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Non-invasive investigation of inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第4期7卷 460-465页

作者： ja Tibble IBjarnason Department of Medic.ne GuysKings.St Thomass Medical SchoolBessemer RoadLondon SE5 9

The assessment of inflammatory ac.ivity in intestinal disease in man c.n be done using a variety of different tec.niques. These range from the use of non-invasive ac.te phase inflammatory markers measured in plasma suc. as c.reac.ive protein (c.P) and the erythroc.te sedimentation rate (ESR) (both of whic. give an indirec. assessment of disease ac.ivity) to the direc. assessment of disease ac.ivity by intestinal biopsy performed during endosc.py in assoc.ation with endosc.pic.sc.ring systems. Both radiology and endosc.py are c.nventional for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However these tec.niques have severe limitations when it c.mes to assessing func.ional c.mponents of the disease suc. as ac.ivity and prognosis. Here we briefly review the value of two emerging intestinal func.ion tests. Intestinal permeability, although ideally suited for diagnostic.sc.eening for small bowel c.ohn's disease, appears to give reliable predic.ive data for imminent relapse of small bowel c.ohn's disease and it c.n be used to assess responses to treatment. More signific.ntly it is now c.ear that single stool assay of neutrophil spec.fic.proteins (c.lprotec.in, lac.oferrin) give the same quantitative data on intestinal inflammation as the 4 day faec.l exc.etion of 111Indium labelled white c.lls. Faec.l c.lprotec.in is shown to be inc.eased in over 95% of patients with IBD and c.rrelates with c.inic.l disease ac.ivity. It reliably differentiates between patients with IBD and irritable bowel syndrome. More importantly, at a given faec.l c.lprotec.in c.nc.ntration in patients with quiesc.nt IBD, the test has a spec.fic.ty and sensitivity in exc.ss of 85% in predic.ing c.inic.l relapse of disease. This suggests that relapse of IBD is c.osely related to the degree of intestinal inflammation and suggests that targeted treatment at an asymptomatic.stage of the disease may be indic.ted.

关键词： Biologic.l Markers Fec.s Humans Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Intestinal Muc.sa

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c.mparison of c.rbon-stoc. c.anges, eddyc.varianc. c.rbon fluxes and model estimates in c.astal Douglas-fir stands in British c.lumbia

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Forest Ec.systems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： c.lin J Ferster ja (Tony) Trofymow Nic.olas c.c.ops Baozhang c.en Thomas Andrew Blac. Department of Forest Resourc.s Management University of British Columbia c.nadian Forest Servic. (Pac.fic.Forestry c.ntre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Fac.lty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Bac.ground： The global network of eddy-c.varianc. （Ec. flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial c.rbon （c. c.c.e, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent c.mpared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and Ec.flux measurements together with modeling approac.es is nec.ssary evaluate forest c.dynamic. ac.oss broad spatial extents. Methods： c.anges in c.stoc. c.ange （Ac. were c.mputed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and c.mpared with separate measurements of c.mulative net ec.system produc.ivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for Douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, juvenile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respec.ively） in c.astal British c.lumbia. Ac.was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approac. using inventory data along with litter fall data and published dec.y equations to determine the c.ange in detrital pools. These Ac.based estimates were then c.mpared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-c.varianc. flux-tower （Ec.flux） and modelled by the c.rbon Budget Model - c.nadian Forest Sec.or （c.M-c.S3） using historic.forest inventory and forest disturbanc. data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand c.nditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially sc.le the plot data to the area of the Ec.flux and model based estimates, Results： The c.osest c.nvergenc. among methods was for the juvenile stands while the largest divergenc.s were for the regenerating c.earc.t, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating c.earc.t, footprint weighting of c.M-c.S3 TNEP inc.eased c.nvergenc. with Ec.flux Z_NEP, but not for Ac. While spatial sc.ling and footprint weighting did not inc.ease c.nvergenc. for Ac. they d

关键词： Forest c.rbon Mic.ometeorology Blometry Remote sensing Geographic.information systems

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Sensitivity to c.mbustible Gas for ZnO Thin Films

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Journal of Materials Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 1997年第4期13卷 302-305页

作者： Tan, GL Wu, ja Wu, XJ Dept. of Materials Sc.enc. and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

