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Effects of creep feeding and supplemental glutamine or glutamine plus glutamate (Aminogut) on pre- and post-weaning growth performance and intestinal health of piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 211-222页

作者： Rafael A Cabrera James L Usry Consuelo Arrellano Eduardo T nogueira Marianne Kutschenko Adam J Moeser jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA Huvepharma USA 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City GA 30269 USA Ajinomoto Heartland Lysine Department of Statistics North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695-8203 USA Ajinomoto do Brasil. Ajinomoto Animal nutrition Sāo Paulo SP 04015-001 Brazil Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA Laboratory of Developmental nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA

Background： Creep feeding is used to stimulate piglet post-weaning feed consumption.L-Glutamine（GLn） is an important source of fuel for intestinal epithelial *** objective of this study was to determine the impact of creep feeding and adding GLn or AminoGut（AG;containing glutamine ＋ glutamate） to pre-and post-weaning diets on pig performance and intestinal ***（n = 120） were allotted to four treatments during 14–21 d of lactation： 1） no creep feed（nC,n = 45）;2） creep fed control diet（CFCD,n = 45）;3） creep fed 1% GLn（CFGLn,n = 15）;4） creep fed.88% AG（CFAG,n = 15）.After weaning,the nC and CFCD groups were sub-divided into three groups（n = 15 each）,receiving either a control nursery diet（nC-CD,CFCD-CD） or a diet supplemented with either GLn（nC-GLn,CFCD-GLn） or with AG（nC-AG,CFCD-AG）.Litters that were creep fed with diets containing GLn or AG also were supplemented with those amino acids in the nursery diets（CFGLn-GLn,CFAG-AG）.Glutamine was added at 1% in all three post-weaning diet phases and AG was added at.88% in phase 1 and 2 and at.66% in phase ***： Feed conversion（feed/gain） showed means among treatment means close to significance（P = 0.056） and Tukey＇s test for pairwise mean comparisons showed that Pigs in the CFGLn-GLn group had the best feed conversion（feed/gain） in the first three-week period post-weaning,exceeding（P = 0.044） controls（CFCD-CD） by 34%.The nC-AG group had（P = 0.02） the greatest feed intake in the last three week of the study,exceeding controls（CFCD-CD） by 12%.CFGLn-GLn,CFCD-GLn and sow reared（SR） pigs had the greatest（P = 0.049） villi height exceeding the CFCD-AG group by 18%,20% and 19% *** CFAG-AG group had the deepest（P = 0.001） crypts among all ***-GLn,CFCD-GLn and SR groups had the greatest（P = 0.001） number of cells proliferating（PCnA） exceeding those in the nC-CD group by 43%,54% and 63% *** reared pigs showed the greatest（P = 0.001） intestinal absorption capacity for xylose and

关键词： Creep feeding Glutamine Growth performance Intestinal health SEM Villi

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Tuning the charge distribution and crystal field of iron single atoms via iron oxide integration for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction in zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 154-163,I0006页

作者： Feifei Zhang Yinlong Zhu Yijun Zhong Jing Zou Yu Chen Lianhai Zu Zhouyou Wang jack Jon Hinsch Yun Wang Lian Zhang Zongping Shao Huanting Wang Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Institute for Frontier Science Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016JiangsuChina WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering(WASM-MECE)Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia Department of Chemical Engineering The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy School of Environment and ScienceGriffith UniversityGold Coast CampusSouthportQLD 4222Australia

Metal-air batteries face a great challenge in developing efficient and durable low-cost oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)***-atom iron catalysts embedded into nitrogen doped carbon(Fe-n-C)have emerged as attractive materials for potential replacement of Pt in ORR,but their catalytic performance was limited by the symmetrical electronic structure distribution around the single-atom Fe ***,we report our findings in significantly enhancing the ORR performance of Fe-n-C by moderate Fe_(2)O_(3) integration via the strong electronic ***,the optimized catalyst(M-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Fe_(SA)@nC)exhibits excellent activity,durability and good tolerance to methanol,outperforming the benchmark Pt/C *** M-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Fe_(SA)@nC catalyst was used in a practical zinc-air battery assembly,peak power density of 155 mW cm^(-2)and specific capacity of 762 mA h g_(Zn)^(-1)were achieved and the battery assembly has shown superior cycling stability over a period of 200 *** importantly,theoretical studies suggest that the introduction of Fe_(2)O_(3) can evoke the crystal field alteration and electron redistribution on single Fe atoms,which can break the symmetric charge distribution of Fe-n_(4) and thereby optimize the corresponding adsorption energy of intermediates to promote the O_(2)*** study provides a new pathway to promote the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Oxide nanoclusters Electronic interactions Oxygen reduction reaction Zn-air battery

