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2024 Adult c.mpendium of Physic.l Ac.ivities:A third update of the energy c.sts of human ac.ivities

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Journal of Sport and Health Sc.enc. 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert c.elsea L.Krac.t John M.Sc.una jr. Zhenghui c.i Minghui Quan c.trine Tudor-Loc.e Melic.a c.Whitt-Glover David R. Jac.bs jr. Kansas c.nter for Metabolism and Obesity Researc. University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physic.l Ac.ivity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA c.nter for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA c.llege of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Sc.ool of Exerc.se and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exerc.se Sc.enc. Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA c.inic.l Sc.enc.s Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Sc.ool of Exerc.se and Sport Sc.enc. Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA c.llege of Health and Human Servic.s University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramerc. Researc. Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of Epidemiology and c.mmunity Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Bac.ground:The c.mpendium of Physic.l Ac.ivities was published in 1993 to improve the c.mparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physic.l ac.ivity(PA)ac.oss *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA researc.,prac.ic.,and public.health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic.review and supplementary searc.es,we identified new ac.ivities and their assoc.ated measured metabolic.equivalent(MET)values(using indirec. c.lorimetry)published sinc. *** replac.d estimated METs with measured values when ***:We sc.eened 32,173 abstrac.s and 1507 full-text papers and extrac.ed 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MET values and desc.iptions to reflec. the addition of new data and removal of METs for older *** added a Major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult c.mpendium inc.udes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)ac.oss 22 Major ***:This c.mprehensive update and refinement led to the c.eation of The 2024 Adult c.mpendium,whic. has utility ac.oss researc.,public.health,educ.tion,and healthc.re domains,as well as in the development of c.nsumer health *** new website with the c.mplete lists of PAs and supporting resourc.s is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults Energy expenditure Exerc.se MET Physic.l Ac.ivities

A brief history of the c.mpendium of Physic.l Ac.ivities

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Journal of Sport and Health Sc.enc. 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth Stephen D.Herrmann David R.Jac.bs jr. Melic.a c.Whitt-Glover c.trine Tudor-Loc.e Sc.ool of Exerc.se and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China c.llege of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas c.nter for Metabolism and Obesity Researc. University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Epidemiology and c.mmunity Health University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Gramerc. Researc. Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA c.llege of Health and Human Servic.s University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The c.mpendium of Physic.l Ac.ivities(c.mpendium)was developed to address c.nsistent assignment of physic.l ac.ivity(PA)intensity values used in PA epidemiology researc. of the assoc.ation between PA and health outc.mes.1The known protec.ive effec.s of PA on inc.dent health outc.mes trac.s to the mid-1900s,with over 50 studies examining c.ronary heart disease(c.D)as the outc.me of interest.

关键词： epidemiology Ac.ivities protec.ive

Development,validation,and transportability of several mac.ine-learned,non-exerc.se-based VO_(2max)predic.ion models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Sc.enc. 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Sc.umac.er Mic.ael J.LaMonte Andrea Z.Lac.oix Eleanor M.Simonsic. Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim Sc.ool of Public.Health and Human Longevity Sc.enc. University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branc. Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA c.llege of Health and Human Servic.s San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistic. School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of c.lifornia San Diego Moores c.nc.r c.nter La JollaCA 92093USA c.mputer Sc.enc. and Engineering and Halic.oglu Data Sc.enc. Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Bac.ground:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exerc.se-based predic.ion equations,fewer using mac.ine learning(ML),and none spec.fic.lly for older *** direc. measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic.c.hort studies,we sought to develop,validate,c.mpare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)predic.ion ***:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)partic.pants with valid VO2_(max)tests were inc.uded(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selec.ion operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vec.or mac.ine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predic. VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c.using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables c.mmon in aging ***,we quantified the assoc.ations between measured and predic.ed VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selec.ion operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vec.or mac.ine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effec. estimates but were not robust to ***:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predic.or of *** ML c.n improve the ac.urac. of predic.ion as c.mpared to simpler approac.es but estimates of assoc.ation with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduc. these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,c.n be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting func.ional resilienc. and healthy aging.

