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Effect of reactive surface area of minerals on mineralization trapping of CO_2 in saline aquifers

Petroleum Science 2012年第3期9卷 400-407页

作者： LUO Shu XU Ruina jiang peixue Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of CO_(2) Utilization and Reduction TechnologyDepartment of Thermal EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The reactive surface area, an important parameter controlling mineral reactions, affects the amount of mineralization trapping of CO2 which affects the long-term CO2 storage. The effect of the reactive surface area on the mineralization trapping of CO2 was numerically simulated for CO2 storage in saline aquifers. Three kinds of minerals, including anorthite, calcite and kaolinite, are involved in the mineral reactions. This paper models the relationship between the specific surface area and the grain diameter of anorthite based on experimental data from literature （Brantley and Mellott, 2000）. When the reactive surface areas of anorthite and calcite decrease from 838 to 83.8 m^2/m^3, the percentage of mineralization trapping of CO： after 500 years decreases from 11.8% to 0.65%. The amount of dissolved anorthite and the amounts of precipitated kaolinite and calcite decrease significantly when the reactive surface areas ofanorthite and calcite decrease from 838 to 83.8 m2/m3. Calcite is initially dissolved in the brine and then precipitates during the geochemical reactions between CO2-H20 and the minerals. Different reactive surface areas of anorthite and calcite lead to different times from dissolution to precipitation. The pH of the brine decreases with decreasing reactive surface areas of anorthite and calcite which influences the acidity of the saline aquifer. The gas saturation between the upper and lower parts of the saline aquifer increases with decreasing reactive surface areas of anorthite and calcite. The mass density distribution of brine solution shows that the CO2^＋brine solution region increases with decreasing reactive surface areas ofanorthite and calcite.

关键词： Reactive surface area, mineralization trapping, dissolution precipitation, brine mass density,CO2 geological storage

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Review on heat-to-power conversion technologies for hypersonic vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 148-179页

作者： Yinke QI Xiaofeng MA peixue jiang Yinhai ZHU Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of CO_(2)Utilization and Reduction Technology Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Hypersonic vehicles have enormous military and economic value,while their power and thermal protection demands will increase substantially with the rise in Mach number and *** the tremendous high-quality heat on the vehicle surface and engine wall into electrical energy through heat-to-power technologies will not only play a role in thermal protection,but also supply power for the *** paper provides a comprehensive review of heat-to-power conversion technologies on hypersonic vehicles,including the indirect conversion of Brayton and Rankine cycles,direct conversion of thermoelectric materials,and combined *** the open Brayton cycle with hydrocarbon fuel as the working fluid,the Power-to-Weight Ratio(PWR)can achieve the highest,at around 1.8,due to the high PWR of the hydrocarbon fuel turbine and the few components of the ***,its work capacity is limited by the flow rate of the supplied *** closed Brayton cycle can maintain a relatively high PWR,ranging from 0.2 to 0.8,while achieving relatively high output power and conversion *** Rankine cycle has a higher PWR,its range is close to that of the closed Brayton cycle,peaking at about *** thermoelectric materials technology has a small power generation level,making it more suitable for scenarios with low power *** review provides a basis for selecting and developing heat-to-power conversion technologies on hypersonic vehicles.

关键词： Hypersonic vehicles Heat-to-power conversion Brayton cycle Rankine cycle Thermoelectric materials

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Theoretical and experimental study of the thermal conductivity of nanoporous media

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第8期55卷 2140-2147页

作者： jiang peixue XIANG Heng XU RuiNa Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology Beijing 100084China Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The nanoparticle thermal conductivity and nanoscale thermal contact resistance were investigated by molecular dynamics(MD) simulations to further understand nanoscale porous media thermal *** porous media thermal conductivity models were then revised for nanoporous *** effective thermal conductivities of two packed beds with nanoscale nickel particles and a packed bed with microscale nickel particles were then measured using the Hot *** measured results show that the nano/microscale porous media thermal conductivities were much less than the thermal conductivities of the solid *** of the measured and calculated results shows that the revised combined parallel-series model and the revised Hsu-Cheng model can accurately predict the effective thermal conductivities of micro-and nanoparticle packed beds.

