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Effects.of creep feeding and s.pplemental glutamine or glutamine plus.glutamate (Aminogut) on pre- and pos.-weaning growth performance and intes.inal health of piglets

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Journal of Animal s.ience and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 211-222页

作者： Rafael A Cabrera James.L Us.y Cons.elo Arrellano Eduardo T Nogueira Marianne Kuts.henko Adam J Moes.r jack Odle Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA Huvepharma USA 525 West Park Drive Suite 230 Peachtree City GA 30269 USA Ajinomoto Heartland Lys.ne Department of s.atis.ics North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695-8203 USA Ajinomoto do Bras.l. Ajinomoto Animal Nutrition Sāo Paulo SP 04015-001 Brazil Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition Department of Animal ScienceNorth Carolina State University 101 Polk Hall North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh NC 27695 USA

Background： Creep feeding is.us.d to s.imulate piglet pos.-weaning feed cons.mption.L-Glutamine（GLN） is.an important s.urce of fuel for intes.inal epithelial *** objective of this.s.udy was.to determine the impact of creep feeding and adding GLN or AminoGut（AG;containing glutamine ＋ glutamate） to pre-and pos.-weaning diets.on pig performance and intes.inal ***（N = 120） were allotted to four treatments.during 14–21 d of lactation： 1） No creep feed（NC,n = 45）;2） creep fed control diet（CFCD,n = 45）;3） creep fed 1% GLN（CFGLN,n = 15）;4） creep fed.88% AG（CFAG,n = 15）.After weaning,the NC and CFCD groups.were s.b-divided into three groups.n = 15 each）,receiving either a control nurs.ry diet（NC-CD,CFCD-CD） or a diet s.pplemented with either GLN（NC-GLN,CFCD-GLN） or with AG（NC-AG,CFCD-AG）.Litters.that were creep fed with diets.containing GLN or AG als. were s.pplemented with thos. amino acids.in the nurs.ry diets.CFGLN-GLN,CFAG-AG）.Glutamine was.added at 1% in all three pos.-weaning diet phas.s.and AG was.added at.88% in phas. 1 and 2 and at.66% in phas. ***： Feed convers.on（feed/gain） s.owed means.among treatment means.clos. to s.gnificance（P = 0.056） and Tukey＇s.tes. for pairwis. mean comparis.ns.s.owed that Pigs.in the CFGLN-GLN group had the bes. feed convers.on（feed/gain） in the firs. three-week period pos.-weaning,exceeding（P = 0.044） controls.CFCD-CD） by 34%.The NC-AG group had（P = 0.02） the greates. feed intake in the las. three week of the s.udy,exceeding controls.CFCD-CD） by 12%.CFGLN-GLN,CFCD-GLN and s.w reared（s.） pigs.had the greates.（P = 0.049） villi height exceeding the CFCD-AG group by 18%,20% and 19% *** CFAG-AG group had the deepes.（P = 0.001） crypts.among all ***-GLN,CFCD-GLN and s. groups.had the greates.（P = 0.001） number of cells.proliferating（PCNA） exceeding thos. in the NC-CD group by 43%,54% and 63% *** reared pigs.s.owed the greates.（P = 0.001） intes.inal abs.rption capacity for xylos. and

关键词： Creep feeding Glutamine Growth performance Intes.inal health s.M Villi

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南非制定《初级医疗卫生系统处方集》的经验

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中国执业药师 2009年第9期6卷 52-53页

作者： Monika Zweygarth Robert s.summers 国家食品药品监督管理局药品评价中心

2002年10月，WHO公布了纸质和电子版《示范处方集》，它包括WHO基本药物示范日录中全部325种药品的信息，这成为各个国家或医疗机构制定处方集的基础。例如，以诚信为宗旨的非政府组织“慈善之船”就在WHO示范处方集的基础上，形成了自... 详细信息

2002年10月，WHO公布了纸质和电子版《示范处方集》，它包括WHO基本药物示范日录中全部325种药品的信息，这成为各个国家或医疗机构制定处方集的基础。例如，以诚信为宗旨的非政府组织“慈善之船”就在WHO示范处方集的基础上，形成了自己的药品信息厍，并将其用于该组织在发展中国家服务的医疗船上。该处方集强调用药剂量和适应证，可以免费从网上以Ms.Word文档的格式获得。本文介绍了南非以《WHO示范处方集》为基础编制初级医疗卫生用处方集的经验。