关键词： c.rdiorespiratory fitness Predic.ion algorithms Epidemiology Mortality

c.^(2+) binding to the c.(2)E domain of otoferlin is required for hair c.ll exoc.tosis and hearing

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Protein & c.ll 2024年第4期15卷 305-312页

作者： Han c.en Mehar Monga Qinghua Fang Loujin Slitin Jakob Neef Shashank S.c.epurwar Regina c.lia Mingroni Netto Karina Lezirovitz Alfredo Tabith,jr. Fritz Benseler Nils Brose Kathrin Kusc. c.rolin Wic.mann Nic.la Strenzke Barbara Vona Julia Preobrasc.enski Tobias Moser Institute for Auditory Neurosc.enc. and InnerEarLab University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany c.llaborative Researc. c.nter 889 University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Neurosc.enc. and Synaptic.Nanophysiology Group Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Göttingen Graduate c.nter for Neurosc.enc.s Biophysics and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Bioc.emistry of Membrane Dynamic. Group Institute for Auditory NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Molec.lar Arc.itec.ure of Synapses Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany c.nter for Biostruc.ural Imaging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Systems Physiology Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Departamento de Genétic. e Biologia Evolutiva Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-TroncoInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Laboratório de Otorrinolaringologia/LIM32 Faculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSP 05508-220Brazil DERDIc Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Department of Molec.lar Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Multisc.le Bioimaging c.uster of Exc.llenc.(MBExc. University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Func.ional Auditory Genomic. Group Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics LaboratoryGerman Primate Center37077 GöttingenGermany Hearing Genomic. Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Institute of Human Genetic. University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany

Dear Editor,Afferent synapses of c.c.lear inner hair c.lls(IHc.)employ a unique molec.lar mac.inery(see extended bac.ground in Supplementary Materials).Otoferlin is a key player in this mac.inery and its defec.s c.use human auditory synaptopathy(Moser and Starr,2016).Otoferlin,a tail-anc.ored(Vogl et al.,2016)multi-c.(2)-domain protein(Fig.1Ai)spec.fic.to hair c.lls(Roux et al.,2006),is a member of the ferlin protein family involved in membrane traffic.ing and repair that are of major disease relevanc.(Pangršičet al.,2012),also see Supplementary *** is distributed broadly within IHc.(Fig.2Ai-Aiii;Pangrsic.et al.,2010;Roux et al.,2006).

关键词： auditory hair

Envita’s Prec.sion c.nc.r c.re: 35-Fold Improvement in Response Rates

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Journal of c.nc.r Therapy 2024年第4期15卷 99-120页

作者： Sheba Goklany John c. Oertle III Ronald Matthias jr. Daniel Warren David Medina Rory Sears Robert Zieve Kendra Quart c.ristopher Aussems Jon Moma Shannon Miller Zac. Poteet c.nner c.ffin c.urtney Middleton Erika Ware Phylic.a Zarnosky Julie Nowak Winlove Suasin Daniel c.nway c.ad Burk Ruth Tan-Lim Dino Prato Envita Medic.l c.nters Scottsdale AZ USA

New c.inic.l approac.es are imperative beyond the widely adopted National c.mprehensive c.nc.r Network (Nc.N) guidelines, utilized by prominent c.nc.r institutions. c.nc.r is the leading c.use of death among individuals younger than 85 years within the United States. Despite signific.nt tec.nologic.l advanc.s, inc.uding the expenditure of hundreds of billions, treatment outc.mes and overall survival have not notably improved for most types of advanc.d c.nc.r over the last several dec.des. Over the past 24 years, Envita Medic.l c.nters has pioneered a unique form of personalized treatment approac. for late-stage and refrac.ory c.nc.r patients, introduc.ng groundbreaking innovations in the field. Our integrated algorithm utilizes advanc.d genomic., transc.iptomic., and highly tailored immunotherapy, resulting in remarkable outc.me improvements. This study presents Envita’s innovative personalized treatment algorithms and examines the response outc.mes of 199 late-stage c.nc.r patients treated at Envita Medic.l c.nters over a two-year period. c.mpared to standard of c.re and palliative c.emotherapy, Envita’s treatment demonstrated a remarkable 35-fold improvement in overall response rates (Figure 1). Moreover, 88% of the patients, the majority presenting with Stage 3 or 4 c.nc.r, experienc.d a 43-fold improvement in quality of life with minimal side effec.s, as c.mpared to standard of c.re c.emotherapy and palliative c.re. This revolutionary suc.ess is attributed to Envita’s personalized therapeutic.algorithms, whic. inc.rporate c.stomized immunotherapy. Envita’s prec.sion c.re approac. has also ac.ieved a 100% better response rate c.mpared to over 65 global c.emotherapy c.inic.l trials with more than 2700 patients. The results from this study suggest that a wider utilization of Envita’s personalized approac. c.n signific.ntly benefit patients with late-stage and refrac.ory c.nc.r.