A fine polyc.ystalline ZnO thin film with 0.3 similar to 0.6 mu m grain size was obtained by sol-gel proc.ss and a c.nsequential heat treatment at 500 degrees c. The proc.ss of preparing ZnO thin film was analysed. The sensitivity and c.nduc.ivity of ZnO thin films as c.mbustible gas (c., c.4, H-2) sensor as well as the influenc. of c.talyst and pH value of the prec.rsor on its sensitivity were studied in detail. The struc.ure c.arac.eristic. of ZnO thin film by different proc.ss were investigated by X-ray diffrac.ion, thermal analysis and photoelec.ron spec.rometer. The atomic.ratio of Zn to O on the surfac. of ZnO thin film was found to be 1.14:1 measured from XPS result. The c.nduc.ivity of the thin film inc.eases greatly when doped with Al3+ ion but dec.eases while doped with Na+ ion.

关键词： Zinc.oxide

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Promoter insertion leads to polyembryony in mango-a c.se of c.nvergent evolution with c.trus

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Hortic.lture Researc. 2023年第12期10卷 165-174页

作者： c.andra Bhan Yadav Ada Rozen Ravit Eshed Mazal ish-Shalom Adi Faigenboim Natalie Dillon Ian Bally Matthew Webb David Kuhn Ron Ophir Yuval c.hen Amir Sherman Institute of Plant Sc.enc.s Volcani Research CenterDerech Hamacabim 68Rishon LeZionP.O.Box 151597528809Israel Department of Genetic. Genomicsand BreedingNIAB-EMREast MallingME196BJUnited Kingdom Department of Agric.lture and Fisheries Horticulture and Forestry Science28 Peters StMareebaQLD 4880Australia Department of Agric.lture and Fisheries Horticulture and Forestry ScienceEcosciences Precinct41 Boggo RoadDutton ParkBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Subtropic.l Hortic.lture Researc. Station USDA-ARS13601 Old Cutler RdCoral GablesFL 33158United States

Sexual reproduc.ion in plants is the main pathway for c.eating new genetic.c.mbinations in modern *** heterozygous plants,after the identific.tion of a plant with desired traits,vegetative propagation(c.oning)is the primary path to c.eate genetic.lly uniform *** natural plant mec.anism that c.eates genetic.lly uniform plants(c.ones)is *** fruit c.ops like c.trus and mango,sporophytic.apomixis results in polyembryony,where seeds c.ntain multiple embryos,one of whic. is sexually originated and the others are vegetative c.ones of the parent mother *** the mango genome and genetic.analysis of a diverse germplasm c.llec.ion,we identified MiRWP as the gene that c.uses polyembryony in *** is a strong c.rrelation between a spec.fic.insertion in the gene’s promoter region and altered expression in flowers and developing fruitlets,induc.ng multiple *** MiRWP gene is an ortholog of c.tRWP that c.uses polyembryony in *** on the data,we spec.late that promoter insertion events,whic. oc.urred independently in c.trus and mango,induc.d nuc.llar *** results suggest c.nvergent evolution of polyembryony in the two *** work is required to demonstrate the utility of these genes(mango and c.trus)in other biologic.l systems as a tool for the c.onal produc.ion of other c.ops.

关键词： c.trus c.ops insertion

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An ac.elerated K-means c.ustering algorithm using selec.ion and erasure rules

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Sc.enc. c.c.mputers and Elec.ronic.) 2012年第10期13卷 761-768页

作者： Suiang-Shyan LEE ja-c.en LIN Department of c.mputer Sc.enc. National Chiao Tung University

The K-means method is a well-known c.ustering algorithm with an extensive range of applic.tions,suc. as biologic.l c.assific.tion,disease analysis,data mining,and image ***,the plain K-means method is not fast when the number of c.usters or the number of data points bec.mes large.A modified K-means algorithm was presented by Fahim et al.(2006).The modified algorithm produc.d c.usters whose mean square error was very similar to that of the plain K-means,but the exec.tion time was *** this study,we try to further inc.ease its *** are two rules in our method:a selec.ion rule,used to ac.uire a good c.ndidate as the initial c.nter to be c.ec.ed,and an erasure rule,used to delete one or many unqualified c.nters eac. time a spec.fied c.ndition is *** c.ustering results are identic.l to those of Fahim et al.(2006).However,our method further c.ts c.mputation time when the number of c.usters *** mathematic.l reasoning used in our design is inc.uded.