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Source-sink relations and responses to sink-source manipulations during grain filling in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第6期21卷 1593-1605页

作者： WU Xiao-li LIU Miao LI Chao-su Allen David(jack)MCHUGH LI Ming XIOnG Tao LIU Yu-bin TAnG Yong-lu Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066P.R.China Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130P.R.China Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610066P.R.China The International Wheat and Maize Improvement Centre(CIMMYT) Chengdu 610066P.R.China Xichang Agricultural Science Research Institute Liangshan 618300P.R.China

The source-sink ratio during grain filling is a critical factor that affects crop yield in wheat,and the main objective of this study was to determine the source-sink relations at both the canopy scale and the individual culm level under two nitrogen(n)levels at the post-jointing *** widely-used cultivars were chosen for analyzing source-sink relations in southwestern China;and three typical cultivars of different plant types were subjected to artificial manipulation of the grain-filling source-sink ratio to supplement crop growth measurements.A field experiment was conducted over two consecutive seasons under two n rates(n+,150 kg ha^(-1);n-,60 kg ha^(-1)),and three manipulations were imposed after anthesis:control(Ct),removal of flag and penultimate leaves(Lr)and removal of spikelets on one side of each spike(Sr).The results showed that the single grain weights in the three cultivars were significantly decreased by Lr and increased by Sr,which demonstrated that wheat grain yield potential seems more source-limited than sink-limited during grain filling,but the source-sink balance was obviously changed by climatic variations and n deficient *** yield was highly associated with sink capacity(SICA),grain number,biomass,SPAD values,and leaf area index during grain filling,indicating a higher degree of source limitation with an increase in sink ***,source limitation should be taken into account by breeders when SICA is increased,especially under non-limiting *** 104,a half-compact type with a mid-sized spike and a long narrow upper leaf,showed relatively better performance in source-sink *** this cultivar showed the characteristics of a lower reduction in grain weight after Lr,a larger increase after Sr,and a lower reduction in post-anthesis dry matter accumulation,then the greater current photosynthesis during grain filling contributed to the grain after source and sink manipulation.

关键词： source-sink relations source-sink manipulation grain weight nitrogen levels

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Effects of Plant Density on Boll Retention and Yield of Cotton in the Mid-South

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 891-906页

作者： jack C. McCarty Johnie n. Jenkins Russell W. Hayes Martin J. Wubben Genetics and Sustainable Agriculture Research Unit Crop Science Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Starkville MS USA

The number of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants being grown per unit of land area has gained attention due to the technology fees associated with seed containing value added traits. We investigated boll retention, yield, and yield components of cotton grown with reduced stands of 20% to 40% from the uniform planting pattern of four seeds per 30.5 cm of row. Five field experiments were conducted from 2012-2014 using eight treatments arranged in a randomized complete design with six replications. Yield and yield component data were collected. The plant one-row skip one-row treatment resulted in significant yield losses across all five experiments compared to the uniform planting pattern. Treatments with 20% stand reductions did not result in lower total yields;however, each plant in these treatments had to produce two additional bolls to maintain yield. Treatments which had at least 61 cm skips, 40% stand reduction, resulted in lower yields. Treatments had minor affects on boll weight, and lint percentage. The uniform planting pattern produced 67% of its yield from position one bolls compared to about 50% for treatments with reduced stands. Reduced stand treatments produced about 20% of their yield on monopodial branches compared to 10% for the uniform treatment. With modern precision planting equipments, opportunities exist to reduce seed rate and maintain yield;however, many production risk factors must also be considered before a reduced seeding rate is adopted.