关键词： thermal conductivity nanoparticle nanoporous media molecular dynamics(MD) simulation contact resistance

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Pore-scale visualization on a depressurization-induced CO2 exsolution

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Science Bulletin 2017年第11期62卷 795-803页

作者： Ruina Xu Rong Li Feng Huang peixue jiang Key Laboratory for CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology of Beijing Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The pore-scale behavior of the exsolved CO_2 phase during the depressurization process in CO_2 geological storage was *** reservoir pressure decreases when the injection stops or when a leaking event or fluid extraction *** exsolution characteristics of CO_2 affect the migration and fate of CO_2 in the storage site ***,a micromodel experimental system that can accommodate a large pressure variation provides a physical model with homogeneous porous media to dynamically visualize the nucleation and growth of exsolved CO_2 *** pressure decreased from 9.85 to 3.95 MPa at different temperatures and depressurization rates,and the behavior of CO_2 bubbles was *** the pore-scale,the nuclei became observable when the CO_2 phase density was significantly reduced,and the pressure corresponding to this observation was slightly lower than that of the severe expansion pressure *** lower temperature and faster depressurization rate produced more CO_2 *** exsolved CO_2 bubble preferentially grew into the pore body instead of the *** progress of smaller CO_2 bubbles merging into a larger CO_2 bubble was first captured,which validated the existence of the Ostwald ripening *** dispersed CO_2 phase after exsolution shows similarity with the residually trapped CO_*** observation is consistent with the low mobility and high residual trapping ratio of exsolved CO_2 measured in the core-scale measurement,which is considered to be a self-sealing mechanism during depressurization process in CO_2 geological storage.

关键词： Depressurization process CO2 exsolution Ostwald ripening CO2 geological storage

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A numerical study of segmented cooling-stream injection in supersonic film cooling

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第6期35卷 156-171页

作者： Hang NI Mingjun WANG peixue jiang Wei PENG Yinhai ZHU Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua University-Zhang Jiagang Joint Institute for Hydrogen Energy and Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The present study proposes a segmented cooling-stream injection structure based on a certain coolant mass flow rate,and numerically investigates the effect of segmented cooling-stream injection on supersonic film *** results indicate that without shock-wave impingement and with helium as the coolant,segmented cooling-stream injection can reduce the mixing between the mainstream and the cooling stream to produce better cooling performance than single injection,especially at larger coolant Mach ***,with nitrogen as the coolant,the cooling effect of the segmented-injection system is very close to that of the single-injection *** at the impinging region is enhanced significantly when there is an incident shock *** the shock wave impinges between the two coolant inlets,segmented cooling-stream injection improves film cooling effectiveness in the midstream and downstream regions more than single injection because only part of the cooling stream undergoes the enhanced mixing effect of the shock *** advantage of segmented injection is reduced when the impinging region is behind the second coolant *** further downstream the impinging region,the smaller the associated advantage.

关键词： Film cooling Mach number Segmented injection Shock wave Supersonic flow

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Review on active thermal protection and its heat transfer for airbreathing hypersonic vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第10期31卷 1929-1953页

作者： Yinhai ZHU Wei PENG Ruina XU peixue jiang Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University

Hypersonic vehicles with turbojet, ramjet, and scramjet engines are expected to be widely applied to future transportation systems. Due to high-speed flight in the atmosphere, body outer surfaces suffer strong aerodynamic heating, and on the other hand, combustion chamber inter walls are under extremely high temperature and heat flux. Therefore, more efficient and stable active cooling technologies are required in hypersonic vehicles, such as regenerative cooling, film cooling, and transpiration cooling, as well as their combinations. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review on three active cooling methods, i.e., regenerative cooling, film cooling, and transpiration cooling, and deeply analyzes the mechanism of each cooling method, including the fluids flow, heat transfer, and thermal cracking characteristics of different hydrocarbon fuels in regenerative cooling,the heat transfer and flow mechanism of film cooling under supersonic mainstream conditions, and the heat transfer and flow mechanism of transpiration cooling.

