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Disordered Translocation is Hastening Local Extinction of the Chinese Giant Salamander

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第3期12卷 271-279页

作者： Guocheng SHU Ping LIU Tian ZHAO Cheng LI Yinmeng HOU Chunlin ZHAO Jie WANG Xiaoxiao SHU jiang CHANG jianping jiang Feng XIE CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina Yibin University Yibin 644000SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Sichuan University Chengdu 610065SichuanChina State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

Biodiversity is declining globally by an unprecedented extinction *** is especially true for amphibians,accounting for 24.3%of all threatened *** the largest extant amphibian species in the world,wild populations of the Chinese giant salamander(Genus Andrias)(CGS)have decreased dramatically because of overexploitation and habitat *** has become an important strategy for restoring threatened wild populations ***,disordered tra nsloca tion usually has negative effects on the native *** provide an overview of CGS translocation and show that disordered translocation can increase local population *** four times the estimated number of wild individuals have been released across *** a re three types of translocation used for CGS,namely,reinforcement,reintroduction and ecological replacement,the last of which accounts for over one-third of *** genetic screening revealed that most released individuals were not from local populations,with one to four lineages detected in every release site(n=6).This disordered translocation can potentially reduce the genetic integrity of original ***,we suggest suspending current CGS translocation activities immediately,until more robust measures can be developed and implemented to improve the current translocation program,especially with respect to lineage identifica tion a nd the identifica tion of appropriate release sites.

关键词： Chinese giant salamander genetic test translocation conservation wild population

A Complete Embryonic Developmental Table of Microhyla fissipes(Amphibia,Anura,Microhylidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2017年第2期18卷 108-117页

作者： Shouhong WANG Lanying ZHAO Lusha LIU Dengwei YANG Janak Raj KHATIWADA Bin WANG jianping jiang Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Access to embryonic developmental stages is essential basic work for understanding how organisms develop. In this study, seven egg clutches（range 209–564 eggs） of ornamented pygmy frog Microhyla fissipes（Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae） were obtained from seven breeding pairs in laboratory. One egg clutch of them was observed for the embryonic development, and the staging table of normal development was constructed based on morphological and physiological characteristics. Forty-five developmental stages were defined for M. fissipes, and two major developmental periods were designated： 1） early embryonic development period（stages 1–28）, from fertilization to operculum completion stage, lasted for 82.6 hours at water temperature（WT） 23–25℃; 2） larval development period（stages 29–45）, from operculum completion to tail complete absorption stage, took 38 days at WT 22–26.5℃, showing that the embryos of this species develop rapidly. In addition, the tadpoles were transparent, which is similar to those in field. These characteristics suggest that M. fissipes would be a good model to study developmental biology, adaptive mechanisms from aquatic to terrestrial phases, environmental toxicology, and human disease.

关键词： Microhylidae embryonic stage external characters morphogenesis

A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton(Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae) from Eastern Himalaya

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第4期6卷 245-256页

作者： Janak Raj KHATIWADA Bin WANG Subarna GHIMIRE Karthikeyan VASUDEVAN Shanta PAUDEL jianping jiang Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Tribhuvan University Central Department of Zoology CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species Himalayan Research and Conservation Nepal

A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described from eastern Himalaya based on molecular and morphological comparisons. The new species is diagnosable from the closely-related species by having light brown colouration in dorsal region in life, flat and blunt snout, greatly separated dorsolateral bony ridges on head and straightthick tailfin. In addition to head morphology, the new species is also morphologically distinguishable from its closelyrelated species Tylototriton shanorum by having 16 dorsal warts and average smaller Snout Vent Length（SVL）.

