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Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： Shan ping Yu Emily Choi Michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

All electrical switching of 2D multiferroic heterostructure

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Science China Materials 2025年

作者： Kian ping Loh Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has catalyzed a new wave of intelligence development,resulting in significant growth in computing capabilities and intensifying competition for advanced computational ***-Memory computing based on magnetic random-access memory (MRAM)offers advantages such as high speed and low power consumption is primed for enabling high-performance AI computing[1–6].

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Structural Modal Parameter Recognition and Related Damage Identification Methods under Environmental Excitations: A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 25-54页

作者： Chao Zhang Shang-Xi Lai Hua-ping Wang School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the ***,it is particularly signiﬁcant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientiﬁc basis for structural damage identiﬁcation and dynamic model modiﬁ*** view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and brieﬂy describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal *** paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),brieﬂy describes damage identiﬁcation methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation is further *** on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation methods are given to provide scientiﬁc references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.

关键词： Structural health monitoring data information modal parameters damage identiﬁcation AI method

An efficient solution to Web server based automatic packaging

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通信学报 2004年第12期25卷 187-193页

作者： jiangjian-ping DINGXing-miao[ CollegeofComputerScience＆Technolog DalianMaritimeUniversityDalian116026China ShandongBusinessCollege Yantai264005China

The manfully packaging the content of the web server for down loading is much *** paper introduced a Web server agent for packaging automitization, which makes self-organization of the content of the pages and free the site administrator from the heavy burden of the manually packaging the web pages downloaded by web browsers. An example was illustrated to show the details of the solution, which was implemented in J2EE architecture.

关键词：网络应用下载 Web服务器 J2EE

Gut microbiota-astrocyte axis: new insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 990-1008页

作者： Lan Zhang Jingge Wei Xilei Liu Dai Li Xiaoqi Pang Fanglian Chen Hailong Cao ping Lei Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Department of GeriatricsTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Geriatrics Institute Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalNational Key Clinical SpecialtyTianjin Institute of Digestive DiseasesTianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseasesTianjinChina Department of Urology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institution Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina

With the rapidly aging human population,age-related cognitive decline and dementia are becoming increasingly prevalent *** is considered the main risk factor for cognitive decline and acts through alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota,microbial metabolites,and the functions of *** microbiota–gut–brain axis has been the focus of multiple studies and is closely associated with cognitive *** article provides a comprehensive review of the specific changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in older individuals and discusses how the aging of astrocytes and reactive astrocytosis are closely related to age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative *** article also summarizes the gut microbiota components that affect astrocyte function,mainly through the vagus nerve,immune responses,circadian rhythms,and microbial ***,this article summarizes the mechanism by which the gut microbiota–astrocyte axis plays a role in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s *** findings have revealed the critical role of the microbiota–astrocyte axis in age-related cognitive decline,aiding in a deeper understanding of potential gut microbiome-based adjuvant therapy strategies for this condition.

关键词： age aging Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes cognitive decline dementia gut microbiota gut–brain axis microbial metabolites neuroinflammation Parkinson’s disease

A promising approach for quantifying focal stroke modeling and assessing stroke progression:optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2029-2037页

作者： Xiao Liang Xingping Quan Xiaorui Geng Yujing Huang Yonghua Zhao Lei Xi Zhen Yuan ping Wang Bin Liu Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Cognitive and Brain Sciences University of MacaoMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Emergency Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

To investigate the mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of ischemic stroke,some methods have been proposed that can simultaneously monitor and create embolisms in the animal cerebral ***,these methods often require complex systems and the effect of age on cerebral embolism has not been adequately studied,although ischemic stroke is strongly *** this study,we propose an optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy-based visualized photothrombosis methodology to create and monitor ischemic stroke in mice simultaneously using a 532 nm pulsed *** observed the molding process in mice of different ages and presented age-dependent vascular embolism ***,we integrated optical coherence tomography angiography to investigate age-associated trends in cerebrovascular variability following a *** imaging data and quantitative analyses underscore the differential cerebrovascular responses to stroke in mice of different ages,thereby highlighting the technique's potential for evaluating cerebrovascular health and unraveling age-related mechanisms involved in ischemic strokes.

