估

全国肿瘤流行病学和肿瘤病因学学术会议

作者：任建松 Gwen Murphy 范金虎 Sanford Dawsey Philip taylor jacob Selhub 乔友林 Christian Abnet 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院城市癌症早诊早治项目办公室 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院流行病学研究室 Jean Mayer U.S.Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University

目的通过前瞻性的研究设计,探讨血清B族维生素水平与食管癌和胃贲门癌发病风险的关系。方法采用病例-队列研究设计,从中国林县营养干预试验一般人群队列中纳入研究对象。1985年3月至1991年5月,共有29584名40-69岁的健康成年人进入队列...

目的通过前瞻性的研究设计,探讨血清B族维生素水平与食管癌和胃贲门癌发病风险的关系。方法采用病例-队列研究设计,从中国林县营养干预试验一般人群队列中纳入研究对象。1985年3月至1991年5月,共有29584名40-69岁的健康成年人进入队列。经过5.25年的随访,从新诊断的病例中随机抽取498例食管癌病例和255例胃贲门癌病例组成各自病例组。经年龄与性别匹配,从全部队列人群中随机抽取947例研究对象组成亚队列组。对所有最终纳入的研究对象在进入队列时采集的血清进行B族维生素的检测,包括维生素B2（核黄素）、黄素单核苷酸（维生素B2的一种辅酶）、维生素B6、叶酸和维生素B12。利用多因素Cox比例风险模型估计血清B族维生素水平与食管癌和胃贲门癌发病风险的关系。结果与血清维生素B2最低组（＜9.9 nmol/L）相比,最高组（≥18.3nmol/L）食管癌发病风险低44%（HR:0.56,95%Ci:0.41-0.75）。黄素单核苷酸增加食管癌（HR:1.08,95%Ci:1.01-1.16）和胃贲门癌（HR:1.09,95%Ci:1.00-1.20）的发病风险。结论多种B族维生素血清浓度与食管癌和胃贲门癌发病风险相关。其中,血清维生素B2浓度高对食管癌发病具有保护作用。

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来源： cnki会议评论

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气候变化研究进展 2016年第4期12卷 286-293页

作者：徐经纬徐敏蒋熹 ArmelleReca C.Remedio Dmitry V.Sein Nikolay Koldunov Daniela jacob 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/资料同化研究与应用中心南京210008 江苏省气象局南京210008 Climate Service Center Germany (GERiCS) Hamburg 20095 German Alfred Wegener institute (AWi) Bremerhaven 27568 German

采用泰勒图和偏差分析等统计方法,评估分析了德国区域气候模式(REMO)对中国1989—2008年气温和降水的模拟能力。结果表明:REMO气温模拟值与观测值空间相关系数为0.94,降水空间相关系数较低(0.42),气温模拟结果明显优于降水;从空间偏差上... 详细信息

采用泰勒图和偏差分析等统计方法,评估分析了德国区域气候模式(REMO)对中国1989—2008年气温和降水的模拟能力。结果表明:REMO气温模拟值与观测值空间相关系数为0.94,降水空间相关系数较低(0.42),气温模拟结果明显优于降水;从空间偏差上看,在中国大部分地区,REMO模拟的气温高于观测值,偏差在±4℃以内,青藏高原整体有明显的-4^-2℃的冷偏差;模拟的降水值则高于观测值,空间偏差分布较均匀,中国大部分地区偏差在±300mm之内;除青藏高原、华南和西南地区外,REMO能较准确地反映出中国气温和降水的空间分布特征,其中华北和东北地区模拟效果最好;REMO对夏季气温和冬季降水的模拟能力相对较好;REMO在地形起伏较大地区的模拟能力有待提高。

关键词：区域气候模式(REMO) 气温降水模拟能力评估