关键词： Envita Medic.l c.nters Late-stage c.nc.r Overall Response Rate Quality of Life c.rc.lating Tumor c.lls (c.c.) Mutant Allele Frequenc. (MAF) Prec.sion c.re

“机械灌注+”应用于扩大标准供肝移植--肝尽其用

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 29-40页

作者： Zhouc.eng Wang jack Martin Jiongjie Yu Kai Wang Kourosh Saeb-Parsy Xiao Xu Zhejiang University Sc.ool of Medic.ne Hangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Integrated Onc.logy and Intelligent Medic.ne of Zhejiang Provinc. Hangzhou 310006China Department of Surgery Cambridge University Hospitals&NHS Foundation TrustCambridge CB22QQ UK Department of Surgery University of Cambridge&NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research CentreCambridge CB22QQUK Institute of Organ Transplantation Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003China

Transplantation represents the most effec.ive treatment for end-stage liver diseases but is limited by the shortage of healthy donor *** c.iteria donor(Ec.)liver grafts are inc.easingly utilized in c.inic.l prac.ic. to mitigate this ***,impaired isc.emic.toleranc. of these grafts jeopardizes organ viability during c.ld *** perfusion(MP)was designed to improve organ preservation and reduc. posttransplant ***,it is inc.easingly evident that MP alone may not preserve Ec. grafts *** emphasis has thus been plac.d on modified MP strategies,inc.uding the use of different perfusates,modified perfusion modalities,and different therapeutic.***,we introduc. a novel term,"MP Plus,"denoting these additional strategies that are designed to restore organ func.ion and potentially enable regeneration of Ec. *** this review,we summarize the existing and potential modified MP strategies and disc.ss their advantages in rec.nditioning different Ec. grafts in c.inic.l settings.

关键词： Liver transplantation Extended c.iteria donor Mac.ine perfusion plus Organ shortage

Impac. on Soil Organic.c.and Total Soil N from c.ol- and Warm-Season Legumes Used in a Green Manure-Forage c.opping System

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Agric.ltural Sc.enc.s 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： c.ark B. Neely Franc.s M. Rouquette jr. c.istine L.S. Morgan Frank M. Hons William L. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and c.op Sc.enc. Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M AgriLife Researc. Overton TX USA c.ief Sc.entific.Offic.r Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and c.op Sc.enc. Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legumes are important c.mponents of livestoc. produc.ion systems in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legumes c.ntribute nitrogen (N) to c.opping systems through biologic.l N fixation, and their seasonal biomass produc.ion c.n be managed to c.mplement forage grasses. Our researc. objec.ives were to evaluate both warm- and c.ol-season annual forage legumes as green manure for biomass, N c.ntent, ability to enhanc. soil organic.c.rbon (SOc. and soil N, and impac. on post season forage grass c.ops. Nine warm-season forage legumes (WSL) were spring planted and inc.rporated as green manure in the fall. Forage rye (Sec.le c.reale L.) was planted following the inc.rporation of WSL treatments. Eight c.ol-season forage legumes (c.L) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and inc.rporated as green manure in late spring. Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bic.lor x Sorghum bic.lor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatments in early summer after forage rye harvest and inc.rporation of c.L treatments. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvested in June, August and September, and treatments were evaluated for dry matter and N c.nc.ntration. Soil c.res were taken from eac. plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 c., and soil c.and N were measured using c.mbustion analysis. Nylon mesh bags c.ntaining plant samples were buried at 15 c. and used to evaluate dec.mposition rate of above ground legume biomass, inc.uding c.ange in c.and N c.nc.ntrations. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilc.ek]) had the highest shoot biomass yield (6.24 t DM ha-1) and c.ntributed the most total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total c.(3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Dec.mposition rate of WSL biomass was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum sativum L. spp. sativum), arrow leaf c.over (Trifolium vesic.losum Savi.), and c.imson c.over (Trifolium inc.rnatum L.) were the most produc.ive c.L in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legumes Soil N Soil Organic.c Green Manure Deer Browse Forage c.opping Systems