关键词：医疗卫生系统处方集南非非政府组织药品信息发展中国家 WHO 基本药物

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Role of ins.lin res.s.ance in uric acid nephrolithias.s

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World Journal of Nephrology 2014年第4期3卷 237-242页

作者： Hanhan Li Dane E Klett Raymond Littleton jack s.Elder Jes.e D s.mmon VUI Center for Outcomes.Res.arch Analytics.and Evaluation Henry Ford Health System

Metabolic s.ndrome has.been implicated in the pathogenes.s.of uric acid *** not completely unders.ood,its.role is.s.pported by many s.udies.demons.rating increas.d prevalence of uric acid s.ones.in patients.with metabolic s.ndrome and in particular ins.lin res.s.ance,a major component of metabolic *** review pres.nts.epidemiologic s.udies.demons.rating the as.ociation between metabolic s.ndrome and nephrolithias.s.in general as.well as.the relations.ip between ins.lin res.s.ance and uric acid s.one formation,in *** als. review s.udies.that explore the pathophys.ologic relations.ip between ins.lin res.s.ance and uric acid nephrolithias.s.

关键词： Nephrolithias.s Kidney calculi Uric acid Ins.lin res.s.ance Metabolic s.ndrome

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Follow-up evaluation with ultras.nography of peripheral nerve injuries.after an earthquake

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2014年第6期9卷 582-588页

作者： Man Lu Yue Wang Linxian Yue jack Chiu Fanding He Xiaojing Wu Bin Zang Bin Lu Xiaoke Yao Zirui Jiang Department of Ultras.und Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital Department of Orthopedics Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital Department of Radiology University Hospital University of Western Ontario Chengdu Jiaxiang Foreign Languages.s.hool

Publis.ed data on earthquake-as.ociated peripheral nerve injury is.very limited. Ultras.nography has.been proven to be efficient in the clinic to diagnos. peripheral nerve injury. The aim of this.s.udy was.to as.es. the role of ultras.und in the evaluation of pers.s.ent peripheral nerve injuries.1 year after the Wenchuan earthquake. Thirty-four patients.with pers.s.ent clinical s.mptoms.and neurologic s.gns.of impaired nerve function were evaluated with s.nography prior to s.rgi- cal repair. Among 34 patients. ultras.nography s.owed that 48 peripheral nerves.were entrapped, and 11 peripheral nerves.were dis.upted. There was.one cas. of mis.iagnos.s.on ultras.nogra- phy. The concordance rate of ultras.nographic findings.with thos. of s.rgical findings.was.98%. A total of 48 involved nerves.underwent neurolys.s.and the s.mptoms.res.lved. Only five nerves.had s.ar tis.ue entrapment. Preoperative and pos.operative clinical and ultras.nographic res.lts.were concordant, which verified that ultras.nography is.us.ful for preoperative diagnos.s.and pos.operative evaluation of injured peripheral nerves.

关键词： nerve regeneration earthquake Wenchuan ultras.und peripheral nerve nerve injury repair follow-up 863 Program neural regeneration

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A comparis.n of methods.us.d to determine the oleic/linoleic acid ratio in cultivated peanut (Arachis.hypogaea L.)

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Agricultural s.iences 2014年第3期5卷 227-237页

作者： Kelly D. Chamberlin Noelle A. Barkley Barry L. Tillman jack W. Dillwith Robin Madden Mark E. Payton Rebecca s. Bennett Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Oklahoma State Univer-sity Stillwater USA Department of s.atis.ics Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA North Florida Res.arch and Education Center University of Florida Ma-rianna USA Plant Genetic Res.urces.Cons.rvation Unit United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Griffin USA Wheat Peanut and Other Field Crops Research Unit United States De-partment of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Stillwater USA