关键词： Tylototriton himalayanus sp. nov. eastern Himalaya morphology molecular phylogeny taxonomy

Reproduction,Development,and Growth Response to Captive Diets in the Shangcheng Stout Salamander,Pachyhynobius shangchengensis(Amphibia,Urodela,Hynobiidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2012年第3期3卷 192-197页

作者： Frank PASMANS Geert P.J.JANSSENS Max SPARREBOOM3 jianping jiang Kanto NISHIKAWA Department of Pathology Bacteriology and Avian DiseasesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent University Salisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Animal Nutrition Laboratory Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent University Salisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis P.O.Box 9517 NL-2300 RA LeidenThe Netherlands Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityYoshida-nihonmatsu-cho Sakyo606-8501 KyotoJapan

The Shangcheng stout salamander(Pachyhynobius shangchengensis) is a poorly known stream dwelling hynobiid salamander from China. We studied the reproduction, development and growth response of the salamander to different diets in captivity. Two females each produced two unique, striated egg sacs, with each containing 18 and 20, and 22 and 32 white eggs with an average diameter of 3.3 mm. Hatchlings(n = 27) had front- and hind-limb buds with interdigit membranes and a large yolk sac, and developed cornified finger and toe tips during further development. Metamorphosis occurred between d 441 and d 454 after hatching at an average total length of 94.8 mm(n = 21). These reproductive and developmental traits fit in well with the ancestral state reconstruction in hynobiids. If corrected for dry mass, feed conversion ratios obtained by feeding bloodworms(Chironomidae) to P. shangchengensis larvae and mealworms(Tenebrio molitor) to postmetamorphs, were very low(0.33 and 0.34 respectively), equaling a very high mass conversion efficiency.

关键词： Pachyhynobius shangchengensis husbandry reproduction nutrition development

Development and Characterization of Fifteen Polymorphic M icosatellites for Extremely Endangered Salamander, Echinotriton chinhaiensis

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Asian Herpetological Research 2014年第4期5卷 281-283页

作者： Weizhao YANG Jie WANG jianping jiang Cheng LI Feng XIE Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Echinotriton chinhaiensis is a critically endangered salamander and its distribution is restricted to Ningbo, Zhejiang Province of China. In this study, we developed and characterized fifteen polymorphic microsatellite loci for E. ehinhaiensis from dinucleotide- and tetranucleotide- enriched library. The number of alleles ranges from 4 to 12 with an average of 7.27 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities values were from 0.250 to 0.844 and 0.511 to 0.872 with an average value of 0.596 and 0.722; respectively. The polymorphic microsatellite loci described in this paper are useful in the further study on genetic diversity and gene flow, which would be helpful to formulate effective conservation strategies for the E. chinhaiensis.

关键词： Echinotriton chinhaiensis polymorphic microsatellite loci population genetics conservation biology

A New Species of Megophryid Frog of the Genus Scutiger from Kangchenjunga Conservation Area, Eastern Nepal

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第3期10卷 139-157页

作者： Janak Raj KHATIWADA Guocheng SHU Tulsi Ram SUBEDI Bin WANG AnnemarieOHLER David CCANATELLA Feng XIE jianping jiang Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies(CEMACS) Universiti Sains MalaysiaPulau Pinang11800Malaysia Institut de Systématique évolutionBiodiversitéMuséum national d’Histoire naturelleCNRS MNHN UPMC EPHESorbonne UniversitésCP307500525rue CuvierParis75005France Department of Integrative Biology University of TexasAustinUSA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

This study investigated the systematics of the megophryid genus Scutiger from eastern and western Nepal using molecular and morphological data. Our results support two divergent lineages, one of which has nuptial spines on the dorsal surface of the first three fingers while the other has spines only on the dorsal surface of the first two fingers. The Ghunsa lineage from eastern Nepal shows significant morphological and molecular differences to other species of genus Scutiger and is here described as a new species. Based on the molecular analysis, the Muktinath lineage from western Nepal is confirmed to be Scutiger boulengeri and represents a species complex widespread throughout the Himalayan region. The newly described taxon is endemic to the eastern Himalayas and currently known only from the Ghunsa valley, Taplejung district, Nepal.