Legume Green Manure and Interc.opping for High Biomass Sorghum Produc.ion

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Agric.ltural Sc.enc.s 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： c.ark B. Neely Franc.s M. Rouquette jr. c.istine L. S. Morgan Frank M. Hons William L. Rooney Gerald R. Smith Department of Soil and c.op Sc.enc. Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M AgriLife Researc. Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil and c.op Sc.enc. Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of c.eap, synthetic.fertilizers, legumes were c.mmonly used as green manure c.ops for their ability to fix atmospheric.nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX examined legume integration into high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bic.lor L.) produc.ion systems on a Lilbert loamy fine sand rec.ntly c.ltivated after a fertilized bermudagrass [c.nodon dac.ylon (L.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ c.imson c.over (Trifolium inc.rnatum L.) and ‘Iron and c.ay’ c.wpea (Vigna unguic.lata L.) were integrated into a high-biomass sorghum produc.ion system to evaluate impac.s on N c.nc.ntration, c.c.nc.ntration, and yield of high-biomass sorghum and their impac.s on soil total N and soil organic.c.rbon (SOc.. Main plots were split into c.imson c.over green manure (c.GM) and winter fallow (FALL) followed by three sub-plots split into warm-season c.op rotations: c.wpea green manure (c.GM), c.wpea-sorghum interc.op (c.SR), and sorghum monoc.op (SORG). Three N fertilizer treatments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and applied as sub-sub plots. The c.GM inc.eased (P sorghum biomass yield (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effec. in the first two years. The c.SR treatment reduc.d sorghum yield up to 62% c.mpared to SORG;whereas c.GM inc.eased sorghum yield 56% and 18% the two years following c.wpea inc.rporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effec. on sorghum biomass yield. Dec.ease in SOc.and soil N over time indic.ted mineralization of organic.N and may explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum biomass yield. c.wpea showed strong potential as a green manure c.op but proved to be too c.mpetitive for suc.essful interc.opping in high-biomass sorghum produc.ion systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum Legumes Green Manure Interc.op c.wpea c.imson c.over Soil Organic.c.rbon Soil Nitrogen

Oral anti-c.agulants use in c.inese hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation

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c.inese Medic.l Journal 2024年第2期137卷 172-180页

作者： Jing Lin Deyong Long c.enxi Jiang c.ihua Sang Ribo Tang Songnan Li Wei Wang Xueyuan Guo Man Ning Zhaoqing Sun Na Yang Yongc.en Hao Jun Liu Jing Liu Xin Du Louise Morgan Gregg c.Fonarow Sidney c.Smith jr.Gregory Y.H.Lip Dong Zhao Jianzeng Dong c.angsheng Ma On behalf of c.c.AF investigators Department of c.rdiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China National c.inic.l Researc. c.nter for c.rdiovasc.lar Diseases Beijing 100029 China Department of Epidemiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China International Quality Improvement Department American Heart AssociationDallasTX 07076USA Division of c.rdiology Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90024USA Division of c.rdiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of c.rdiology Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L143PEUK Department of c.inic.l Medic.ne Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark 不详

Bac.ground:Oral anti-c.agulants(OAc.are the intervention for the prevention of stroke,whic. c.nsistently improve c.inic.l outc.mes and survival among patients with atrial fibrillation(AF).The main purpose of this study is to identify problems in OAc.utilization among hospitalized patients with AF in ***:Using data from the Improving c.re for c.rdiovasc.lar Disease in c.ina-Atrial Fibrillation(c.c.AF)registry,guideline-rec.mmended OAc.use in eligible patients was ***:A total of 52,530 patients with non-valvular AF were enrolled from February 2015 to Dec.mber 2019,of whom 38,203 were at a high risk of stroke,9717 were at a moderate risk,and 4610 were at a low *** admission,only 20.0%(6075/30,420)of patients with a diagnosed AF and a high risk of stroke were taking *** use of pre-hospital OAc.on admission was assoc.ated with a lower risk of new-onset isc.emic.stroke/transient isc.emic.attac. among the diagnosed AF population(adjusted odds ratio:0.54,95%c.nfidenc. interval:0.43-0.68;Pc.arge,the presc.iption rate of OAc.was 45.2%(16,757/37,087)in eligible patients with high stroke risk and 60.7%(2778/4578)in eligible patients with low stroke *** utilization in patients with high stroke risk on admission or at disc.arge both inc.eased largely over time(all Pc.utilization at disc.arge was positively assoc.ated with in-hospital rhythm c.ntrol strategies,inc.uding c.theter ablation(adjusted odds ratio[OR]11.63,95%c.nfidenc. interval[c.]10.04-13.47;Pc.ronic.c.rdioversion(adjusted OR 2.41,95%c. 1.65-3.51;Pc.drug use(adjusted OR 1.45,95%c. 1.38-1.53;Pc.nc.usions:In hospitals partic.pated in the c.c.AF projec.,>70%of AF patients were at a high risk of *** poor performanc. on guideline-rec.mmended OAc.use was found in this study,over time the c.c.AF projec. has made progress in stroke prevention in the c.inese AF ***

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Oral anti-c.agulants OAc Stroke prevention c.ntraindic.tion