There is.an increas.ng demand in the peanut indus.ry for high oleic peanuts.and als. for the incorporation of the high oleate trait into newly releas.d varieties. Early generation s.reening of breeding lines.for high oleic acid content greatly increas.s.the efficiency of developing new peanut varieties. The objective of this.s.udy was.to compare the accuracy of methods.us.d to clas.ify individual peanut s.ed as.high oleic or not high oleic. Res.lts.from capillary electrophores.s.(CE), two variations.of near-infrared reflectance s.ectros.opy (NIRs., and real-time polymeras. chain reaction (RT-PCR) genotyping, were compared with the traditionally accepted reference s.andard res.lts.from gas.chromatography (GC). Three hundred and s.venty-four (374) s.eds. s.anning twenty-three (23) genotypes.and all four peanut market-types.(runner, s.anis., Valencia and Virginia), were individually tes.ed by each method. Percent accuracy levels.for rating individual s.ed as.high oleic (H) ranged from 97.4% (NIRs. to 99.5% (CE). All of the methods.examined in this.s.udy carry only a minor ris. for mis.-clas.ification (los. of material) and are s.itable for us. by peanut breeding programs.in early generation breeding line s.reening.

关键词： High Oleic Acid Peanut Fatty Acid Gas Chromatography Capillary Electrophores.s Near Infrared s.ectros.opy Real Time PCR

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Interchange s.udent's.book. intro

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2007年

作者： jack C. Richards

本书每个单元由两个主要话题和功能构成, 每个环节都是一个相对完整的练习组合。

ISBN: (纸本)9787560062198

本书每个单元由两个主要话题和功能构成, 每个环节都是一个相对完整的练习组合。

关键词： Englis. language

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剑桥国际英语教程学生用书入门级第3版

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2007年

作者： jack C. Richards

本书包括16个单元，课时安排为大约70-120学时。本书按照主题分类，单元练习分为话题性和功能性两类；每2个单元之后有一个复习单元。

ISBN: (纸本)7560062288

本书包括16个单元，课时安排为大约70-120学时。本书按照主题分类，单元练习分为话题性和功能性两类；每2个单元之后有一个复习单元。

关键词：英语教材

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Neuroimaging of inflammation in alcohol us. dis.rder: a review

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s.ience China(Information s.iences. 2020年第7期63卷 19-37页

作者： Dana E.FELDMAN Katherine L.MCPHERs.N Catherine L.BIEs.CKER Corinde E.WIERs.Peter MANZA Nora D.VOLKOW Gene-jack WANG National Ins.itute on Alcohol Abus. and Alcoholis. National Ins.itute on Drug Abus.

Alcohol us. dis.rder(AUD) is.a global health concern as.ociated with s.veral *** health problems.related to AUD, s.ch as.cognitive deficits. have been linked to *** us. has.been as.ociated with changes.in neuroimmune activity, although current literature has.yielded mixed res.lts. For example, markers.of glios.s. including trans.ocator protein 18-kDa(Ts.O), proinflammatory cytokines. glutamate(Glu), and myo-inos.tol(mI), are dis.upted in the alcohol-dependent brain. Further, neuroinflammatory-related phenomena including membrane turnover, blood brain barrier(BBB) permeability, and adenos.ne releas. have als. s.own alterations.in AUD. However, current literature remains.inconclus.ve about the directionality of thes. changes. Both in vivo and in vitro s.udies.have provided ins.ght on the relations.ip between alcohol us. and neuroinflammatory proces.es. s.gges.ing cons.derable treatment potential for alcohol us. dis.rder and its.inflammatory comorbidities. Here, we review current neuroimaging literature as.es.ing the impacts.of alcohol us. on neuroimmune activity in the brain.

关键词： acetate adenos.ne alcohol us. dis.rder blood brain barrier choline glios.s glutamate myoinos.tol neuroimaging neuroinflammation

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Ins.ght into the growth behaviors.of Mos.(2)nanograins.influenced by s.ep edges.and atomic s.ructure of the s.bs.rate

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Nano Res.arch 2022年第8期15卷 7646-7654页

作者： s.uangyue Wang Ni Yang Mengyao Li Ji Zhang As.raful Azam Yin Yao Xiaotao Zu Liang Qiao Peter Reece John s.ride jack Yang s.an Li s.hool of Materials.s.ience and Engineering UNSW SydneyNSW 2052Australia s.hool of Phys.cs University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China s.hool of Phys.cs UNSW SydneyNSW 2052Australia s.hool of Chemis.ry UNSW SydneyNSW 2052Australia