关键词： Cotton Plant Population Fruit Retention Plant Skips

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Chromosome Substitution Lines:Useful Genomic Resources in Cotton

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棉花学报 2008年第S1期20卷 111-页

作者： SAHA Sukumar JEnKInS Johnie n MCARTY jack C STELLY David USDA-ARS Crop Science Research Laboratory P.O.Box 5367 Mississippi State Dept.Soil & Crop Sciences TAMU College Station

The genus Gossypium is a very diverse one with about 50 ***,a very narrow germplasm base is presently being used for genetic improvement of Upland *** wild

关键词： CS

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Disubstituted piperazine analogues of trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine and methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine: analytical differentiation and serotonin receptor binding studies

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Forensic Sciences Research 2018年第2期3卷 161-169页

作者： jack DeRuiter Ashleigh Van Cleave Audinei de Sousa Moura Younis Abiedalla C.Randall Clark Department of Drug Discovery and Development Harrison School of PharmacyAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA Department of Pharmacy Federal University of PiauiTeresinaBrazil Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Medicinal ChemistryOmar Al-Mukhtar UniversityEl-BeidaLibya

A series of n,n-disubstituted piperazines were synthesized containing the structural elements of both methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBP) and trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine (TFMPP)in a single *** six potential designer drug molecules having a regioisomeric relationship were compared in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy and serotonin receptor affinity *** compounds were separated by capillary gas chromatography on an Rxi(R)-17Sil MS stationary phase film and the elution order appears to be determined by the position of aromatic ring *** majority of electron ionization mass spectral fragment ions occur via processes initiated by one of the two nitrogen atoms of the piperazine *** major electron ionization mass spectrometry (El-MS) fragment ions observed in all six of these regioisomeric substances occur at m/z =364,229,163 and *** relative intensity of the various fragment ions is also equivalent in each of the six El-MS *** vapour phase infrared spectra provide a number of absorption bands to differentiate among the six individual compounds on this regioisomeric ***,the mass spectra place these compounds into a single group and the vapour phase infrared spectra differentiate among the six regioisomeric *** of the TFMPP-MDBP regioisomers displayed significant binding to 5-HT2B receptors and in contrast to 3-TFMPP,most of these TFMPP-MDBP isomers did not show significant binding at 5-HT1 receptor *** the 3-TFMPP-3,4-MDBP (Compound 5) isomer displayed affinity comparable to 3-TFMPP at 5-HT1A receptors (Ki =188 nmol/L).

关键词： Forensic science forensic toxicology gas chromatography-mass spectrometry gas chromatography-infrared spectroscopy regioisomers receptors serotonin disubstituted piperazines

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Effect of dietary fiber and threonine content on intestinal barrier function in pigs challenged with either systemic *** lipopolysaccharide or enteric Salmonella Typhimurium

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 724-735页

作者： Michael O.Wellington Kimberley Hamonic jack E.C.Krone John K.Htoo Andrew G.Van Kessel Daniel A.Columbus Prairie Swine Centre Inc.SaskatoonSK S7H 5N9Canada Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Evonik nutrition&Care GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany

Background:The independent and interactive effects of dietary fiber(DF)and threonine(Thr)were investigated in growing pigs challenged with either systemic *** lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or enteric Salmonella Typhimurium(ST)to characterise their effect on intestinal barrier ***:In experiment 1,intestinal barrier function was assessed via oral lactulose and mannitol(L:M)gavage and fecal mucin analysis in pigs challenged with *** LPS and fed low fiber(LF)or high fiber(HF)diets with graded dietary *** lactulose recovery and L:M ratio increased(Png the LPS inoculation period in LF fed pigs but not in HF fed *** mucin output was increased(Pn pigs fed HF compared to LF fed *** experiment 2,RT-qPCR,ileal morphology,digesta volatile fatty acid(VFA)content,and fecal mucin output were measured in Salmonella Typhimurium challenged pigs,fed LF or HF diets with standard or supplemented dietary *** inoculation increased(Pn output compared to the unchallenged *** Thr increased fecal mucin output in the HF-fed pigs(Fib×Thr;Png HF increased(Pncentration in cecum and *** effect of either Thr or fiber on expression of gene markers was observed except a tendency(P=0.06)for increased MUC2 expression with the HF *** HF increased goblet cell numbers(Pnclusion:Dietary fiber appears to improve barrier function through increased mucin production capacity(i.e.,goblet cell numbers,MUC2 gene expression)and secretion(i.e.,fecal mucin output).The lack of effect of dietary Thr in Salmonella-challenged pigs provides further evidence that mucin secretion in the gut is conserved and,therefore,Thr may be limiting for growth under conditions of increased mucin production.