关键词： Film cooling Hypersonic vehicle Regenerative cooling Thermal protection Transpiration cooling

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Influence of shock wave impinging region on supersonic film cooling

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第5期34卷 452-465页

作者： Xiaokai SUN Hang NI Wei PENG peixue jiang Yinhai ZHU Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Institute of Nuclear Industry Strategy 100048China Department of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Shock waves can significantly affect the film cooling for supersonic flow and shock waves may have different influence when impinging in different *** present study numerically compared the results of shock wave impinging in three different regions and analyzed the effect of impinging *** shock wave generators were located at x/s=5,25,45 with 4°,7°and 10°shock wave *** mainstream Mach number was 3.2 and the coolant Mach number was 1.2 or *** numerical results illustrated that the shock wave impinged in the further upstream region led to a larger high-pressure region and a larger vortex in the boundary ***,placing the shock wave generator upstream resulted in the lower mass fraction of coolant in the downstream *** velocity in the upstream part of the cooling layer was lower than the midstream and downstream part,which resulted in the less ability to resist the shock wave ***,the upstream impingement deteriorated the cooling performance to a greater *** study also manifested that the stronger shock wave had a larger effect on supersonic film *** the coolant inlet Mach number can increase the blowing ratio and reduce the mixing,which was of benefit to improve cooling effect.

关键词： Film cooling Impinging region Mach number Shock wave Supersonic flow

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Experimental and molecular dynamics study of gas flow characteristics in nanopores

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第13期57卷 1488-1493页

作者： LIU QiXin jiang peixue XIANG Heng Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of CO_(2)Utilization and Reduction TechnologyDepartment of Thermal EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Gas flow characteristics in nanopores were investigated experimentally and numerically using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with an emphasis on the friction factor and gas viscosity. The results show that the viscosity and the friction factor in nanopores are much lower than those in macroscale channels. The actual viscosities obtained from the MD studies showed that the gas viscosity in nanopores is less than the macroscale viscosity because collisions between gas molecules are less frequent in high Knudsen number flows and there are more collisions with the wall. The MD simulations show that the velocity profile is composed of two parts, with a much steeper velocity gradient near the wall.

关键词：气体流动特性分子动力学特性实验纳米孔 Knudsen数气体粘度数值模拟摩擦系数

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Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis of Film Cooling Flows

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Journal of Thermal Science 2006年第1期15卷 85-91页

作者： Xiaochen LU peixue jiang Hideaki SUGISHITA Hideyuki UECHI Kiyoshi SUENAGA Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Takasago Research and Development Center Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Takasago 676-8686 Japan

The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential of various grids to satisfactorily simulate the development of a cooling film, using a coupled computation that takes into account the full geometry. Detailed computations of a single row of 30 degrees round holes on a flat plate are presented for blowing ratios of 0.764, 1.01 and 1.54. The simulation results are compared well with experimental data. The two-layer model gave more accurate results but consumed much more computational time than the standard wall functions. The k-ε turbulence model with wall functions with appropriate values of y^＋ is suitable for practical use. The results show the importance of the conjugate calculation for accurately describing the influence of the heat transfer within the cooling film.

关键词： film cooling conjugate heat transfer blowing ratio.

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Internal heat transfer coefficients in microporous media with rarefaction effects

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第10期55卷 2869-2876页

作者： XU RuiNa HUANG YuLi jiang peixue WANG BuXuan Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education of China Beijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of CO_(2)Utilization and Reduction Technology Beijing 100084China Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The internal heat transfer of different gases in microporous media was investigated experimentally and *** experimental test section had a sintered bronze porous media with average particle diameters from 11 μm to 225 μ*** Knudsen numbers at the average inlet and outlet pressures of each test section varied from 0.0006 to 0.13 with porosities from 0.16 to *** particle-to-fluid heat transfer coefficients of air,CO 2 and helium in the microporous media were determined *** results show that the Nusselt numbers for the internal heat transfer in the microporous media decrease with decreasing the particle diameter,d p,and increasing Knudsen number for the same Reynolds *** Kn>0.01,the rarefaction affects the internal heat transfer in the microporous media.A Nusselt number correlation was developed that includes the influence of *** computational fluid dynamics(CFD) numerical simulation was carried out to do the pore scale simulation of internal heat transfer in the microporous media considering the rarefaction *** scale three-dimensional numerical simulations were also used to predict the particle-to-fluid heat transfer *** numerical results without slip-flow and temperature jump effects for Kn<0.01 corresponded well with the experimental *** numerical results with slip-flow and temperature jump effects for 0.01

关键词： internal heat transfer coefficients microporous media rarefaction Knudsen number

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