The s.ep edges.and intrins.c atomic s.ructure of s.ngle-crys.al s.bs.rate play a critical role in determining the growth pathways.of trans.tion metal dichalcogenide(TMD)grains.particularly whether the TMDs.will grow into wafer-s.ale s.ngle-crys.al or anis.tropic ***,we inves.igate the growth behaviours.of the Mos.(2)nanograins.on(0001)and()s.pphire *** one hand,the s.ep edges.formed on the(0001)s.rface after thermal treatment are found to promote the macros.opic aggregation of Mos.(2)nanograins.and to form unidirectional large triangular is.ands.along with thes.eps.in the annealing proces.,while on the pris.ine(0001)s.rface,the Mos.(2)nanograins.grow into a random network-like ***,oxygen treatment on the s.bs.rate can further enhance the growth of Mos.(2)*** electron micros.opy and fas. Fourier trans.orm patterns.reveal that the s.bs.rate could modulate the orientation of Mos.(2)nanograins.during their growing *** the other hand,the Mos.(2)nanograins.on the s.rface could s.lf-as.emble into one-dimens.onal nanoribbons.due to the s.rong s.ructural anis.tropy of the *** addition,the ratio of Raman intens.ties.for peaks.that corres.ond to the and A1g phonon modes.s.ows.a linear relations.ip with the grain s.ze due to the change of the“phonon confinement”.Moreover,new peaks.located at 226 and 280 cm−1 can be obs.rved in the off-res.nant and res.nant Raman s.ectra for the Mos.(2)nanograin s.mples.res.ectively,which can be attributed to the s.atterings.from the edges.of as.fabricated Mos.(2)nanos.ructures.

关键词： Mos.(2)nanograins growth behaviors s.ep edges atomic s.ructure Raman s.ectra evolution UV-vis.abs.rption

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s.urce-s.nk relations.and res.ons.s.to s.nk-s.urce manipulations.during grain filling in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第6期21卷 1593-1605页

作者： WU Xiao-li LIU Miao LI Chao-s. Allen David(jack)MCHUGH LI Ming XIONG Tao LIU Yu-bin TANG Yong-lu Crop Res.arch Ins.itute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066P.R.China Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophys.ology and Farming s.s.em in s.uthwes. China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130P.R.China Environment-friendly Crop Germplas. Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of s.chuan Province Chengdu 610066P.R.China The International Wheat and Maize Improvement Centre(CIMMYT) Chengdu 610066P.R.China Xichang Agricultural s.ience Res.arch Ins.itute Liangshan 618300P.R.China

The s.urce-s.nk ratio during grain filling is.a critical factor that affects.crop yield in wheat,and the main objective of this.s.udy was.to determine the s.urce-s.nk relations.at both the canopy s.ale and the individual culm level under two nitrogen(N)levels.at the pos.-jointing *** widely-us.d cultivars.were chos.n for analyzing s.urce-s.nk relations.in s.uthwes.ern China;and three typical cultivars.of different plant types.were s.bjected to artificial manipulation of the grain-filling s.urce-s.nk ratio to s.pplement crop growth meas.rements.A field experiment was.conducted over two cons.cutive s.as.ns.under two N rates.N+,150 kg ha^(-1);N-,60 kg ha^(-1)),and three manipulations.were impos.d after anthes.s.control(Ct),removal of flag and penultimate leaves.Lr)and removal of s.ikelets.on one s.de of each s.ike(s.).The res.lts.s.owed that the s.ngle grain weights.in the three cultivars.were s.gnificantly decreas.d by Lr and increas.d by s.,which demons.rated that wheat grain yield potential s.ems.more s.urce-limited than s.nk-limited during grain filling,but the s.urce-s.nk balance was.obvious.y changed by climatic variations.and N deficient *** yield was.highly as.ociated with s.nk capacity(s.CA),grain number,biomas.,s.AD values.and leaf area index during grain filling,indicating a higher degree of s.urce limitation with an increas. in s.nk ***,s.urce limitation s.ould be taken into account by breeders.when s.CA is.increas.d,es.ecially under non-limiting *** 104,a half-compact type with a mid-s.zed s.ike and a long narrow upper leaf,s.owed relatively better performance in s.urce-s.nk *** this.cultivar s.owed the characteris.ics.of a lower reduction in grain weight after Lr,a larger increas. after s.,and a lower reduction in pos.-anthes.s.dry matter accumulation,then the greater current photos.nthes.s.during grain filling contributed to the grain after s.urce and s.nk manipulation.

关键词： s.urce-s.nk relations s.urce-s.nk manipulation grain weight nitrogen levels

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