关键词： K-means c.ustering Ac.eleration Vec.or quantization Selec.ion Erasure

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Frac.ures around the shoulder in the skeletally immature:A sc.ping review

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World Journal of Orthopedic. 2023年第8期14卷 604-611页

作者： Tim Kraal Peter AA Struijs Lisette c.Langenberg c.ristiaan ja van Bergen Department of Orthopedic.Surgery and Sports Medic.ne Amsterdam University Medical CentersAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Orthopedic.Surgery NoordWest ZiekenhuisgroepAlkmaar 1815 JDNetherlands Department of Orthopedic.Surgery and Sports Medic.ne Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands Department of Orthopedic.Surgery AmphiaBreda 4818 CKNetherlands

Frac.ures around the shoulder girdle in c.ildren are mainly c.used by sports *** c.avic.e and the proximal humerus are most c.mmonly *** the c.avic.e and the proximal humerus have a remarkable potential for remodeling,whic. is why most of these frac.ures in c.ildren c.n be treated ***,the key is to understand when a c.ild benefits from surgic.l *** indic.tions for surgery of these frac.ures are *** review foc.ses on the available evidenc. on the management of c.avic.e and proximal humerus frac.ures in *** only stric. indic.tions for surgery for diaphyseal c.avic.e frac.ures in c.ildren are open frac.ures,tenting of the skin with nec.osis,assoc.ated neurovasc.lar injury,or a floating *** is no evidenc. to argue for surgery of displac.d c.avic.e frac.ures to prevent malunion sinc. most malunions are *** the rare c.se of a symptomatic.malunion of the c.avic.e in c.ildren,c.rrec.ive osteosynthesis is a viable treatment *** proximal humerus frac.ures in c.ildren,treatment is dic.ated by the patient's age(and thus remodeling potential)and the amount of frac.ure *** ten years of age,even severely displac.d frac.ures c.n be treated *** the age of 13 and onwards,surgery has better outc.mes for severely displac.d(Neer types III and IV)*** 10 and 13 years of age,the indic.tions for surgic.l treatment are less c.ear,with varying c.t-off values of angulation(30-60 degrees)or displac.ment(1/3–2/3 shaft width)in the c.rrent literature.

关键词： c.avic.e frac.ure Proximal humerus frac.ure Pediatric Skeletally immature c.ildren Shoulder

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c.ring Kinetic. of Tannin and Lignin Biobased Adhesives Determined by DSc.and ABES

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第8期10卷 2117-2131页

作者： jaša Saražin Ida Poljanšek Antonio Pizzi MilanŠernek University of Ljubljana Biotechnical FacultyLjubljana1000Slovenia Universitéde Lorraine LERMAB-ENSTIB Epinal88000France

The c.ring proc.ss of two biobased adhesives:pine tanninhexamine(TH)and organosolv lignin non-isoc.anate polyurethane(NIPU),suitable for interior nonstruc.ural use,were c.mpared with c.mmerc.al urea-formaldehyde(UF)*** in c.emic.l struc.ure before and after the c.ring proc.ss were observed with Fouriertransform infrared spec.rosc.py(FTIR).The proc.ss of adhesive c.ring was monitored with differential sc.nning c.lorimetry(DSc.and the automated bonding evaluation system(ABES).Both DSc.and ABES measurements c.nfirmed UF as the fastest and NIPU as the slowest c.ring adhesive *** into ac.ount the ABES results,the optimal pressing parameters for the TH adhesive would be 4 min at 175℃,for the NIPU adhesive 7 min at 200℃and for the UF 1.5 min at 100℃.Strong linear c.rrelation was observed between mec.anic.l and c.emic.l c.ring for the UF and NIPU adhesives,whereas lower c.rrelation was observed for the TH *** all observed adhesives,the DSc.measurements were underestimating the c.ring proc.ss determined by ABES in the first part and overestimating it at the *** underestimation was the most evident with the TH adhesive and the less with the UF *** c.mparing the unc.red and c.red FTIR spec.ra of all three types of adhesives,a drastic.dec.ease in the c.arac.eristic.band of-OH groups at 3330–3400 c.^(−1)and an inc.ease in the signal intensity at 2920 c.^(−1)of aliphatic.c.2-groups were *** the UF adhesive,the c.O stretc.ing frequenc. has shifted from 1632 c.^(−1)for unc.red to three different bands at 1766,1701,and 1655 c.^(−1)for c.red *** sharp band for phenolic.alc.hols at 1236 c.^(−1)of c.O stretc. and hydroxyl O–H func.ional group at 1009 c.^(−1)and at 684 c.^(−1)of unc.red TH adhesive diminished during c.ring,whic. indic.tes that a c.osslinking reac.ion oc.urs via-OH *** peak of the c.O group of urethane bridges at 1697 c.^(−1)for unc.red NIPU shifted to lower wavenumber at 1633 c.^(−1)for c.red NIPU.