关键词： age-dependent cerebral cortex ischemic stroke mouse model optical coherence tomography angiography photoacoustic microscopy photothrombosis vascular imaging

Analysis of Percent Elongation for Ductile Metal in Uniaxial Tension

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2005年第3期12卷 34-39页

作者： WANGXue-bin YANGMei jiangjian LiaoningTechnicalUniversity Fuxin123000China

Percent elongation of ductile metal in uniaxial tension due to non-homogeneity was analyzed based on gradient-dependent plasticity. Three assumptions are used to get the analytical solution of percent elongation: one is static equilibrium condition in axial direction; another is that plastic volumetric strain is zero in necking zone; the other is that the diameter in unloading zone remains constant after strain localization is initiated. The strain gradient term was introduced into the yield function of classical plastic mechanics to obtain the analytical solution of distributed plastic strain. Integrating the plastic strain and considering the influence of necking on plastic elongation, a one-dimensional analytical solution of percent elongation was proposed. The analytical solution shows that the percent elongation is inversely proportional to the gauge length, and the solution is formally similar to earlier empirical formula proposed by Barba. Comparisons of existing experimental results and present analytical solutions for relation between load and total elongation and for relation between percent elongation and gauge length were carried out and the new mechanical model for percent elongation was verified. Moreover, higher ductility, toughness and heterogeneity can cause much larger percentage elongation, which coincides with usual viewpoints.

关键词： percent elongation strain gradient microstructure ductile metal necking strain localization heterogeneity

Perovskite thin-film solar cell: excitation in photovoltaic science

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第2期58卷 221-238页

作者： Junyan Xiao jiangjian Shi Dongmei Li Qingbo Meng Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

As a new member of thin-film solar cells, the perovskite solar ceils have inspired a new research hot in new photoelectric materials and devices, and have given a new energy to the photovoltaic science. Currently, various device structures, including mesoporous and planar, with and without hole transport material have been developed. In this review, much focus has been addressed to the deposition of high-quality perovskite films, structural optimization, and interface engineering as well as the understanding of the charge generation, transport, and recombination mechanisms of the devices. Furthermore, cost, stability, and environment issues of the cell are also discussed for commercial application.

关键词： perovskite solar cell photovoltaic device structure material interface

Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cell exosomes improve blood-brain barrier function after intracerebral hemorrhage by activating astrocytes via PI3K/AKT/MCP-1 axis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 518-532页

作者： Conglin Wang Fangyuan Cheng Zhaoli Han Bo Yan Pan Liao Zhenyu Yin Xintong Ge Dai Li Rongrong Zhong Qiang Liu Fanglian Chen ping Lei Department of Geriatrics Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Tianjin Neurological Institute TianjinChina

Cerebral edema caused by blood-brain barrier injury after intracerebral hemorrhage is an important factor leading to poor ***-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem cell exosomes(hiPSC-NSC-Exos)have shown potential for brain injury repair in central nervous system *** this study,we explored the impact of hiPSC-NSC-Exos on blood-brain barrier preservation and the underlying *** results indicated that intranasal delivery of hiPSC-NSC-Exos mitigated neurological deficits,enhanced blood-brain barrier integrity,and reduced leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of intracerebral ***,hiPSC-NSC-Exos decreased immune cell infiltration,activated astrocytes,and decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokines like monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,macrophage inflammatory protein-1α,and tumor necrosis factor-αpost-intracerebral hemorrhage,thereby improving the inflammatory *** sequencing indicated that hiPSC-NSC-Exo activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in astrocytes and decreased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion,thereby improving blood-brain barrier *** with the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 or the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 neutralizing agent C1142 abolished these *** summary,our findings suggest that hiPSC-NSC-Exos maintains blood-brain barrier integrity,in part by downregulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secretion through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in astrocytes.

关键词： AKT astrocyte blood-brain barrier cerebral edema exosomes human-induced pluripotent stem cells intracerebral hemorrhage neural stem cells neuroinflammation PI3K