关键词： Scutiger New species Eastern Himalaya Nepal

A New Species of the Gekko japonicus Group(Squamata:Gekkonidae)from Southwest China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第1期12卷 36-48页

作者： Yinmeng HOU Shengchao SHI Gang WANG Guocheng SHU Puyang ZHENG Yin QI Gaohui LIU jianping jiang Feng XIE CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina College of Chemistry and Life Science Chengdu Normal UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina College of Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Ecological Environment ProtectionChengdu 611130SichuanChina Yibin University Yibin 644000SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012China

A new species of the Gekko(Squa ma ta:Gekkonidae)is described from the border of Sichuan and Yunnan Province,southwest China,based on distinct morphological and molecular *** jinjiangensis *** distinguished from congeners by a combination of the following characters:size small(SVL 50.2–61.6 mm,n=13);nares in contact with rostral;interorbital scales between anterior corners of the eyes 20–24;ventral scales between mental and cloacal slit 146–169;midbody scale rows 111–149;ventral scale rows 31–47;subdigital lamellae on first toe 8–11,on fourth toe 11–15;no webbing in the fingers and toes;with tubercles on uapper surface of fore and hind limbs;precloacal pores 4–5 in males;postcloacal unilateral tubercles 1–2;dorsal surface of body with 8–9 large greyish brown markings between nape and *** molecular analyses,the new species is sister to ***,but separated from them by approximately 9.9%–12.2%in genetic divergence as shown by a fragment of the partial mitochondrial ND2 *** new species is the highest Gekko with elevation range from 2000 to 2476 *** surveys are recommended to better understand the occurrence and population status of the new species.

关键词： Gekko jinjiangensis sp.nov. Gekko japonicus group molecular phylogenetic analysis morphology Jinsha River

A New Species of Microhyla(Amphibia:Anura:Microhylidae)from Langbian Plateau,Central Vietnam

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第3期11卷 161-182页

作者： Van Chung HOANG Mai Anh LUONG Quang Truong NGUYEN Nikolai L.ORLOV Youhua CHEN Bin WANG jianping jiang Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyCASChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Vietnam National Museum of Nature Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc Viet RoadHanoiVietnam Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc Viet RoadHanoiVietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc Viet RoadCau GiayHanoiVietnam Zoological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesUniversitetskaya nab 1St.Petersburg 199034Russia

We describe a new species,Microh yla hongiaoensis ***.,from Lam Dong Province,southern Vietnam based on morphological data and molecular *** new species is sister to *** by molecular phylogenetics and also most closely resembles *** in morphological characteristics,albeit differs from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological features:(1)size medium(SVL 13.6-14.7 mm in males and 18.3-18.6 mm in females);(2)fingers Ⅱ-Ⅳ with small disks,dorsal surface of disks,without median longitudinal groove;(3)webbing formula Ⅰ11/2 Ⅱ1-2 Ⅲ1-21/2Ⅳ21/4-1 Ⅴ;(4)toe disks with dorsal median longitudinal groove;(5)dorsal back without two small black spots;(6)one small black spot adjacent behind the eyes;(7)few small black scapular spots in the flanks-belly and inguinal region;(8)palm with two small metatarsal tubercles;(9)tibiotarsal reaching beyond *** *** in evergreen montane tropical forests at an elevation of 1500 m a.s.l.

关键词： new species Microhyla Bi Doup-Nui Ba national

The effect of pulse frequency on the electrochemical properties of micro arc oxidation coatings formed on magnesium alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2013年第4期1卷 318-322页

作者： Xianghua Song Jianhong Lu Xijiang Yin jianping jiang Jing Wang Advanced Materials Technology Centre Singapore PolytechnicSingapore 139651Singapore No.5713 Factory Chinese People’s Liberation ArmyXiangyangHubei 441002China

Micro arc oxidation(MAO)coatings were formed on magnesium alloy AZ31B to improve the corrosion resistance using environmental friendly electrolyte solution under single-polar pulse power *** effect of electrical parameters of pulse frequency on the coating performance was studied at frequencies of 2.5 Hz,25 Hz and 250 *** coating performance at different frequencies was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)and potentiodynamic polarization testing *** was found that the corrosion resistance of the MAO coatings was improved when increasing the pulse frequencies from 2.5 Hz to 250 *** corrosion current in 250 Hz case decreased by three orders of magnitude as compared with bare Mg alloy and the corrosion impedance also increased remarkably,means significantly enhanced corrosion resistance than bare Mg *** results give us more insight in the optimization of electrical parameters to improve the MAO coating *** MAO technology is attractive for application on magnesium and other light alloys for surface protection in automotive and space industries.

关键词： Micro arc oxidation Magnesium alloys Pulse frequency Corrosion resistance Potentiodynamic polarization