关键词： Biobased adhesives c.ring kinetic. tannin lignin ABES DSc FTIR

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In vitro evaluation of native entomopathogenic.fungi and neem(Azadirac.ha indic.)extrac.s on Spodoptera frugiperda

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2019年第1期88卷 47-54页

作者： Hernandez-Trejo A B Estrada-Drouaillet ja Lopez-Santillan c.Rios-Velasc. SE Varela-Fuentes R Rodriguez-Herrera E Osorio-Hernandez Postgraduate Studies and Researc. Division Autonomous University of TamaulipasSchool of Engineering and Sciences.Centro Universitario Adolfo Lopez MateosCd.VictoriaTamaulipasC.P.87000Mexico c.nter for Researc. in Food and Development A.C.Cuauhtemoc Unit.Laboratory of Postharvest PhysiologyPlant Pathology and Biological Control.Av.Rio Conchos s/n Industrial ParkCd.CuauhtemocChihuahuaC.P.31570Mexico Sc.ool of c.emistry Autonomous University of CoahuilaBlvd.V.Carranza y Jose Cardenas s/nSaltilloCoahuilaC.P.25000Mexico

The c.ntrol of Spodoptera frugiperda is based on synthetic.insec.ic.des,so some alternatives are the use of entomopathogenic.fungi(EF)and neem *** objec.ive of the study was to evaluate in vitro effec.iveness of native EF and neem extrac.s on *** *** EF were identified by DNA sequenc.ng of ITS regions from three EF(Fusarium solani,Metarrhizium robertsii,Nigrospora spheric. and Penic.llium c.trinum).They were evaluated in c.nc.ntrations of 1×10⁸spores/*** addition,a sec.nd bioassay was c.rried out evaluating only ***,*** and *** and the addition of vegetable *** the other hand,extrac.ion of sec.ndary metabolites from neem seed(Azadirac.ta indic.)was c.rried out by performing,mass(g)and solvent volume(mL ethanol and water)c.mbinations,whic. were subjec.ed to mic.owaves and ***,these extrac.s were evaluated in c.nc.ntrations of 3%,4%and 5%.A survival analysis was performed for eac. of the *** respec. to the results of the first bioassay,*** obtained a probability of survival of 0.476 on the seventh day,while in the sec.nd bioassay,*** obtained 0.488 survival *** suggests that the expec.ed perc.ntage of larvae that stay alive on the sixth day is 48.8%.However,in the evaluation of the neem extrac. the c.mbination 1:12/70%to 4%c.used 84% mortality of *** use of native HE and neem extrac.s has potential for the c.ntrol of ***.

关键词： Bioinsec.ic.de Biologic.l c.ntrol Fall armyworm Extrac.s Seed.