关键词： Barrier function E.coli lipopolysaccharide Fiber Goblet cells Mucin Salmonella Swine Threonine

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抗生素对大豆组织培养物的抑制效应

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中国油料 1991年第1期13卷 45-47页

作者：张开旺 jack Widholm 黑龙江省农业科学院大豆所美国伊利诺斯大学农学系

将大豆悬浮培养细胞及大豆幼胚培养物置于不同浓度的卡(Kanamycin)、G_(418)和潮毒素(Hygromycin)中培养,观察三种抗生素对大豆组织生长及其形态的抑制作用。结果表明,G_(418)的抑制作用最明显,完全抑制大豆悬浮培养细胞和幼胚再生芽生... 详细信息

将大豆悬浮培养细胞及大豆幼胚培养物置于不同浓度的卡(Kanamycin)、G_(418)和潮毒素(Hygromycin)中培养,观察三种抗生素对大豆组织生长及其形态的抑制作用。结果表明,G_(418)的抑制作用最明显,完全抑制大豆悬浮培养细胞和幼胚再生芽生长的有效浓度分别为3μg/ml和25μg/m1。

关键词：大豆组织培养抑制效应抗生素

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Agricultural Risk Factors Influence Microbial Ecology in Honghu Lake

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2019年第1期17卷 76-90页

作者： Maozhen Han Melissa Dsouza Chunyu Zhou Hongjun Li Junqian Zhang Chaoyun Chen Qi Yao Chaofang Zhong Hao Zhou jack A Gilbert Zhi Wang Kang ning Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecularimaging Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation of Hubei Institute of Geodesy and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences The Microbiome Center Department of Surgery University of Chicago Argonne national Laboratory Biosciences Division Marine Biological Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Water Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Agricultural activities, including stock-farming, planting industry, and fish aquaculture,can affect the physicochemical and biological characters of freshwater lakes. However, the effects of pollution producing by agricultural activities on microbial ecosystem of lakes remain ***, in this work, we selected Honghu Lake as a typical lake that is influenced by agriculture activities. We collected water and sediment samples from 18 sites, which span a wide range of areas from impacted and less-impacted areas. We performed a geospatial analysis on the composition of microbial communities associated with physicochemical properties and antibiotic pollution of samples. The co-occurrence networks of water and sediment were also built and analyzed. Our results showed that the microbial communities of impacted and less-impacted samples of water were largely driven by the concentrations of Tn, TP, nO_3^--n, and nO_2^--n, while those of sediment were affected by the concentrations of Sed-OM and Sed-Tn. Antibiotics have also played important roles in shaping these microbial communities: the concentrations of oxytetracycline and tetracycline clearly reflected the variance in taxonomic diversity and predicted functional diversity between impacted and less-impacted sites in water and sediment samples, respectively. Furthermore, for samples from both water and sediment, large differences of network topology structures between impacted and less-impacted were also observed. Our results provide compelling evidence that the microbial community can be used as a sentinel of eutrophication and antibiotics pollution risk associated with agricultural activity; and that proper monitoring of this environment is vital to maintain a sustainable environment in Honghu Lake.

关键词： Freshwater Microbial communities Agriculture activities Antibiotics Human impact

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Interspecific Chromosome Substitution Lines as Genetic Resources for Improvement,Trait Analysis and Genomic Inference

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棉花学报 2008年第S1期20卷 84-页

作者： RASKA Dwaine A SAHA Sukumar JEnKInS Johnie n MCCARTY jack C STELLY David M Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station USDA-ARS Crop Science Research Laboratory Mississippi State

The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very *** AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,***,and *** are part of

关键词： CS Interspecific Chromosome Substitution Lines as Genetic Resources for Improvement,Trait Analysis and Genomic Inference

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