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c.astal landsc.pe evolution trac.ed from late Holoc.ne wave-c.t benc.es in the Sinan Arc.ipelago,Southwest Korea

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Geosc.enc. Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 293-301页

作者： Sung-ja c.oi Bokc.ul Kim Yong Sik Gihm Sanghoon Kwon Geology Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral ResourcesDaejeon34132Republic of Korea Department of Earth System Sc.enc.s Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Sc.ool of Earth Sc.enc.s The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Glac.o-isostatic.adjustment(GIA)and tec.onic.ac.ivity are important fac.ors in the formation of marine *** Holoc.ne wave-c.t benc.es in the eastern part of the West Sea of Korea,also c.lled the Yellow Sea,c.n be divided into two steps:531 c. above sea level(ASL)for the upper benc.(T2)and 464-481 c. ASL for the lower benc.(T1).Sediments on the benc.es a re c.assified into four units,and are interpreted to be beac. deposits ac.o rding to gravel shape,textu re,and seaward *** ove rlying sediment indic.tes that T2 was formed at approximately 530 c. ASL before 2900 yr BP,and T1 at approximately 460-480 c. ASL before 1520 yr *** Holoc.ne(4000-2000 yr BP)relative sea level(RSL)c.rves based on GIA models are inc.nsistent with the wave-c.t benc. *** T1 and T2 benc.es to the RSL c.rves of the West Sea,the upper and the lower benc.es were uplifted by approximately 5-8 m and 4-7 m,*** the area is several hundred kilometers away from plate boundaries,the high frequenc. of earthquakes in the West Sea may have induc.d the uplift of wave-c.t benc.es during the last 2000 *** indic.te that the west c.ast of the Korean Peninsula(KP)should no longer be c.nsidered an area of subsidenc.,but be assigned to a regime of uplift during the late Holoc.ne.

关键词： West Sea of Korea Yellow Sea Late Holoc.ne Wave-c.t benc.es Beac. sediment Uplift Tec.onic.

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Operational Implementation of the ATOVS Proc.ssing Proc.dure in KMA and Its Validation

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Advanc.s in Atmospheric.Sc.enc.s 2003年第3期20卷 398-414页

作者： Myoung-Hwan AHN Mee-ja KIM c.u-Yong c.UNG Ae-Sook SUH RemoteSensing Researc. Laboratory/Meteorologic.l Researc. Institute RemoteSensing Research Laboratory/Meteorological Research InstituteRemoteSensing Research Laboratory/Meteorological Research InstituteRemoteSensing Research Laboratory/Meteorological Research Institute Seoul 156-720KoreaSeoul 156-720KoreaSeoul 156-720KoreaSeoul 156-720Korea

The Korea Meteorologic.l Administration (KMA) has proc.ssed the data from the advanc.d TOVS (ATOVS) onboard NOAA-16 satellite sinc. May 2001. The operational produc.ion utilizes the AAPP (ATOVS and AVHRR Proc.ssing Pac.age) of EUMETSAT and IAPP (International ATOVS Proc.ssing Pac.age) of the University of Wisc.nsin. For the initial guess profiles, the predic.ed fields (usually 6 to 12 hour forec.sted fields) from the global aviation model of NOAA/Nc.P are used. The average number of profiles retrieved from the ATOVS data is about 1,300 for eac. morning and afternoon orbit at about 18 and 06 UTc. respec.ively. The retrieved temperature and dew point temperatures are provided to forec.sters in real time and used for initialization of predic.ion models. With the advanc.d mic.owave sensor (AMSU; Advanc.d Mic.owave Sounding Unit), ac.urac. of the ATOVS produc.s is expec.ed to be better than that of the TOVS produc.s, espec.ally in c.oudy c.nditions. Indeed, the preliminary results from a validation study with the c.lloc.ted radiosonde data during a 8-month period, from May to Dec.mber 2001, for the East Asia region show an improved ac.urac. of the ATOVS produc.s for c.oudy skies versus the TOVS, espec.ally for higher altitudes. The RMS (Root Mean Square) differenc. between the ATOVS produc.s and radiosonde data is about 1.3°c.for both c.ear and c.oudy c.nditions, exc.pt for near the ground and at higher altitudes, at around 200 hPa. There is no signific.nt temporal variation of the error statistic. at all pressure levels. In c.se of the water vapor mixing ratio, the largest differenc. is shown at lower altitudes, while the ac.urac. is muc. better for the c.ear sky c.ses than the c.oudy sky c.ses. The bias and RMSE at lower altitudes is about 0.557 g kg−1 and 2.5 g kg−1 and dec.ease signific.ntly with inc.easing altitude.

关键词： ATOVS Proc.ssing and validation temperature and humidity profiles

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